{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1793558200","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2352/cic.2004.12.1.art00028","title":"Designing a Simple 3-Channel Camera for Skin Detection","display_name":"Designing a Simple 3-Channel Camera for Skin Detection","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1793558200","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2352/cic.2004.12.1.art00028","mag":"1793558200"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2352/cic.2004.12.1.art00028","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2352/cic.2004.12.1.art00028","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210193667","display_name":"Color and Imaging Conference","issn_l":"2166-9635","issn":["2166-9635","2169-2629"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Color and Imaging Conference","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110291641","display_name":"J. Birgitta Martinkauppi","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J. Birgitta Martinkauppi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080437616","display_name":"Graham D. Finlayson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4040-0554"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Graham D. Finlayson","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing Sciences"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing Sciences","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110291641"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.05715966,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"1","first_page":"150","last_page":"156"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11666","display_name":"Color Science and Applications","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11666","display_name":"Color Science and Applications","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.942300021648407,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11144","display_name":"melanin and skin pigmentation","score":0.9122999906539917,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1307","display_name":"Cell Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normalization","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","score":0.8538832664489746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gamut","display_name":"Gamut","score":0.7472854256629944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7120718955993652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preprocessor","display_name":"Preprocessor","score":0.6797278523445129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6703621745109558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6330769062042236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.48932287096977234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calibration","display_name":"Calibration","score":0.4356609582901001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.23463213443756104}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136886441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q926129","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.8538832664489746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780061478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375857","display_name":"Gamut","level":2,"score":0.7472854256629944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7120718955993652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34736171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918333","display_name":"Preprocessor","level":2,"score":0.6797278523445129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6703621745109558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6330769062042236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.48932287096977234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.4356609582901001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.23463213443756104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2352/cic.2004.12.1.art00028","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2352/cic.2004.12.1.art00028","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210193667","display_name":"Color and Imaging Conference","issn_l":"2166-9635","issn":["2166-9635","2169-2629"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Color and Imaging Conference","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk:21993","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/21993/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400384","display_name":"UEA Digital Repository (University of East Anglia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1118541","host_organization_name":"University of East Anglia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1118541"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference or Workshop Item"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W17090651","https://openalex.org/W1520390271","https://openalex.org/W2007067258","https://openalex.org/W2042814309","https://openalex.org/W2051826135","https://openalex.org/W2064553755","https://openalex.org/W2101676063","https://openalex.org/W2118628418","https://openalex.org/W2526085404","https://openalex.org/W2996555727"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2533072256","https://openalex.org/W2102340963","https://openalex.org/W2010809152","https://openalex.org/W2110904776","https://openalex.org/W1540444031","https://openalex.org/W2899307613","https://openalex.org/W1966592431","https://openalex.org/W2997394683","https://openalex.org/W2353388427","https://openalex.org/W1865242774"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Skin":[0],"detection":[1,14],"is":[2,15,44,59,70],"an":[3],"important":[4],"preprocessing":[5],"step":[6],"for":[7,52,88,117],"many":[8],"applications.":[9],"In":[10,78],"some":[11],"cases,":[12],"reliable":[13],"needed":[16],"under":[17],"the":[18,26,33,79,89,104],"real-world's":[19],"challenging":[20],"illumination":[21,28,56,83],"conditions,":[22],"that":[23],"is,":[24],"when":[25],"prevailing":[27],"does":[29],"not":[30],"correspond":[31],"to":[32,45],"one":[34],"used":[35],"in":[36,41,61,103],"calibration.":[37],"Our":[38],"particular":[39],"goal":[40],"this":[42],"paper":[43],"design":[46],"and":[47,119],"study":[48],"a":[49,65,73,99],"three-sensor":[50],"camera":[51,90],"these":[53],"kinds":[54],"of":[55,68],"conditions.":[57],"This":[58],"done":[60],"three":[62],"stages.":[63],"First,":[64],"representative":[66],"set":[67],"illuminants":[69],"selected":[71],"from":[72],"given":[74],"color":[75],"temperature":[76],"range.":[77],"second":[80],"stage,":[81],"different":[82],"normalization":[84,101],"methods":[85],"are":[86,96,110],"tested":[87,97],"channel":[91],"model.":[92],"Simple":[93],"bell-shaped":[94],"sensors":[95],"with":[98],"chosen":[100],"method":[102],"last":[105],"stage.":[106],"Different":[107],"sensor":[108],"combinations":[109],"evaluated":[111],"based":[112],"on":[113],"their":[114],"gamut":[115],"ratios":[116],"skin":[118],"Munsell":[120],"reflectances.":[121]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
