{"id":"https://openalex.org/W157084788","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2352/cic.1999.7.1.art00008","title":"Generation of Virtual Spectral Color Target and Its Application","display_name":"Generation of Virtual Spectral Color Target and Its Application","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W157084788","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2352/cic.1999.7.1.art00008","mag":"157084788"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2352/cic.1999.7.1.art00008","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2352/cic.1999.7.1.art00008","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210193667","display_name":"Color and Imaging Conference","issn_l":"2166-9635","issn":["2166-9635","2169-2629"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Color and Imaging Conference","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032319122","display_name":"Hiroaki Kotera","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hiroaki Kotera","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085560804","display_name":"Hung\u2010Shing Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3135-6494"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Hung-Shing","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071974946","display_name":"Ryoichi Saito","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5445-759X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ryoichi Saito","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2364,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.47152499,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"1","first_page":"36","last_page":"41"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11666","display_name":"Color Science and Applications","score":0.9879000186920166,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11666","display_name":"Color Science and Applications","score":0.9879000186920166,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.946399986743927,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12389","display_name":"Infrared Target Detection Methodologies","score":0.9315999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gamut","display_name":"Gamut","score":0.8622056245803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-color","display_name":"Spectral color","score":0.7204152941703796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6496196389198303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/icc-profile","display_name":"ICC profile","score":0.6258021593093872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standard-illuminant","display_name":"Standard illuminant","score":0.6202797889709473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6038907766342163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/color-space","display_name":"Color space","score":0.5829290747642517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rgb-color-model","display_name":"RGB color model","score":0.5737749338150024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.572776198387146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.5543618202209473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chart","display_name":"Chart","score":0.5152914524078369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/color-balance","display_name":"Color balance","score":0.5136575102806091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/color-rendering-index","display_name":"Color rendering index","score":0.44654208421707153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-power-distribution","display_name":"Spectral power distribution","score":0.44402629137039185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/color-model","display_name":"Color model","score":0.38921502232551575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3604978322982788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/color-image","display_name":"Color image","score":0.3132433295249939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.26682737469673157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.1378042995929718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-emitting-diode","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","score":0.130293607711792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.12967616319656372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.10524287819862366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.07860401272773743}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780061478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375857","display_name":"Gamut","level":2,"score":0.8622056245803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97991835","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910300","display_name":"Spectral color","level":5,"score":0.7204152941703796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6496196389198303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95143428","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375296","display_name":"ICC profile","level":5,"score":0.6258021593093872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129112856","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375479","display_name":"Standard illuminant","level":2,"score":0.6202797889709473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6038907766342163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2961294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166863","display_name":"Color space","level":3,"score":0.5829290747642517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82990744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166194","display_name":"RGB color model","level":2,"score":0.5737749338150024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.572776198387146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.5543618202209473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190812933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28923","display_name":"Chart","level":2,"score":0.5152914524078369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159784718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182571","display_name":"Color balance","level":5,"score":0.5136575102806091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118732332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27575","display_name":"Color rendering index","level":3,"score":0.44654208421707153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94360122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1967557","display_name":"Spectral power distribution","level":2,"score":0.44402629137039185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36262787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2294018","display_name":"Color model","level":4,"score":0.38921502232551575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3604978322982788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142616399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5148604","display_name":"Color image","level":4,"score":0.3132433295249939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.26682737469673157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.1378042995929718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176666156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25504","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","level":2,"score":0.130293607711792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.12967616319656372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.10524287819862366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.07860401272773743}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2352/cic.1999.7.1.art00008","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2352/cic.1999.7.1.art00008","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210193667","display_name":"Color and Imaging Conference","issn_l":"2166-9635","issn":["2166-9635","2169-2629"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Color and Imaging Conference","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2091885419","https://openalex.org/W2399327138","https://openalex.org/W2082072206","https://openalex.org/W2324187665","https://openalex.org/W2105717026","https://openalex.org/W4382246118","https://openalex.org/W2129240522","https://openalex.org/W2271358942","https://openalex.org/W3046639921","https://openalex.org/W1720737427"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,111],"spectral":[1,76,129],"sensitivities":[2],"of":[3,78,99,106,113],"image":[4],"capture":[5],"devices":[6,44],"should":[7],"be":[8],"carefully":[9],"designed":[10],"to":[11,41,73],"guarantee":[12],"colorimetric":[13],"color":[14,19,35,53,71,79,115,124],"reproduction.":[15],"As":[16],"a":[17,63,69],"standard":[18],"test":[20],"chart,":[21],"ISO/DIS":[22],"12641":[23],"is":[24,37,62,88,118],"conveniently":[25],"used":[26],"for":[27],"calibrating":[28],"the":[29,43,52,60,75,91],"scanners":[30],"or":[31],"printers.":[32],"However,":[33],"its":[34],"gamut":[36],"not":[38,56],"wide":[39],"enough":[40],"evaluate":[42],"such":[45],"as":[46],"digital":[47],"camera":[48],"&":[49],"display":[50],"and":[51,103,120],"distributions":[54],"are":[55],"uniform":[57],"systems":[58],"because":[59],"chart":[61],"photographic":[64],"print.":[65],"This":[66],"paper":[67],"presents":[68],"virtual":[70,82,128],"target":[72],"estimate":[74],"goodness":[77,112],"devices.":[80],"A":[81],"spectrum":[83],"with":[84,122],"given":[85],"L*a*b*":[86],"value":[87,102],"generated":[89],"from":[90],"fundamental":[92],"metamer":[93],"uniquely":[94],"obtained":[95],"by":[96],"inverse":[97],"projection":[98],"XYZ":[100],"tristimulus":[101],"an":[104],"addition":[105],"arbitrary":[107],"metameric":[108],"black":[109],"spectrum.":[110],"typical":[114],"input":[116],"sensors":[117],"measured":[119],"compared":[121],"actual":[123],"chips":[125],"using":[126],"this":[127],"target.":[130]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}