{"id":"https://openalex.org/W6907821532","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2312/sbm/sbm08/167-173","title":"Automatic Interpretation of Depiction Conventions in Sketched Diagrams","display_name":"Automatic Interpretation of Depiction Conventions in Sketched Diagrams","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W6907821532","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2312/sbm/sbm08/167-173"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2312/sbm/sbm08/167-173","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2312/sbm/sbm08/167-173","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052899","display_name":"Eurographics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"type":"other","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.2312/sbm/sbm08/167-173","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Lockwood, Kate","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lockwood, Kate","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Lovett, Andrew","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lovett, Andrew","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Forbus, Ken","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Forbus, Ken","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Dehghani, Morteza","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dehghani, Morteza","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Usher, Jeff","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Usher, Jeff","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":null,"topics":[],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagrammatic-reasoning","display_name":"Diagrammatic reasoning","score":0.8956999778747559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sketch","display_name":"Sketch","score":0.8392000198364258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depiction","display_name":"Depiction","score":0.8255000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretation","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","score":0.6628000140190125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/venn-diagram","display_name":"Venn diagram","score":0.4083000123500824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.37560001015663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expert-system","display_name":"Expert system","score":0.36739999055862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.3499000072479248}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106624574","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5270387","display_name":"Diagrammatic reasoning","level":2,"score":0.8956999778747559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779231336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7534724","display_name":"Sketch","level":2,"score":0.8392000198364258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779702343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1166770","display_name":"Depiction","level":2,"score":0.8255000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7524999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527412718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q855395","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6628000140190125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.48910000920295715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.46070000529289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55508974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190763","display_name":"Venn diagram","level":2,"score":0.4083000123500824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.37560001015663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58328972","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184609","display_name":"Expert system","level":2,"score":0.36739999055862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.3499000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193125573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7449065","display_name":"Semantic interpretation","level":2,"score":0.3422999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.33550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192328126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4514647","display_name":"Schematic","level":2,"score":0.33340001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778029271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421931","display_name":"Extension (predicate logic)","level":2,"score":0.33180001378059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161301231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3478658","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","level":2,"score":0.32170000672340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132900626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7534733","display_name":"Sketch recognition","level":4,"score":0.3197000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.30570000410079956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186399060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959962","display_name":"Diagram","level":2,"score":0.303600013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779336797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3055492","display_name":"Intelligent tutoring system","level":2,"score":0.2648000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115925183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412694","display_name":"Knowledge-based systems","level":2,"score":0.2630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.26109999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124304363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q673661","display_name":"Abstraction","level":2,"score":0.2542000114917755}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2312/sbm/sbm08/167-173","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2312/sbm/sbm08/167-173","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052899","display_name":"Eurographics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2312/sbm/sbm08/167-173","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2312/sbm/sbm08/167-173","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052899","display_name":"Eurographics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.8637267351150513}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Diagrams":[0],"are":[1],"used":[2],"in":[3,16,94,108,119],"many":[4],"educational":[5],"settings":[6],"to":[7,18,34,49,64,75,101,117,133],"convey":[8],"physical":[9],"and":[10,48,67,124],"spatial":[11],"information.":[12],"Sketching":[13],"is":[14,128],"used,":[15],"turn,":[17],"test":[19],"students'":[20],"understanding":[21,87,137],"of":[22,27,88,122],"course":[23],"concepts.":[24],"The":[25],"availability":[26],"Tablet":[28],"PCs":[29],"offer":[30],"an":[31,86,131],"exciting":[32],"opportunity":[33],"create":[35,50],"intelligent":[36],"tutoring":[37],"systems":[38,51,63],"which":[39,52],"automatically":[40],"provide":[41,65],"students":[42,79],"with":[43,58,111],"feedback":[44],"on":[45],"sketched":[46,109],"work,":[47],"can":[53],"capture":[54],"knowledge":[55],"via":[56],"interaction":[57],"people.":[59],"However,":[60],"for":[61],"such":[62],"useful":[66],"relevant":[68],"feedback,":[69],"the":[70,115,120,134],"software":[71],"must":[72],"be":[73],"able":[74],"interpret":[76],"diagrams":[77,83,110],"that":[78],"have":[80],"drawn.":[81],"Interpreting":[82],"correctly":[84],"requires":[85],"some":[89],"basic":[90],"depiction":[91],"conventions":[92],"common":[93],"diagrammatic":[95],"representation.":[96],"Here":[97],"we":[98],"describe":[99],"how":[100],"combine":[102],"general":[103],"semantic":[104],"information":[105,113],"about":[106],"objects":[107],"geometric":[112],"from":[114],"sketch":[116,136],"aid":[118],"interpretation":[121],"regions":[123],"edges.":[125],"This":[126],"system":[127],"implemented":[129],"as":[130],"extension":[132],"CogSketch":[135],"system.":[138]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T06:00:48.157686","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}