{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2970625583","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2312/hpg.20191191","title":"Dynamic Many-Light Sampling for Real-Time Ray Tracing","display_name":"Dynamic Many-Light Sampling for Real-Time Ray Tracing","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2970625583","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2312/hpg.20191191","mag":"2970625583"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:lup.lub.lu.se:38a4b4aa-ddc0-468a-8e83-be6f8b4bb863","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/38a4b4aa-ddc0-468a-8e83-be6f8b4bb863","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400536","display_name":"Lund University Publications (Lund University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I187531555","host_organization_name":"Lund University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.2312/hpg.20191191","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055434683","display_name":"Pierre Moreau","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3916-1250"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1304085615","display_name":"Nvidia (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/02kr42612","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304085615","https://openalex.org/I4210127875"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127875","display_name":"Nvidia (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03jdj4y14","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127875"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Moreau, Pierre","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nvidia Inc"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nvidia Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127875","https://openalex.org/I1304085615"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102003967","display_name":"Matt Pharr","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0566-8291"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1304085615","display_name":"Nvidia (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/02kr42612","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304085615","https://openalex.org/I4210127875"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pharr, Matt","raw_affiliation_strings":["NVIDIA Inc"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NVIDIA Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1304085615"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026516592","display_name":"Petrik Clarberg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9870-6307"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1304085615","display_name":"Nvidia (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/02kr42612","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304085615","https://openalex.org/I4210127875"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Clarberg, Petrik","raw_affiliation_strings":["NVIDIA Inc"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NVIDIA Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1304085615"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.0293,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98268398,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10719","display_name":"3D Shape Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9902999997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rendering","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","score":0.8354315757751465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8054958581924438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-ray-tracing","display_name":"Distributed ray tracing","score":0.7108635902404785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ray-tracing","display_name":"Ray tracing (physics)","score":0.700558602809906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.6497433185577393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-illumination","display_name":"Global illumination","score":0.6171934008598328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame-rate","display_name":"Frame rate","score":0.5162944197654724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-rendering","display_name":"Real-time rendering","score":0.5103620886802673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracing","display_name":"Tracing","score":0.5042828321456909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.49676162004470825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4363497197628021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path-tracing","display_name":"Path tracing","score":0.41890305280685425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame","display_name":"Frame (networking)","score":0.41657155752182007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.07089781761169434}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205711294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176953","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","level":2,"score":0.8354315757751465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8054958581924438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82744980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q951513","display_name":"Distributed ray tracing","level":3,"score":0.7108635902404785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121483023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7298343","display_name":"Ray tracing (physics)","level":2,"score":0.700558602809906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.6497433185577393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89720835","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1531701","display_name":"Global illumination","level":3,"score":0.6171934008598328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3261483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q119565","display_name":"Frame rate","level":2,"score":0.5162944197654724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116921373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2816483","display_name":"Real-time rendering","level":3,"score":0.5103620886802673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138673069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q322229","display_name":"Tracing","level":2,"score":0.5042828321456909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.49676162004470825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4363497197628021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110541219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72948","display_name":"Path tracing","level":3,"score":0.41890305280685425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.41657155752182007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.07089781761169434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:lup.lub.lu.se:38a4b4aa-ddc0-468a-8e83-be6f8b4bb863","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/38a4b4aa-ddc0-468a-8e83-be6f8b4bb863","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400536","display_name":"Lund University Publications (Lund University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I187531555","host_organization_name":"Lund University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.2312/hpg.20191191","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2312/hpg.20191191","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052899","display_name":"Eurographics","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2312/hpg.20191191","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2312/hpg.20191191","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052899","display_name":"Eurographics","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.550000011920929}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2761457962","https://openalex.org/W2030318194","https://openalex.org/W1691811038","https://openalex.org/W2890296722","https://openalex.org/W2805901655","https://openalex.org/W2987289796","https://openalex.org/W2549735216","https://openalex.org/W28365449","https://openalex.org/W1916001210","https://openalex.org/W2141294397","https://openalex.org/W2968835313","https://openalex.org/W1269809657","https://openalex.org/W2287257282","https://openalex.org/W1492327499","https://openalex.org/W2972968752","https://openalex.org/W2184597698","https://openalex.org/W2613717307","https://openalex.org/W2543710975","https://openalex.org/W2915203123","https://openalex.org/W1491725713"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Monte":[0],"Carlo":[1],"ray":[2],"tracing":[3,28,59],"offers":[4],"the":[5,56,90,134,166],"capability":[6,57],"of":[7,13,58,136,164,178,196,218],"rendering":[8,84],"scenes":[9,215],"with":[10,49,194,208,216,223],"large":[11],"numbers":[12],"area":[14,50],"light":[15,77,91,116,198],"sources-lights":[16],"can":[17,23,159],"be":[18,24,221],"sampled":[19],"stochastically":[20],"and":[21],"shadowing":[22],"accounted":[25],"for":[26,82,105,113,188,191],"by":[27,144],"rays,":[29],"rather":[30],"than":[31,183],"using":[32],"shadow":[33],"maps":[34],"or":[35,46],"other":[36],"rasterizationbased":[37],"techniques":[38],"that":[39,93,132,156,207],"do":[40],"not":[41],"scale":[42],"to":[43,72,98,220],"many":[44],"lights":[45,219],"work":[47],"well":[48],"lights.":[51],"Current":[52],"GPUs":[53],"only":[54],"afford":[55],"a":[60,110,128,192,201],"few":[61],"rays":[62],"per":[63,186,229],"pixel":[64],"at":[65,171],"real-time":[66,121],"frame":[67,187],"rates,":[68],"making":[69],"it":[70],"necessary":[71],"focus":[73],"sampling":[74,95,117],"on":[75,127,200],"important":[76],"sources.":[78],"While":[79],"state-of-the-art":[80],"algorithms":[81],"offline":[83],"build":[85],"hierarchical":[86,115],"data":[87,118],"structures":[88,119],"over":[89],"sources":[92,199],"enable":[94],"them":[96],"according":[97],"their":[99,151],"importance,":[100],"they":[101],"lack":[102],"efficient":[103],"support":[104],"dynamic":[106],"scenes.":[107],"We":[108,154],"present":[109],"new":[111],"algorithm":[112],"maintaining":[114,150],"targeting":[120],"rendering.":[122],"Our":[123],"approach":[124,158,212],"is":[125,141],"based":[126],"two-level":[129],"BVH":[130],"hierarchy":[131,138,168,189],"reduces":[133],"cost":[135],"partial":[137],"updates.":[139],"Performance":[140],"further":[142],"improved":[143],"updating":[145],"lower-level":[146],"BVHs":[147],"via":[148],"refitting,":[149],"original":[152],"topology.":[153],"show":[155,206],"this":[157],"give":[160],"error":[161],"within":[162],"6%":[163],"recreating":[165],"entire":[167],"from":[169],"scratch":[170],"each":[172],"frame,":[173],"while":[174],"being":[175],"two":[176],"orders":[177],"magnitude":[179],"faster,":[180],"requiring":[181],"less":[182],"1":[184],"ms":[185,228],"updates":[190],"scene":[193],"thousands":[195,217],"moving":[197],"modern":[202],"GPU.":[203],"Further,":[204],"we":[205],"spatiotemporal":[209],"filtering,":[210],"our":[211],"allows":[213],"complex":[214],"rendered":[222],"ray-traced":[224],"shadows":[225],"in":[226],"16.1":[227],"frame.":[230]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
