{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2073262318","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2298/csis1002309c","title":"On automata and language based grammar metrics","display_name":"On automata and language based grammar metrics","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2073262318","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2298/csis1002309c","mag":"2073262318"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2298/csis1002309c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2298/csis1002309c","pdf_url":"http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/ft.aspx?id=1820-02141002309C","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S206939107","display_name":"Computer Science and Information Systems","issn_l":"1820-0214","issn":["1820-0214","2406-1018"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321031","host_organization_name":"ComSIS Consortium","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321031"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["ComSIS Consortium"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Science and Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/ft.aspx?id=1820-02141002309C","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050160911","display_name":"Matej \u010crepin\u0161ek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2802-316X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37696226","display_name":"University of Maribor","ror":"https://ror.org/01d5jce07","country_code":"SI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37696226"]}],"countries":["SI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Matej Crepinsek","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Maribor, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Maribor, Slovenia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Maribor, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Maribor, Slovenia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37696226"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073199165","display_name":"Toma\u017e Kosar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8714-9649"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37696226","display_name":"University of Maribor","ror":"https://ror.org/01d5jce07","country_code":"SI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37696226"]}],"countries":["SI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tomaz Kosar","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Maribor, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Maribor, Slovenia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Maribor, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Maribor, Slovenia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37696226"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081521788","display_name":"Marjan Mernik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2775-0667"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37696226","display_name":"University of Maribor","ror":"https://ror.org/01d5jce07","country_code":"SI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37696226"]}],"countries":["SI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marjan Mernik","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Maribor, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Maribor, Slovenia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Maribor, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Maribor, Slovenia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37696226"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105422132","display_name":"Julien Cervelle","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152518","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique Gaspard-Monge","ror":"https://ror.org/04t50yk91","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I142631665","https://openalex.org/I4210145102","https://openalex.org/I4210152518","https://openalex.org/I4210154111","https://openalex.org/I4210159245"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julien Cervelle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e9 Paris-Est, Laboratoire d'Informatique Gaspard-Monge, Marne-la-Vall\u00e9e, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Est, Laboratoire d'Informatique Gaspard-Monge, Marne-la-Vall\u00e9e, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152518"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085420516","display_name":"R\u00e9mi Forax","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152518","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique Gaspard-Monge","ror":"https://ror.org/04t50yk91","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I142631665","https://openalex.org/I4210145102","https://openalex.org/I4210152518","https://openalex.org/I4210154111","https://openalex.org/I4210159245"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R\u00e9mi Forax","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e9 Paris-Est, Laboratoire d'Informatique Gaspard-Monge, Marne-la-Vall\u00e9e, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Est, Laboratoire d'Informatique Gaspard-Monge, Marne-la-Vall\u00e9e, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152518"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037869012","display_name":"Gilles Roussel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8531-1566"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152518","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique Gaspard-Monge","ror":"https://ror.org/04t50yk91","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I142631665","https://openalex.org/I4210145102","https://openalex.org/I4210152518","https://openalex.org/I4210154111","https://openalex.org/I4210159245"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gilles Roussel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e9 Paris-Est, Laboratoire d'Informatique Gaspard-Monge, Marne-la-Vall\u00e9e, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Est, Laboratoire d'Informatique Gaspard-Monge, Marne-la-Vall\u00e9e, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152518"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5050160911"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37696226"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.5246,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":33,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94469027,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"2","first_page":"309","last_page":"329"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11450","display_name":"Model-Driven Software Engineering Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11450","display_name":"Model-Driven Software Engineering Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7504327297210693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree-adjoining-grammar","display_name":"Tree-adjoining grammar","score":0.6542778015136719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attribute-grammar","display_name":"Attribute grammar","score":0.6406193971633911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/l-attributed-grammar","display_name":"L-attributed grammar","score":0.6112249493598938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.580767035484314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context-sensitive-grammar","display_name":"Context-sensitive grammar","score":0.5591899156570435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grammar","display_name":"Grammar","score":0.5568429827690125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/affix-grammar","display_name":"Affix grammar","score":0.5481317043304443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.4972420036792755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-language","display_name":"Formal language","score":0.48539766669273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mildly-context-sensitive-grammar-formalism","display_name":"Mildly context-sensitive grammar formalism","score":0.4808669686317444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rule-based-machine-translation","display_name":"Rule-based machine translation","score":0.4734385013580322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regular-grammar","display_name":"Regular grammar","score":0.46677154302597046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grammar-systems-theory","display_name":"Grammar systems theory","score":0.46220114827156067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.46202051639556885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/definite-clause-grammar","display_name":"Definite clause grammar","score":0.4575490355491638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extended-affix-grammar","display_name":"Extended Affix Grammar","score":0.44208580255508423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phrase-structure-grammar","display_name":"Phrase structure grammar","score":0.4275388717651367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context-free-grammar","display_name":"Context-free grammar","score":0.4098471403121948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emergent-grammar","display_name":"Emergent grammar","score":0.406390517950058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.36487725377082825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.2756003737449646}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7504327297210693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134083981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1754022","display_name":"Tree-adjoining grammar","level":4,"score":0.6542778015136719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164041254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q597455","display_name":"Attribute grammar","level":3,"score":0.6406193971633911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67621940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3113340","display_name":"L-attributed grammar","level":4,"score":0.6112249493598938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.580767035484314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125950753","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q908674","display_name":"Context-sensitive grammar","level":4,"score":0.5591899156570435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26022165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8091","display_name":"Grammar","level":2,"score":0.5568429827690125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80364944","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4689005","display_name":"Affix grammar","level":3,"score":0.5481317043304443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.4972420036792755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146072743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192161","display_name":"Formal language","level":2,"score":0.48539766669273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172265290","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6134957","display_name":"Mildly context-sensitive grammar formalism","level":4,"score":0.4808669686317444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53893814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7378909","display_name":"Rule-based machine translation","level":2,"score":0.4734385013580322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80191660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q645527","display_name":"Regular grammar","level":4,"score":0.46677154302597046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C500879282","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5593671","display_name":"Grammar systems theory","level":4,"score":0.46220114827156067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.46202051639556885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97169998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1582738","display_name":"Definite clause grammar","level":5,"score":0.4575490355491638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37734731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421802","display_name":"Extended Affix Grammar","level":4,"score":0.44208580255508423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29184939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134367","display_name":"Phrase structure grammar","level":4,"score":0.4275388717651367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97212296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q338047","display_name":"Context-free grammar","level":3,"score":0.4098471403121948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69298649","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6045214","display_name":"Emergent grammar","level":3,"score":0.406390517950058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.36487725377082825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.2756003737449646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2298/csis1002309c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2298/csis1002309c","pdf_url":"http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/ft.aspx?id=1820-02141002309C","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S206939107","display_name":"Computer Science and Information Systems","issn_l":"1820-0214","issn":["1820-0214","2406-1018"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321031","host_organization_name":"ComSIS Consortium","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321031"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["ComSIS Consortium"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Science and Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dk.um.si:IzpisGradiva.php?id=66722","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://dk.um.si/IzpisGradiva.php?id=66722","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196302","display_name":"University of Maribor digital library (University of Maribor)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I37696226","host_organization_name":"University of Maribor","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37696226"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Science and Information Systems, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 309-329, 2010.","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/report"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-01208373v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-01208373","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922466","display_name":"SPIRE - Sciences Po Institutional REpository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Computer Science and Information Systems, 2010, 7 (2), pp.309--329. ⟨10.2298/CSIS1002309C⟩","raw_type":"Journal articles"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doiserbia:1820-02141002309C","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.2298/CSIS1002309C","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400515","display_name":"Digital Object Identifier (DOI) Repository Serbia (National Library of Serbia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210142455","host_organization_name":"National Library of Serbia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142455"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":". 7(2) 309-329"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2298/csis1002309c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2298/csis1002309c","pdf_url":"http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/ft.aspx?id=1820-02141002309C","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S206939107","display_name":"Computer Science and Information Systems","issn_l":"1820-0214","issn":["1820-0214","2406-1018"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321031","host_organization_name":"ComSIS Consortium","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321031"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["ComSIS Consortium"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer Science and Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.8299999833106995,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2073262318.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2073262318.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W145203095","https://openalex.org/W168248273","https://openalex.org/W1493058706","https://openalex.org/W1505648523","https://openalex.org/W1531260926","https://openalex.org/W1721908487","https://openalex.org/W1967473537","https://openalex.org/W1973644349","https://openalex.org/W1984888766","https://openalex.org/W1990819668","https://openalex.org/W2013399578","https://openalex.org/W2014459598","https://openalex.org/W2014596857","https://openalex.org/W2018951244","https://openalex.org/W2024525178","https://openalex.org/W2024752144","https://openalex.org/W2045634931","https://openalex.org/W2048859977","https://openalex.org/W2048871000","https://openalex.org/W2066583243","https://openalex.org/W2080728147","https://openalex.org/W2096383607","https://openalex.org/W2104896892","https://openalex.org/W2140083133","https://openalex.org/W2145162376","https://openalex.org/W2799127318","https://openalex.org/W2913286805"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2169681196","https://openalex.org/W2015056322","https://openalex.org/W2087856961","https://openalex.org/W2913286805","https://openalex.org/W4293228709","https://openalex.org/W2149900475","https://openalex.org/W2126134344","https://openalex.org/W2023626778","https://openalex.org/W2134685785","https://openalex.org/W1967623847"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Grammar":[0],"metrics":[1,45,50,93],"have":[2],"been":[3],"introduced":[4],"to":[5,22,30],"measure":[6],"the":[7,10,13,24,48,60,65,73,89,92,98],"quality":[8],"and":[9,29,39,58,70,87],"complexity":[11],"of":[12,18,26,35,40,67,77,84,91,97],"formal":[14],"grammars.":[15],"The":[16],"aim":[17],"this":[19,68],"paper":[20],"is":[21],"explore":[23],"meaning":[25],"these":[27],"notions":[28],"experiment,":[31],"on":[32,54,59,72,88],"several":[33,95],"grammars":[34,76],"domain":[36,78],"specific":[37,79],"languages":[38,80,86],"general-purpose":[41,85],"languages,":[42],"existing":[43],"grammar":[44,55],"together":[46],"with":[47],"new":[49],"that":[51],"are":[52],"based":[53],"LR":[56],"automaton":[57],"language":[61],"recognized.":[62],"We":[63],"discuss":[64],"results":[66],"experiment":[69],"focus":[71],"comparison":[74],"between":[75,94],"as":[81,83],"well":[82],"evolution":[90],"versions":[96],"same":[99],"language.":[100]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}