{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404746781","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2024-11-26-1539","title":"Bosonic Pauli+: Efficient Simulation of Concatenated Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill Codes","display_name":"Bosonic Pauli+: Efficient Simulation of Concatenated Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill Codes","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-11-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404746781","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2024-11-26-1539"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.22331/q-2024-11-26-1539","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.22331/q-2024-11-26-1539","pdf_url":"https://quantum-journal.org/papers/q-2024-11-26-1539/pdf/","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226432","display_name":"Quantum","issn_l":"2521-327X","issn":["2521-327X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317900","host_organization_name":"Verein zur F\u00f6rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317900"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Verein zur F\u00f6rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quantum","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://quantum-journal.org/papers/q-2024-11-26-1539/pdf/","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112852577","display_name":"Florian Hopfmueller","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Florian Hopfmueller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nord Quantique, Sherbrooke, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nord Quantique, Sherbrooke, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039322992","display_name":"Maxime Tremblay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0868-0584"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maxime Tremblay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nord Quantique, Sherbrooke, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nord Quantique, Sherbrooke, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082571769","display_name":"Philippe St-Jean","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2072-0756"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Philippe St-Jean","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nord Quantique, Sherbrooke, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nord Quantique, Sherbrooke, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028768642","display_name":"Baptiste Royer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9695-8552"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135117807","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke","ror":"https://ror.org/00kybxq39","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135117807"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baptiste Royer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut Quantique and D\u00e9partment de Physique, Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut Quantique and D\u00e9partment de Physique, Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135117807"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085594311","display_name":"Marc-Antoine Lemonde","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6215-4932"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marc-Antoine Lemonde","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nord Quantique, Sherbrooke, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nord Quantique, Sherbrooke, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":200,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":215},"apc_paid":{"value":200,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":215},"fwci":0.6109,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75202169,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"1539","last_page":"1539"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11130","display_name":"Coding theory and cryptography","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10382","display_name":"Quantum and electron transport phenomena","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pauli-exclusion-principle","display_name":"Pauli exclusion principle","score":0.5354576110839844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pauli-matrices","display_name":"Pauli matrices","score":0.44216644763946533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.4103177785873413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.32022395730018616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.22103068232536316}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110340908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131594","display_name":"Pauli exclusion principle","level":2,"score":0.5354576110839844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180347388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336233","display_name":"Pauli matrices","level":2,"score":0.44216644763946533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.4103177785873413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.32022395730018616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.22103068232536316}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.22331/q-2024-11-26-1539","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.22331/q-2024-11-26-1539","pdf_url":"https://quantum-journal.org/papers/q-2024-11-26-1539/pdf/","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226432","display_name":"Quantum","issn_l":"2521-327X","issn":["2521-327X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317900","host_organization_name":"Verein zur F\u00f6rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317900"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Verein zur F\u00f6rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quantum","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f7416cd2d647498c8aa4155046b17bb8","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f7416cd2d647498c8aa4155046b17bb8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Quantum, Vol 8, p 1539 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.22331/q-2024-11-26-1539","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.22331/q-2024-11-26-1539","pdf_url":"https://quantum-journal.org/papers/q-2024-11-26-1539/pdf/","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226432","display_name":"Quantum","issn_l":"2521-327X","issn":["2521-327X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317900","host_organization_name":"Verein zur F\u00f6rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317900"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Verein zur F\u00f6rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quantum","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.44999998807907104,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G15480406","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W911NF2310045","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","funder_display_name":"Army Research Office"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","display_name":"Army Research Office","ror":"https://ror.org/05epdh915"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4404746781.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4404746781.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1969246646","https://openalex.org/W1984125696","https://openalex.org/W1985315536","https://openalex.org/W1988961156","https://openalex.org/W1995945562","https://openalex.org/W2019442644","https://openalex.org/W2030867075","https://openalex.org/W2042457049","https://openalex.org/W2047624417","https://openalex.org/W2052146120","https://openalex.org/W2060887031","https://openalex.org/W2068006129","https://openalex.org/W2091725015","https://openalex.org/W2093624148","https://openalex.org/W2105564187","https://openalex.org/W2132615898","https://openalex.org/W2154196599","https://openalex.org/W2258198008","https://openalex.org/W2268604949","https://openalex.org/W2415685462","https://openalex.org/W2804898954","https://openalex.org/W2809935594","https://openalex.org/W2884219781","https://openalex.org/W2891420142","https://openalex.org/W2893961856","https://openalex.org/W2967271828","https://openalex.org/W2990961515","https://openalex.org/W2995609186","https://openalex.org/W3060960901","https://openalex.org/W3080114133","https://openalex.org/W3085342944","https://openalex.org/W3100791777","https://openalex.org/W3102978009","https://openalex.org/W3103432454","https://openalex.org/W3104610595","https://openalex.org/W3105309716","https://openalex.org/W3111561052","https://openalex.org/W3135510046","https://openalex.org/W3174670458","https://openalex.org/W3181290353","https://openalex.org/W3212644089","https://openalex.org/W3212937333","https://openalex.org/W3213669959","https://openalex.org/W4200555288","https://openalex.org/W4210810680","https://openalex.org/W4211215025","https://openalex.org/W4220829233","https://openalex.org/W4226329192","https://openalex.org/W4312122816","https://openalex.org/W4321610982","https://openalex.org/W4353055437","https://openalex.org/W4380083869","https://openalex.org/W4380683241","https://openalex.org/W4382395217","https://openalex.org/W4389248275","https://openalex.org/W4390967679","https://openalex.org/W4392098438","https://openalex.org/W4393026571","https://openalex.org/W4394767028","https://openalex.org/W4400248457","https://openalex.org/W4401108727","https://openalex.org/W6765073254"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W4379113190","https://openalex.org/W2168346084","https://openalex.org/W1998488594","https://openalex.org/W2047506930","https://openalex.org/W50685416","https://openalex.org/W4380882198","https://openalex.org/W3147849747","https://openalex.org/W4383860573","https://openalex.org/W2973825790"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"promising":[1],"route":[2],"towards":[3],"fault-tolerant":[4],"quantum":[5,157],"error":[6,130],"correction":[7],"is":[8,143,175],"the":[9,37,66,84,88,95,104,113,118,138,141,167,170,183],"concatenation":[10],"of":[11,21,39,80,132,140,173,185],"a":[12,17,77,99],"Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill":[13],"(GKP)":[14],"code":[15,61],"with":[16,149],"qubit":[18],"code.":[19],"Development":[20],"such":[22,133],"concatenated":[23,49],"codes":[24,51],"requires":[25],"simulation":[26,46,184],"tools":[27,47],"which":[28,71],"realistically":[29],"model":[30,69],"noise,":[31],"while":[32,82],"being":[33],"able":[34],"to":[35,55,182],"simulate":[36],"dynamics":[38,86],"many":[40],"modes.":[41],"However,":[42],"so":[43],"far,":[44],"large-scale":[45],"for":[48,76,154,162],"GKP":[50,60,109,163],"have":[52],"been":[53],"limited":[54],"idealized":[56],"noise":[57],"models":[58],"and":[59,117,177],"implementations.":[62],"Here,":[63],"we":[64,127],"introduce":[65],"Bosonic":[67],"Pauli+":[68],"(BP+),":[70],"can":[72],"be":[73,179],"simulated":[74],"efficiently":[75],"large":[78],"number":[79],"modes,":[81],"capturing":[83],"rich":[85],"in":[87,137],"bosonic":[89,189],"multi-mode":[90],"Hilbert":[91],"space.":[92],"We":[93],"demonstrate":[94],"method":[96,142],"by":[97,145],"simulating":[98],"hybrid":[100],"surface":[101],"code,":[102],"where":[103],"data":[105],"qubits":[106,110,120,164],"are":[107,121],"finite-energy":[108],"stabilized":[111,165],"using":[112,166,187],"small-Big-small":[114],"(sBs)":[115],"protocol,":[116,169],"syndrome":[119],"standard":[122],"two-level":[123],"systems.":[124],"Using":[125],"BP+,":[126],"present":[128],"logical":[129],"rates":[131],"an":[134],"implementation.":[135],"Confidence":[136],"accuracy":[139],"gained":[144],"comparing":[146],"its":[147],"predictions":[148],"full":[150],"time":[151],"evolution":[152],"simulations":[153],"several":[155],"relevant":[156],"circuits.":[158],"While":[159],"developed":[160],"specifically":[161],"sBs":[168],"mathematical":[171],"structure":[172],"BP+":[174],"generic":[176],"may":[178],"applicable":[180],"also":[181],"concatenations":[186],"other":[188],"codes.":[190]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
