{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387473752","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2023-10-10-1133","title":"Quantifying Grover speed-ups beyond asymptotic analysis","display_name":"Quantifying Grover speed-ups beyond asymptotic analysis","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387473752","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2023-10-10-1133"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.22331/q-2023-10-10-1133","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2023-10-10-1133","pdf_url":"https://quantum-journal.org/papers/q-2023-10-10-1133/pdf/","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226432","display_name":"Quantum","issn_l":"2521-327X","issn":["2521-327X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317900","host_organization_name":"Verein zur F\u00f6rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317900"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Verein zur F\u00f6rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quantum","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://quantum-journal.org/papers/q-2023-10-10-1133/pdf/","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086113091","display_name":"Chris Cade","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099082","display_name":"QuSoft","ror":"https://ror.org/00zq3ce72","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099082"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887064364","display_name":"University of Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/04dkp9463","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chris Cade","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fermioniq, Amsterdam, the Netherlands","QuSoft & University of Amsterdam (UvA), Amsterdam, the Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fermioniq, Amsterdam, the Netherlands","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"QuSoft & University of Amsterdam (UvA), Amsterdam, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099082","https://openalex.org/I887064364"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082101438","display_name":"Marten Folkertsma","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341640284","display_name":"Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica","ror":"https://ror.org/00x7ekv49","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341640284","https://openalex.org/I2800991832","https://openalex.org/I4405262988"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099082","display_name":"QuSoft","ror":"https://ror.org/00zq3ce72","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099082"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marten Folkertsma","raw_affiliation_strings":["QuSoft & CWI, Amsterdam, the Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"QuSoft & CWI, Amsterdam, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341640284","https://openalex.org/I4210099082"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005865212","display_name":"Ido Niesen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099082","display_name":"QuSoft","ror":"https://ror.org/00zq3ce72","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099082"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887064364","display_name":"University of Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/04dkp9463","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ido Niesen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fermioniq, Amsterdam, the Netherlands","QuSoft & University of Amsterdam (UvA), Amsterdam, the Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fermioniq, Amsterdam, the Netherlands","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"QuSoft & University of Amsterdam (UvA), Amsterdam, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099082","https://openalex.org/I887064364"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020991121","display_name":"Jordi Weggemans","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341640284","display_name":"Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica","ror":"https://ror.org/00x7ekv49","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341640284","https://openalex.org/I2800991832","https://openalex.org/I4405262988"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099082","display_name":"QuSoft","ror":"https://ror.org/00zq3ce72","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099082"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jordi Weggemans","raw_affiliation_strings":["QuSoft & CWI, Amsterdam, the Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"QuSoft & CWI, Amsterdam, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341640284","https://openalex.org/I4210099082"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":200,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":215},"apc_paid":{"value":200,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":215},"fwci":0.6345,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73688377,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"1133","last_page":"1133"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12101","display_name":"Advanced Bandit Algorithms Research","score":0.986299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic","display_name":"Heuristic","score":0.7184591889381409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6415583491325378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emulation","display_name":"Emulation","score":0.6307044625282288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-algorithm","display_name":"Quantum algorithm","score":0.6285719871520996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.6168981790542603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5466128587722778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constant","display_name":"Constant (computer programming)","score":0.5199407339096069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-and-lower-bounds","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","score":0.47701549530029297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-phase-estimation-algorithm","display_name":"Quantum phase estimation algorithm","score":0.46325287222862244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.44485020637512207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3152514100074768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1310318410396576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.11248421669006348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-error-correction","display_name":"Quantum error correction","score":0.10295718908309937}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173801870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201413","display_name":"Heuristic","level":2,"score":0.7184591889381409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6415583491325378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149810388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5374873","display_name":"Emulation","level":2,"score":0.6307044625282288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137019171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2623817","display_name":"Quantum algorithm","level":3,"score":0.6285719871520996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.6168981790542603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5466128587722778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777027219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1284190","display_name":"Constant (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.5199407339096069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.47701549530029297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192122513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2835770","display_name":"Quantum phase estimation algorithm","level":5,"score":0.46325287222862244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.44485020637512207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3152514100074768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1310318410396576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.11248421669006348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51003876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1536431","display_name":"Quantum error correction","level":4,"score":0.10295718908309937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.22331/q-2023-10-10-1133","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2023-10-10-1133","pdf_url":"https://quantum-journal.org/papers/q-2023-10-10-1133/pdf/","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226432","display_name":"Quantum","issn_l":"2521-327X","issn":["2521-327X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317900","host_organization_name":"Verein zur F\u00f6rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317900"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Verein zur F\u00f6rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quantum","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cwi.nl:33525","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ir.cwi.nl/pub/33525","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055335","display_name":"Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica (CWI), the national research institute for mathematics and computer science in the Netherlands","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Quantum vol. 7","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c838bb4a4c254a359220a5775c309e37","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c838bb4a4c254a359220a5775c309e37","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Quantum, Vol 7, p 1133 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.22331/q-2023-10-10-1133","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2023-10-10-1133","pdf_url":"https://quantum-journal.org/papers/q-2023-10-10-1133/pdf/","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226432","display_name":"Quantum","issn_l":"2521-327X","issn":["2521-327X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317900","host_organization_name":"Verein zur F\u00f6rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317900"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Verein zur F\u00f6rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quantum","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387473752.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W166744128","https://openalex.org/W1567553843","https://openalex.org/W1645032862","https://openalex.org/W1664892625","https://openalex.org/W1966119405","https://openalex.org/W1982562599","https://openalex.org/W2020918964","https://openalex.org/W2030723843","https://openalex.org/W2077969214","https://openalex.org/W2131681506","https://openalex.org/W2153887174","https://openalex.org/W2173249896","https://openalex.org/W2254754114","https://openalex.org/W2307100784","https://openalex.org/W2566002283","https://openalex.org/W2739607635","https://openalex.org/W2790668893","https://openalex.org/W2897249806","https://openalex.org/W2897906876","https://openalex.org/W2903058119","https://openalex.org/W2946053196","https://openalex.org/W2963551170","https://openalex.org/W2965705540","https://openalex.org/W2995057155","https://openalex.org/W3045800111","https://openalex.org/W3089141342","https://openalex.org/W3098397564","https://openalex.org/W3099768174","https://openalex.org/W3100122058","https://openalex.org/W3100894865","https://openalex.org/W3102161549","https://openalex.org/W3102773744","https://openalex.org/W3104737685","https://openalex.org/W3106188259","https://openalex.org/W3139898386","https://openalex.org/W3175356931","https://openalex.org/W3182253249","https://openalex.org/W3184837229","https://openalex.org/W4221159722","https://openalex.org/W4285390635","https://openalex.org/W4353007627","https://openalex.org/W6912350205"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2566913519","https://openalex.org/W3136237069","https://openalex.org/W1980834277","https://openalex.org/W2738036923","https://openalex.org/W4387123097","https://openalex.org/W3203856319","https://openalex.org/W4225806567","https://openalex.org/W2169599974","https://openalex.org/W3183333684","https://openalex.org/W2138874081"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Run-times":[0],"of":[1,39,53,109,120,160,172,197,208,222,245],"quantum":[2,69,103,122,162,170,200,212,240],"algorithms":[3,26,104,175,233],"are":[4,81],"often":[5,18],"studied":[6,235],"via":[7],"an":[8,87,145,205,253,275],"asymptotic,":[9],"worst-case":[10,30,195],"analysis.":[11],"Whilst":[12],"useful,":[13],"such":[14,256],"a":[15,28,54,68,72,246],"comparison":[16],"can":[17,64,271],"fall":[19],"short:":[20],"it":[21,45,128,151],"is":[22,46],"not":[23,237],"uncommon":[24],"for":[25,59,138,176],"with":[27,93,204],"large":[29,140],"run-time":[31,51,119],"to":[32,48,50,167],"end":[33],"up":[34],"performing":[35],"well":[36],"on":[37,67,155,191],"instances":[38],"practical":[40],"interest.":[41],"To":[42,132],"remedy":[43],"this":[44,83,134,263],"necessary":[47],"resort":[49],"analyses":[52],"more":[55],"empirical":[56,254],"nature,":[57],"which":[58],"sufficiently":[60],"small":[61],"input":[62,77,141],"sizes":[63],"be":[65,221,272],"performed":[66],"device":[70],"or":[71],"simulation":[73],"thereof.":[74],"For":[75],"larger":[76],"sizes,":[78,142],"alternative":[79],"approaches":[80],"required.In":[82],"paper":[84,264],"we":[85,143,227,234,260],"consider":[86],"approach":[88],"that":[89,97,150,229,252,270],"combines":[90],"classical":[91,107,173,231],"emulation":[92],"detailed":[94],"complexity":[95,159],"bounds":[96,154,187],"include":[98],"all":[99,189],"constants.":[100],"We":[101],"simulate":[102],"by":[105,274],"running":[106],"versions":[108],"the":[110,118,121,156,161,178,192,230,243,258],"sub-routines,":[111],"whilst":[112],"simultaneously":[113],"collecting":[114],"information":[115],"about":[116],"what":[117],"routine":[123],"would":[124],"have":[125],"been":[126],"if":[127],"were":[129],"run":[130],"instead.":[131],"do":[133],"accurately":[135],"and":[136,148,194,211,219],"efficiently":[137],"very":[139],"describe":[144],"estimation":[146],"procedure":[147],"prove":[149],"obtains":[152],"upper":[153],"true":[157],"expected":[158],"algorithms.We":[163],"apply":[164],"our":[165],"method":[166],"some":[168],"simple":[169],"speedups":[171,241],"heuristic":[174,232],"solving":[177],"well-studied":[179],"MAX-<mml:math":[180],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mml:mi>k</mml:mi></mml:math>-SAT":[181],"optimization":[182],"problem.":[183],"This":[184,250],"requires":[185],"rigorous":[186],"(including":[188],"constants)":[190],"expected-":[193],"complexities":[196],"two":[198],"important":[199],"sub-routines:":[201],"Grover":[202],"search":[203],"unknown":[206],"number":[207],"marked":[209],"items,":[210],"maximum-finding.":[213],"These":[214],"improve":[215],"upon":[216],"existing":[217],"results":[218],"might":[220],"broader":[223],"interest.Amongst":[224],"other":[225],"results,":[226],"found":[228],"did":[236],"offer":[238],"significant":[239],"despite":[242],"existence":[244],"theoretical":[247],"per-step":[248],"speedup.":[249],"suggests":[251],"analysis":[255,277],"as":[257],"one":[259],"implement":[261],"in":[262],"already":[265],"yields":[266],"insights":[267],"beyond":[268],"those":[269],"seen":[273],"asymptotic":[276],"alone.":[278]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
