{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3164133741","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2023-09-25-1120","title":"Testing symmetry on quantum computers","display_name":"Testing symmetry on quantum computers","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3164133741","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2023-09-25-1120","mag":"3164133741"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.22331/q-2023-09-25-1120","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2023-09-25-1120","pdf_url":"https://quantum-journal.org/papers/q-2023-09-25-1120/pdf/","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226432","display_name":"Quantum","issn_l":"2521-327X","issn":["2521-327X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317900","host_organization_name":"Verein zur F\u00f6rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317900"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Verein zur F\u00f6rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quantum","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://quantum-journal.org/papers/q-2023-09-25-1120/pdf/","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005116430","display_name":"Margarite L. LaBorde","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9754-1468"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121820613","display_name":"Louisiana State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ect4e57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121820613"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Margarite L. LaBorde","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hearne Institute for Theoretical Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Center for Computation and Technology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9754-1468","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hearne Institute for Theoretical Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Center for Computation and Technology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121820613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059941531","display_name":"Soorya Rethinasamy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8849-3748"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121820613","display_name":"Louisiana State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ect4e57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121820613"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Soorya Rethinasamy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hearne Institute for Theoretical Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Center for Computation and Technology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA","School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8849-3748","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hearne Institute for Theoretical Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Center for Computation and Technology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121820613"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037632925","display_name":"Mark M. Wilde","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3916-4462"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121820613","display_name":"Louisiana State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ect4e57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121820613"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark M. Wilde","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hearne Institute for Theoretical Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Center for Computation and Technology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA","School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3916-4462","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hearne Institute for Theoretical Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Center for Computation and Technology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121820613"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":200,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":215},"apc_paid":{"value":200,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":215},"fwci":2.2843,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90110547,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"1120","last_page":"1120"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10622","display_name":"Quantum Mechanics and Applications","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-algorithm","display_name":"Quantum algorithm","score":0.5887413620948792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5640748143196106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-computer","display_name":"Quantum computer","score":0.5374472737312317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-state","display_name":"Quantum state","score":0.5056118965148926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.44862160086631775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4472801685333252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.44228479266166687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-machine-learning","display_name":"Quantum machine learning","score":0.41135725378990173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3247080445289612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.2624562084674835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1896900236606598}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137019171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2623817","display_name":"Quantum algorithm","level":3,"score":0.5887413620948792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5640748143196106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58053490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176555","display_name":"Quantum computer","level":3,"score":0.5374472737312317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15706264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q230883","display_name":"Quantum state","level":3,"score":0.5056118965148926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.44862160086631775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4472801685333252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.44228479266166687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779094486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18811578","display_name":"Quantum machine learning","level":4,"score":0.41135725378990173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3247080445289612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.2624562084674835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1896900236606598}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.22331/q-2023-09-25-1120","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2023-09-25-1120","pdf_url":"https://quantum-journal.org/papers/q-2023-09-25-1120/pdf/","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226432","display_name":"Quantum","issn_l":"2521-327X","issn":["2521-327X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317900","host_organization_name":"Verein zur F\u00f6rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317900"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Verein zur F\u00f6rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quantum","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2105.12758","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2105.12758","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2105.12758","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ecdf8f70f94d468f8b2989b54ff35a3f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ecdf8f70f94d468f8b2989b54ff35a3f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Quantum, Vol 7, p 1120 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.22331/q-2023-09-25-1120","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2023-09-25-1120","pdf_url":"https://quantum-journal.org/papers/q-2023-09-25-1120/pdf/","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226432","display_name":"Quantum","issn_l":"2521-327X","issn":["2521-327X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317900","host_organization_name":"Verein zur F\u00f6rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317900"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Verein zur F\u00f6rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quantum","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G428935553","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2315398","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3164133741.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":100,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W91728630","https://openalex.org/W1505437954","https://openalex.org/W1613727179","https://openalex.org/W1621050367","https://openalex.org/W1631356911","https://openalex.org/W1785526227","https://openalex.org/W1800240078","https://openalex.org/W1837750740","https://openalex.org/W1950884227","https://openalex.org/W1968165454","https://openalex.org/W1987403959","https://openalex.org/W1997274114","https://openalex.org/W2002971740","https://openalex.org/W2007229782","https://openalex.org/W2007264979","https://openalex.org/W2014041755","https://openalex.org/W2016990905","https://openalex.org/W2025452538","https://openalex.org/W2042134536","https://openalex.org/W2044562636","https://openalex.org/W2044949772","https://openalex.org/W2046716184","https://openalex.org/W2047642496","https://openalex.org/W2049471987","https://openalex.org/W2057065544","https://openalex.org/W2058701696","https://openalex.org/W2060887031","https://openalex.org/W2062292260","https://openalex.org/W2066438455","https://openalex.org/W2071880083","https://openalex.org/W2075809190","https://openalex.org/W2076068770","https://openalex.org/W2078562342","https://openalex.org/W2084575582","https://openalex.org/W2085208370","https://openalex.org/W2093203498","https://openalex.org/W2094626706","https://openalex.org/W2107319389","https://openalex.org/W2107914128","https://openalex.org/W2109437253","https://openalex.org/W2114473497","https://openalex.org/W2116560510","https://openalex.org/W2120279343","https://openalex.org/W2126603822","https://openalex.org/W2130552983","https://openalex.org/W2135650458","https://openalex.org/W2139995600","https://openalex.org/W2140622323","https://openalex.org/W2141107613","https://openalex.org/W2148115906","https://openalex.org/W2260817540","https://openalex.org/W2266502407","https://openalex.org/W2296319761","https://openalex.org/W2503161983","https://openalex.org/W2519383683","https://openalex.org/W2595090535","https://openalex.org/W2794850800","https://openalex.org/W2804172638","https://openalex.org/W2808319042","https://openalex.org/W2963888398","https://openalex.org/W2968611999","https://openalex.org/W2990882669","https://openalex.org/W2990961515","https://openalex.org/W3037637275","https://openalex.org/W3037737784","https://openalex.org/W3098084575","https://openalex.org/W3098995074","https://openalex.org/W3101305239","https://openalex.org/W3101663526","https://openalex.org/W3101678819","https://openalex.org/W3101747677","https://openalex.org/W3102035487","https://openalex.org/W3106347326","https://openalex.org/W3111162498","https://openalex.org/W3113117485","https://openalex.org/W3122807609","https://openalex.org/W3128914570","https://openalex.org/W3136233239","https://openalex.org/W3141881961","https://openalex.org/W3143400115","https://openalex.org/W3188877029","https://openalex.org/W3189250281","https://openalex.org/W3190092399","https://openalex.org/W3194247052","https://openalex.org/W3196399691","https://openalex.org/W3199543116","https://openalex.org/W3203438054","https://openalex.org/W3213289548","https://openalex.org/W4206841129","https://openalex.org/W4210745302","https://openalex.org/W4213212652","https://openalex.org/W4236541507","https://openalex.org/W4248555592","https://openalex.org/W4250589301","https://openalex.org/W4293264004","https://openalex.org/W4295863373","https://openalex.org/W4306176816","https://openalex.org/W4307492550","https://openalex.org/W4327556899","https://openalex.org/W4379648498"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2944417983","https://openalex.org/W4289534122","https://openalex.org/W2910123824","https://openalex.org/W4388704119","https://openalex.org/W4388703658","https://openalex.org/W3132418032","https://openalex.org/W4285326889","https://openalex.org/W2906136444","https://openalex.org/W4385662062","https://openalex.org/W4362682022"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Symmetry":[0],"is":[1,13,100,132,244],"a":[2,33,36,94,101,120,146,191],"unifying":[3],"concept":[4],"in":[5,217,225],"physics.":[6],"In":[7],"quantum":[8,16,75,82,105,121,166,184,188,204],"information":[9],"and":[10,47,58,84,103,206,209,221,282],"beyond,":[11],"it":[12],"known":[14],"that":[15,30,45,50,77,98,125,212,232,272],"states":[17,29,49,83],"possessing":[18],"symmetry":[19,80,92,114],"are":[20,39,51,54,279],"not":[21,40,55,60],"useful":[22,41,61,245],"for":[23,42,62,110,161,198,246,253],"certain":[24],"information-processing":[25],"tasks.":[26],"For":[27,86],"example,":[28],"commute":[31],"with":[32,190,268],"Hamiltonian":[34],"realizing":[35],"time":[37],"evolution":[38],"timekeeping":[43],"during":[44],"evolution,":[46],"bipartite":[48],"highly":[52],"extendible":[53],"strongly":[56],"entangled":[57],"thus":[59,144,283],"basic":[63],"tasks":[64],"like":[65],"teleportation.":[66],"Motivated":[67],"by":[68,178,240],"this":[69,71,196],"perspective,":[70],"paper":[72],"details":[73],"several":[74],"algorithms":[76,159,174,214,252,278],"test":[78,160],"the":[79,87,108,117,126,135,140,158,170,180,187,202,213,218,226,233,248,263,269,273,277,287],"of":[81,89,93,113,119,129,139,157,165,172,250,262,266,276],"channels.":[85],"case":[88,220],"testing":[90],"Bose":[91],"state,":[95],"we":[96,210,258],"show":[97,231],"there":[99],"simple":[102],"efficient":[104],"algorithm,":[106],"while":[107],"tests":[109],"other":[111],"kinds":[112],"rely":[115],"on":[116,175],"aid":[118],"prover.":[122],"We":[123,168,194,229],"prove":[124],"acceptance":[127,274],"probability":[128],"each":[130],"algorithm":[131],"equal":[133],"to":[134,150,183],"maximum":[136,234],"symmetric":[137,235],"fidelity":[138],"state":[141],"being":[142,271],"tested,":[143],"giving":[145],"firm":[147],"operational":[148],"meaning":[149],"these":[151,173,251],"latter":[152],"resource":[153,264,280],"quantifiers.":[154],"Special":[155],"cases":[156],"incoherence":[162],"or":[163],"separability":[164],"states.":[167],"evaluate":[169],"performance":[171,249],"choice":[176],"examples":[177,200],"using":[179,201],"variational":[181],"approach":[182,197],"algorithms,":[185],"replacing":[186],"prover":[189],"parameterized":[192],"circuit.":[193],"demonstrate":[195],"numerous":[199],"IBM":[203],"noiseless":[205,219],"noisy":[207,227],"simulators,":[208],"observe":[211],"perform":[215],"well":[216,284],"exhibit":[222],"noise":[223],"resilience":[224],"case.":[228],"also":[230],"fidelities":[236],"can":[237],"be":[238],"calculated":[239],"semi-definite":[241],"programs,":[242],"which":[243],"benchmarking":[247],"sufficiently":[254],"small":[255],"examples.":[256],"Finally,":[257],"establish":[259],"various":[260],"generalizations":[261],"theory":[265],"asymmetry,":[267],"upshot":[270],"probabilities":[275],"monotones":[281],"motivated":[285],"from":[286],"resource-theoretic":[288],"perspective.":[289]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}