{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4376862099","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2023-05-15-1005","title":"Bias-tailored quantum LDPC codes","display_name":"Bias-tailored quantum LDPC codes","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-05-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4376862099","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2023-05-15-1005"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.22331/q-2023-05-15-1005","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2023-05-15-1005","pdf_url":"https://quantum-journal.org/papers/q-2023-05-15-1005/pdf/","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226432","display_name":"Quantum","issn_l":"2521-327X","issn":["2521-327X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317900","host_organization_name":"Verein zur F\u00f6rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317900"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Verein zur F\u00f6rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quantum","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","datacite","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://quantum-journal.org/papers/q-2023-05-15-1005/pdf/","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027437078","display_name":"Joschka Roffe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9202-1156"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75951250","display_name":"Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/046ak2485","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75951250"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91136226","display_name":"University of Sheffield","ror":"https://ror.org/05krs5044","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}],"countries":["DE","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joschka Roffe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dahlem Center for Complex Quantum Systems, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany","Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9202-1156","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dahlem Center for Complex Quantum Systems, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75951250"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067743724","display_name":"Lawrence Z. Cohen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2595-4081"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"The University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129739","display_name":"ARC Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/03rtykw43","country_code":"AU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1337719021","https://openalex.org/I165143802","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4210129739","https://openalex.org/I4210132349"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lawrence Z. Cohen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Engineered Quantum Systems, School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Engineered Quantum Systems, School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129739","https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069063208","display_name":"Armanda O. Quintavalle","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087022","display_name":"Riverlane (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/001377z89","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087022"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91136226","display_name":"University of Sheffield","ror":"https://ror.org/05krs5044","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Armanda O. Quintavalle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom","Riverlane, Cambridge CB2 3BZ, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Riverlane, Cambridge CB2 3BZ, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087022"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051019799","display_name":"Daryus Chandra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2406-7229"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","display_name":"University of Southampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01ryk1543","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daryus Chandra","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102819310","display_name":"Earl T. Campbell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5627-0021"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087022","display_name":"Riverlane (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/001377z89","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087022"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114455","display_name":"Cambridge Quantum Computing (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/024779x77","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114455"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91136226","display_name":"University of Sheffield","ror":"https://ror.org/05krs5044","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Earl T. Campbell","raw_affiliation_strings":["AWS Center for Quantum Computing, Cambridge CB1 2GA, United Kingdom","Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom","Riverlane, Cambridge CB2 3BZ, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AWS Center for Quantum Computing, Cambridge CB1 2GA, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114455"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Riverlane, Cambridge CB2 3BZ, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087022"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":200,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":215},"apc_paid":{"value":535,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":576},"fwci":5.8738,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":39,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96958815,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"1005","last_page":"1005"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-density-parity-check-code","display_name":"Low-density parity-check code","score":0.7562774419784546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5386905670166016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5122677683830261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turbo-code","display_name":"Turbo code","score":0.497773677110672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.4569246768951416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qubit","display_name":"Qubit","score":0.4452706575393677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.3452374339103699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3431147336959839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2687545418739319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.15557080507278442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.14479276537895203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.06527534127235413}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67692717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187444","display_name":"Low-density parity-check code","level":3,"score":0.7562774419784546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5386905670166016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5122677683830261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114504821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2164281","display_name":"Turbo code","level":3,"score":0.497773677110672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.4569246768951416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203087015","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q378201","display_name":"Qubit","level":3,"score":0.4452706575393677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.3452374339103699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3431147336959839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2687545418739319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.15557080507278442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.14479276537895203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.06527534127235413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.22331/q-2023-05-15-1005","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2023-05-15-1005","pdf_url":"https://quantum-journal.org/papers/q-2023-05-15-1005/pdf/","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226432","display_name":"Quantum","issn_l":"2521-327X","issn":["2521-327X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317900","host_organization_name":"Verein zur F\u00f6rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317900"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Verein zur F\u00f6rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quantum","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:refubium.fu-berlin.de:fub188/39590","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/39590","pdf_url":"https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/bitstream/fub188/39590/1/q-2023-05-15-1005.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402444","display_name":"Refubium (Universit\u00e4tsbibliothek der Freien Universit\u00e4t Berlin)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I75951250","host_organization_name":"Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75951250"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"doc-type:article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3898e24f64c34117a0918309a15a5aa4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3898e24f64c34117a0918309a15a5aa4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Quantum, Vol 7, p 1005 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"doi:10.17169/refubium-39308","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17169/refubium-39308","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052913","display_name":"Universit\u00e4tsbibliothek der FU Berlin Hochschulschriftenstelle u. Dokumentenserver","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.22331/q-2023-05-15-1005","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2023-05-15-1005","pdf_url":"https://quantum-journal.org/papers/q-2023-05-15-1005/pdf/","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226432","display_name":"Quantum","issn_l":"2521-327X","issn":["2521-327X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317900","host_organization_name":"Verein zur F\u00f6rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317900"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Verein zur F\u00f6rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quantum","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4376862099.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":88,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W142413548","https://openalex.org/W1970302872","https://openalex.org/W1971261557","https://openalex.org/W1972603977","https://openalex.org/W1973712217","https://openalex.org/W1995875735","https://openalex.org/W1999706070","https://openalex.org/W2011301426","https://openalex.org/W2042474962","https://openalex.org/W2045176588","https://openalex.org/W2060887031","https://openalex.org/W2062794279","https://openalex.org/W2077360472","https://openalex.org/W2087977439","https://openalex.org/W2088636071","https://openalex.org/W2102251435","https://openalex.org/W2103353540","https://openalex.org/W2114207424","https://openalex.org/W2119319086","https://openalex.org/W2128765501","https://openalex.org/W2137813581","https://openalex.org/W2146292423","https://openalex.org/W2150498905","https://openalex.org/W2152338767","https://openalex.org/W2156938362","https://openalex.org/W2163319603","https://openalex.org/W2164424155","https://openalex.org/W2415710521","https://openalex.org/W2616493737","https://openalex.org/W2619719596","https://openalex.org/W2750849968","https://openalex.org/W2798586155","https://openalex.org/W2804113880","https://openalex.org/W2901383498","https://openalex.org/W2909576504","https://openalex.org/W2942934279","https://openalex.org/W2946582523","https://openalex.org/W2963127785","https://openalex.org/W2966024742","https://openalex.org/W2982169647","https://openalex.org/W3003257820","https://openalex.org/W3019236876","https://openalex.org/W3025282692","https://openalex.org/W3034656131","https://openalex.org/W3046950999","https://openalex.org/W3085306040","https://openalex.org/W3088153896","https://openalex.org/W3089458228","https://openalex.org/W3091107597","https://openalex.org/W3100060644","https://openalex.org/W3100736866","https://openalex.org/W3101128097","https://openalex.org/W3101138878","https://openalex.org/W3101551690","https://openalex.org/W3101716590","https://openalex.org/W3102245096","https://openalex.org/W3102818703","https://openalex.org/W3105360547","https://openalex.org/W3105835575","https://openalex.org/W3111561052","https://openalex.org/W3112808256","https://openalex.org/W3112993639","https://openalex.org/W3155795538","https://openalex.org/W3159435673","https://openalex.org/W3172819695","https://openalex.org/W3173707026","https://openalex.org/W3182013816","https://openalex.org/W3190051394","https://openalex.org/W3199789432","https://openalex.org/W3203141358","https://openalex.org/W3204926734","https://openalex.org/W3205637696","https://openalex.org/W3206809046","https://openalex.org/W3207755657","https://openalex.org/W3213933684","https://openalex.org/W3216521614","https://openalex.org/W4206182345","https://openalex.org/W4210614344","https://openalex.org/W4226409576","https://openalex.org/W4233756358","https://openalex.org/W4281396526","https://openalex.org/W4285277931","https://openalex.org/W4300786906","https://openalex.org/W4318685254","https://openalex.org/W4320561180","https://openalex.org/W4381572759","https://openalex.org/W4385644050","https://openalex.org/W4386254860"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2903058006","https://openalex.org/W2102374550","https://openalex.org/W2047069332","https://openalex.org/W2352157218","https://openalex.org/W4213381250","https://openalex.org/W2806845321","https://openalex.org/W2169710030","https://openalex.org/W2126543779","https://openalex.org/W2147429396","https://openalex.org/W2391555801"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Bias-tailoring":[0],"allows":[1],"quantum":[2,39],"error":[3,118],"correction":[4],"codes":[5,44,79,84,109],"to":[6,61,121],"exploit":[7],"qubit":[8],"noise":[9],"asymmetry.":[10],"Recently,":[11],"it":[12],"was":[13],"shown":[14],"that":[15,38,57,107],"a":[16,51,91],"modified":[17],"form":[18],"of":[19,68,75,113],"the":[20,23,59,66],"surface":[21],"code,":[22,25],"XZZX":[24],"exhibits":[26],"considerably":[27],"improved":[28],"performance":[29,89],"under":[30,103],"biased":[31],"noise.":[32,123],"In":[33],"this":[34],"work,":[35],"we":[36],"demonstrate":[37],"low":[40],"density":[41],"parity":[42],"check":[43],"can":[45],"be":[46],"similarly":[47],"bias-tailored.":[48],"We":[49,72],"introduce":[50],"bias-tailored":[52,76,108],"lifted":[53,77],"product":[54,78],"code":[55],"construction":[56],"provides":[58],"framework":[60],"expand":[62],"bias-tailoring":[63],"methods":[64],"beyond":[65],"family":[67],"2D":[69],"topological":[70],"codes.":[71],"present":[73],"examples":[74],"based":[80],"on":[81],"classical":[82],"quasi-cyclic":[83],"and":[85],"numerically":[86],"assess":[87],"their":[88,117],"using":[90],"belief":[92],"propagation":[93],"plus":[94],"ordered":[95],"statistics":[96],"decoder.":[97],"Our":[98],"Monte":[99],"Carlo":[100],"simulations,":[101],"performed":[102],"asymmetric":[104],"noise,":[105],"show":[106],"achieve":[110],"several":[111],"orders":[112],"magnitude":[114],"improvement":[115],"in":[116],"suppression":[119],"relative":[120],"depolarising":[122]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
