{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4303986970","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2022-10-06-829","title":"State Preparation Boosters for Early Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computation","display_name":"State Preparation Boosters for Early Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computation","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4303986970","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2022-10-06-829"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.22331/q-2022-10-06-829","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2022-10-06-829","pdf_url":"https://quantum-journal.org/papers/q-2022-10-06-829/pdf/","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226432","display_name":"Quantum","issn_l":"2521-327X","issn":["2521-327X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317900","host_organization_name":"Verein zur F\u00f6rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317900"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Verein zur F\u00f6rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quantum","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://quantum-journal.org/papers/q-2022-10-06-829/pdf/","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101477058","display_name":"Guoming Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3131-6916"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guoming Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zapata Computing Canada Inc., 25 Adelaide St E, Suite 1500, Toronto, ON M5C 3A1, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zapata Computing Canada Inc., 25 Adelaide St E, Suite 1500, Toronto, ON M5C 3A1, Canada","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071358233","display_name":"Sukin Sim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5324-5165"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111877","display_name":"Zapata (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01bhrtv82","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111877"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sukin Sim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zapata Computing Inc., 100 Federal Street, 20th Floor, Boston, MA 02110, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zapata Computing Inc., 100 Federal Street, 20th Floor, Boston, MA 02110, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111877"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034356857","display_name":"Peter D. Johnson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3470-1246"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111877","display_name":"Zapata (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01bhrtv82","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111877"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter D. Johnson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zapata Computing Inc., 100 Federal Street, 20th Floor, Boston, MA 02110, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zapata Computing Inc., 100 Federal Street, 20th Floor, Boston, MA 02110, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111877"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":200,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":215},"apc_paid":{"value":200,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":215},"fwci":2.4972,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90760812,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":null,"first_page":"829","last_page":"829"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10382","display_name":"Quantum and electron transport phenomena","score":0.9890999794006348,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-computer","display_name":"Quantum computer","score":0.6805519461631775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6717054843902588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-state","display_name":"Ground state","score":0.6240772008895874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5328068733215332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/booster","display_name":"Booster (rocketry)","score":0.49923038482666016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.48846569657325745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supercomputer","display_name":"Supercomputer","score":0.45081764459609985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-algorithm","display_name":"Quantum algorithm","score":0.43770238757133484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-science","display_name":"Computational science","score":0.39955949783325195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.388357937335968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.2675892412662506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.19112339615821838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.15433380007743835}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58053490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176555","display_name":"Quantum computer","level":3,"score":0.6805519461631775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6717054843902588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69523127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4480008","display_name":"Ground state","level":2,"score":0.6240772008895874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5328068733215332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203165030","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q741745","display_name":"Booster (rocketry)","level":2,"score":0.49923038482666016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.48846569657325745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83283714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121117","display_name":"Supercomputer","level":2,"score":0.45081764459609985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137019171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2623817","display_name":"Quantum algorithm","level":3,"score":0.43770238757133484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C459310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117801","display_name":"Computational science","level":1,"score":0.39955949783325195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.388357937335968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.2675892412662506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.19112339615821838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.15433380007743835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.22331/q-2022-10-06-829","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2022-10-06-829","pdf_url":"https://quantum-journal.org/papers/q-2022-10-06-829/pdf/","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226432","display_name":"Quantum","issn_l":"2521-327X","issn":["2521-327X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317900","host_organization_name":"Verein zur F\u00f6rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317900"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Verein zur F\u00f6rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quantum","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b7af55ca67c34dd59b09d5a7bc6c651f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b7af55ca67c34dd59b09d5a7bc6c651f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Quantum, Vol 6, p 829 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.22331/q-2022-10-06-829","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2022-10-06-829","pdf_url":"https://quantum-journal.org/papers/q-2022-10-06-829/pdf/","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226432","display_name":"Quantum","issn_l":"2521-327X","issn":["2521-327X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317900","host_organization_name":"Verein zur F\u00f6rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317900"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Verein zur F\u00f6rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quantum","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4303986970.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4303986970.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1998217267","https://openalex.org/W2052891002","https://openalex.org/W2065768518","https://openalex.org/W2082404199","https://openalex.org/W2084019889","https://openalex.org/W2151365767","https://openalex.org/W2161685427","https://openalex.org/W2257937122","https://openalex.org/W2791899439","https://openalex.org/W2794444783","https://openalex.org/W2803208764","https://openalex.org/W2895777514","https://openalex.org/W2895995157","https://openalex.org/W2906538035","https://openalex.org/W2907827190","https://openalex.org/W2972223037","https://openalex.org/W2984279929","https://openalex.org/W3008208642","https://openalex.org/W3029159576","https://openalex.org/W3048163874","https://openalex.org/W3090958492","https://openalex.org/W3099200606","https://openalex.org/W3099249897","https://openalex.org/W3101155683","https://openalex.org/W3101703454","https://openalex.org/W3103494093","https://openalex.org/W3104112555","https://openalex.org/W3104396616","https://openalex.org/W3104961823","https://openalex.org/W3113113368","https://openalex.org/W3122464926","https://openalex.org/W3126953245","https://openalex.org/W3130923323","https://openalex.org/W3132125399","https://openalex.org/W3138594108","https://openalex.org/W3157942663","https://openalex.org/W3160687977","https://openalex.org/W3203934118","https://openalex.org/W3215136328","https://openalex.org/W4200632931","https://openalex.org/W4224015637","https://openalex.org/W4226088814"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2910123824","https://openalex.org/W4388704119","https://openalex.org/W4213379151","https://openalex.org/W3206120658","https://openalex.org/W2911278742","https://openalex.org/W3121338985","https://openalex.org/W1889203613","https://openalex.org/W4281550036","https://openalex.org/W2181040799","https://openalex.org/W2035510778"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Quantum":[0],"computing":[1],"is":[2],"believed":[3],"to":[4,48,53,61,71,108,127],"be":[5,49,125,134],"particularly":[6],"useful":[7],"for":[8,34,45,176],"the":[9,16,28,59,66,78,81,96,111,114,158,164,173,178,225],"simulation":[10],"of":[11,30,41,65,80,98,160,166,170,181],"chemistry":[12],"and":[13,39,77,216],"materials,":[14],"among":[15],"various":[17],"applications.":[18],"In":[19,91],"recent":[20],"years,":[21],"there":[22],"have":[23],"been":[24],"significant":[25],"advancements":[26],"in":[27,151],"development":[29],"near-term":[31],"quantum":[32,35,106,195,199,232],"algorithms":[33,47],"simulation,":[36],"including":[37,58,74],"VQE":[38,132],"many":[40,194],"its":[42],"variants.":[43],"However,":[44],"such":[46,197],"useful,":[50],"they":[51],"need":[52],"overcome":[54],"several":[55],"critical":[56],"barriers":[57],"inability":[60],"prepare":[62],"high-quality":[63,204],"approximations":[64],"ground":[67,99,115,148,179,187,213],"state.":[68,116],"Current":[69],"challenges":[70],"state":[72,85,100,139,149,180,188,205,214],"preparation,":[73],"barren":[75],"plateaus":[76],"high-dimensionality":[79],"optimization":[82,89],"landscape,":[83],"make":[84],"preparation":[86,140,189,206],"through":[87],"ansatz":[88,130],"unreliable.":[90],"this":[92],"work,":[93],"we":[94,120,211],"introduce":[95],"method":[97],"boosting,":[101],"which":[102,119],"uses":[103],"a":[104,122,137,152,167,191,208],"limited-depth":[105],"circuit":[107,145],"reliably":[109],"increase":[110],"overlap":[112,150],"with":[113],"This":[117],"circuit,":[118],"call":[121],"booster,":[123,171,175],"can":[124],"used":[126,135],"augment":[128],"an":[129],"from":[131],"or":[133],"as":[136,190,198,207,219,224],"stand-alone":[138],"method.":[141],"The":[142],"booster":[143],"converts":[144],"depth":[146],"into":[147,228],"controllable":[153],"manner.":[154],"We":[155],"numerically":[156],"demonstrate":[157],"capabilities":[159],"boosters":[161],"by":[162],"simulating":[163],"performance":[165],"particular":[168],"type":[169],"namely":[172],"Gaussian":[174],"preparing":[177],"<mml:math":[182],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mml:msub><mml:mi>N</mml:mi><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:math>":[183],"molecular":[184],"system.":[185],"Beyond":[186],"direct":[192],"objective,":[193],"algorithms,":[196],"phase":[200],"estimation,":[201],"rely":[202],"on":[203],"subroutine.":[209],"Therefore,":[210],"foresee":[212],"boosting":[215],"similar":[217],"methods":[218],"becoming":[220],"essential":[221],"algorithmic":[222],"components":[223],"field":[226],"transitions":[227],"using":[229],"early":[230],"fault-tolerant":[231],"computers.":[233]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}