{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3160766784","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2021-09-28-554","title":"Symmetry Protected Quantum Computation","display_name":"Symmetry Protected Quantum Computation","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3160766784","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2021-09-28-554","mag":"3160766784"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.22331/q-2021-09-28-554","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2021-09-28-554","pdf_url":"https://quantum-journal.org/papers/q-2021-09-28-554/pdf/","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226432","display_name":"Quantum","issn_l":"2521-327X","issn":["2521-327X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317900","host_organization_name":"Verein zur F\u00f6rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317900"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Verein zur F\u00f6rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quantum","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://quantum-journal.org/papers/q-2021-09-28-554/pdf/","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064155719","display_name":"Michael Freedman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8664-3485"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michael H. Freedman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Quantum, Redmond, WA 98052, USA","Station Q, Microsoft Research, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-6105, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Quantum, Redmond, WA 98052, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Station Q, Microsoft Research, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-6105, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112441815","display_name":"Matthew B. Hastings","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew B. Hastings","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Quantum, Redmond, WA 98052, USA","Station Q, Microsoft Research, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-6105, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Quantum, Redmond, WA 98052, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Station Q, Microsoft Research, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-6105, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017190823","display_name":"Modjtaba Shokrian Zini","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183974707","display_name":"Perimeter Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/013m0ej23","country_code":"CA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183974707"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164937","display_name":"Microsoft Research (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/05k87vq12","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}],"countries":["CA","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Modjtaba Shokrian Zini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, ON N2L 2Y5, Canada","Research Consultant, Microsoft"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, ON N2L 2Y5, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183974707"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Consultant, Microsoft","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5064155719"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"],"apc_list":{"value":200,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":215},"apc_paid":{"value":200,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":215},"fwci":0.9799,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8022754,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":null,"first_page":"554","last_page":"554"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10382","display_name":"Quantum and electron transport phenomena","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5858114957809448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-computer","display_name":"Quantum computer","score":0.5673367381095886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conjecture","display_name":"Conjecture","score":0.50716233253479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.36349576711654663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.28510230779647827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2743929624557495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.26306936144828796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.2533550262451172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.18997091054916382}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5858114957809448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58053490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176555","display_name":"Quantum computer","level":3,"score":0.5673367381095886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780990831","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q319141","display_name":"Conjecture","level":2,"score":0.50716233253479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.36349576711654663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.28510230779647827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2743929624557495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.26306936144828796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.2533550262451172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.18997091054916382}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.22331/q-2021-09-28-554","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2021-09-28-554","pdf_url":"https://quantum-journal.org/papers/q-2021-09-28-554/pdf/","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226432","display_name":"Quantum","issn_l":"2521-327X","issn":["2521-327X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317900","host_organization_name":"Verein zur F\u00f6rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317900"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Verein zur F\u00f6rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quantum","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2105.04649","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2105.04649","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2105.04649","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:02a28131c6ee410cb2d52c4bd6643297","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/02a28131c6ee410cb2d52c4bd6643297","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Quantum, Vol 5, p 554 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.22331/q-2021-09-28-554","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2021-09-28-554","pdf_url":"https://quantum-journal.org/papers/q-2021-09-28-554/pdf/","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226432","display_name":"Quantum","issn_l":"2521-327X","issn":["2521-327X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317900","host_organization_name":"Verein zur F\u00f6rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317900"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Verein zur F\u00f6rderung des Open Access Publizierens in den Quantenwissenschaften"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quantum","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.5699999928474426}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310042","display_name":"Aspen Center for Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/05gqcbq50"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320312716","display_name":"Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/03zp01h17"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319880","display_name":"Government of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/010q4q527"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331462","display_name":"Institut P\u00e9rim\u00e8tre de physique th\u00e9orique","ror":"https://ror.org/013m0ej23"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3160766784.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3160766784.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1489816104","https://openalex.org/W1629173918","https://openalex.org/W1675244148","https://openalex.org/W1975274323","https://openalex.org/W2034763770","https://openalex.org/W2062403577","https://openalex.org/W2078810868","https://openalex.org/W2079294297","https://openalex.org/W2103368228","https://openalex.org/W2135273380","https://openalex.org/W2152084706","https://openalex.org/W2159566537","https://openalex.org/W2220622442","https://openalex.org/W2327385060","https://openalex.org/W2534820175","https://openalex.org/W2582683281","https://openalex.org/W2754797405","https://openalex.org/W2804232003","https://openalex.org/W2900790429","https://openalex.org/W2963970956","https://openalex.org/W2982169647","https://openalex.org/W2994319913","https://openalex.org/W3100539275","https://openalex.org/W3101479050","https://openalex.org/W3105874174","https://openalex.org/W3182044217"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2051487156","https://openalex.org/W2073681303","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,67],"consider":[1],"a":[2,16,21,45],"model":[3,71,83,120,133],"of":[4,86,121,125],"quantum":[5,88,123],"computation":[6,89],"using":[7],"qubits":[8],"where":[9],"it":[10,94,111],"is":[11,37,48,72,84,95,112,134],"possible":[12],"to":[13,74,136],"measure":[14],"whether":[15],"given":[17],"pair":[18],"are":[19,62],"in":[20,44,59],"singlet":[22],"(total":[23,29],"spin":[24,30],"<mml:math":[25,31,63,100,103],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:math>)":[26],"or":[27],"triplet":[28],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:math>)":[32],"state.":[33],"The":[34],"physical":[35],"motivation":[36],"that":[38,47,69],"we":[39,79],"can":[40],"do":[41],"these":[42],"measurements":[43],"way":[46],"protected":[49],"against":[50],"revealing":[51],"other":[52],"information":[53],"so":[54],"long":[55],"as":[56,115,117],"all":[57],"terms":[58],"the":[60,118,132],"Hamiltonian":[61],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mml:mi>S</mml:mi><mml:mi>U</mml:mi><mml:mo":[64],"stretchy=\"false\">(</mml:mo><mml:mn>2</mml:mn><mml:mo":[65],"stretchy=\"false\">)</mml:mo></mml:math>-invariant.":[66],"conjecture":[68],"this":[70,77,82],"equivalent":[73,135],"BQP.":[75],"Towards":[76],"goal,":[78],"show:":[80],"(1)":[81],"capable":[85],"universal":[87],"with":[90],"polylogarithmic":[91],"overhead":[92],"if":[93],"supplemented":[96],"by":[97],"single":[98],"qubit":[99],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mml:mi>X</mml:mi></mml:math>":[101],"and":[102],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mml:mi>Z</mml:mi></mml:math>":[104],"gates.":[105],"(2)":[106],"Without":[107],"any":[108],"additional":[109],"gates,":[110],"at":[113],"least":[114],"powerful":[116],"weak":[119],"\"permutational":[122],"computation\"":[124],"Jordan":[126],"[14,":[127],"18].":[128],"(3)":[129],"With":[130],"postselection,":[131],"PostBQP.":[137]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
