{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2507952001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22260/isarc2016/0062","title":"A Realization of a Construction Scale Robotic System for 3D Printing of Complex Formwork","display_name":"A Realization of a Construction Scale Robotic System for 3D Printing of Complex Formwork","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-07-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2507952001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22260/isarc2016/0062","mag":"2507952001"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.22260/isarc2016/0062","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22260/isarc2016/0062","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4220651438","display_name":"Proceedings of the ... ISARC","issn_l":"2413-5844","issn":["2413-5844"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction (IAARC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102935830","display_name":"James Gardiner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-5016"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"James Gardiner","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034888029","display_name":"Steve M. J. Janssen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3100-128X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steve Janssen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064494061","display_name":"Nathan Kirchner","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nathan Kirchner","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102935830"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8295,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85381092,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12190","display_name":"Innovations in Concrete and Construction Materials","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12190","display_name":"Innovations in Concrete and Construction Materials","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10783","display_name":"Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies","score":0.9909999966621399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12784","display_name":"Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence","score":0.9896000027656555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precast-concrete","display_name":"Precast concrete","score":0.8003612160682678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formwork","display_name":"Formwork","score":0.7934669256210327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prefabrication","display_name":"Prefabrication","score":0.6407377123832703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.4768722653388977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.47545596957206726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4684614837169647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manufacturing-engineering","display_name":"Manufacturing engineering","score":0.4642866849899292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4561237394809723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bespoke","display_name":"Bespoke","score":0.44648200273513794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/realization","display_name":"Realization (probability)","score":0.44153544306755066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construction-engineering","display_name":"Construction engineering","score":0.43773359060287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-printing","display_name":"3D printing","score":0.4289016127586365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-drawing","display_name":"Engineering drawing","score":0.3883993923664093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/civil-engineering","display_name":"Civil engineering","score":0.35595569014549255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.2850278317928314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.19334319233894348}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125450124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831541","display_name":"Precast concrete","level":2,"score":0.8003612160682678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778684775","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752323","display_name":"Formwork","level":2,"score":0.7934669256210327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40011592","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2086008","display_name":"Prefabrication","level":2,"score":0.6407377123832703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.4768722653388977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.47545596957206726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4684614837169647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117671659","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11049265","display_name":"Manufacturing engineering","level":1,"score":0.4642866849899292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4561237394809723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44210515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16968978","display_name":"Bespoke","level":2,"score":0.44648200273513794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781089630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21856745","display_name":"Realization (probability)","level":2,"score":0.44153544306755066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107053488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2674423","display_name":"Construction engineering","level":1,"score":0.43773359060287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524769229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q229367","display_name":"3D printing","level":2,"score":0.4289016127586365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199639397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1788588","display_name":"Engineering drawing","level":1,"score":0.3883993923664093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.35595569014549255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2850278317928314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.19334319233894348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.22260/isarc2016/0062","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22260/isarc2016/0062","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4220651438","display_name":"Proceedings of the ... ISARC","issn_l":"2413-5844","issn":["2413-5844"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction (IAARC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.4099999964237213}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2992783605","https://openalex.org/W3023235038","https://openalex.org/W2370278756","https://openalex.org/W2351971699","https://openalex.org/W2393416765","https://openalex.org/W3112884474","https://openalex.org/W2369422790","https://openalex.org/W3179034881","https://openalex.org/W2364429087","https://openalex.org/W1053750912"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"Realization":[1],"of":[2,11,25,38,140,166,171],"a":[3,72,94,154],"Construction":[4],"Scale":[5],"Robotic":[6,175],"System":[7],"for":[8,44,91,143,178],"3D":[9,83,146,157,176],"Printing":[10,177],"Complex":[12],"Formwork":[13],"James":[14],"Gardiner,":[15],"Steve":[16],"Janssen":[17],"and":[18,47,85,112,129,148,161],"Nathan":[19],"Kirchner":[20],"Pages":[21],"515-521":[22],"(2016":[23],"Proceedings":[24],"the":[26,54,133,164,167],"33rd":[27],"ISARC,":[28],"Auburn,":[29],"USA,":[30],"ISBN":[31],"978-1-5108-2992-3,":[32],"ISSN":[33],"2413-5844)":[34],"Abstract:":[35],"The":[36],"cost":[37,113],"producing":[39],"complex":[40,89],"formwork":[41],"or":[42],"moulds":[43,90,99],"precast":[45],"concrete":[46,64,92],"GRC":[48],"(glass":[49],"reinforced":[50],"concrete)":[51],"is":[52,159],"perhaps":[53],"most":[55],"significant":[56,110],"limitation":[57],"when":[58],"constructing":[59],"architectural":[60],"intentions":[61],"from":[62],"prefabricated":[63],"elements.":[65],"Our":[66,151],"contribution,":[67],"FreeFAB":[68,98],"Wax":[69],",":[70],"employs":[71],"6-axis":[73],"gantry":[74],"robot":[75],"with":[76,109],"interchangeable":[77],"end":[78],"effector":[79],"tooling":[80],"to":[81,103,116,196],"coarsely":[82],"print":[84,121],"subsequently":[86],"mill":[87],"finish":[88],"at":[93],"construction":[95,144,155],"scale.":[96],"Significantly,":[97],"can":[100],"be":[101],"up":[102],"30m":[104],"x":[105,107],"4m":[106],"1.5m":[108],"time":[111],"savings":[114],"relative":[115],"traditional":[117],"formwork.":[118],"Furthermore,":[119],"FreeFAB's":[120],"material":[122,130],"approaches":[123],"100%":[124],"reusability,":[125],"virtually":[126],"eliminating":[127],"waste":[128],"costs":[131],"within":[132],"process.":[134],"This":[135],"paper":[136],"presents":[137],"an":[138],"overview":[139],"our":[141],"method":[142],"scale":[145,156],"printing":[147,158],"its":[149],"realisation.":[150],"findings":[152],"suggest":[153],"business-viable":[160],"significantly":[162],"expands":[163],"feasibility":[165],"wide":[168],"spread":[169],"use":[170],"bespoke":[172],"moulds.":[173],"Keywords:":[174],"Construction,":[179],"Precast":[180],"Concrete,":[181],"Additive":[182],"Manufacturing,":[183],"Prefabrication":[184],"DOI:":[185],"https://doi.org/10.22260/ISARC2016/0062":[186],"Download":[187,189,191],"fulltext":[188],"BibTex":[190],"Endnote":[192],"(RIS)":[193],"TeX":[194],"Import":[195],"Mendeley":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}