{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2952100912","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2168/lmcs-7(2:3)2011","title":"CFA2: a Context-Free Approach to Control-Flow Analysis","display_name":"CFA2: a Context-Free Approach to Control-Flow Analysis","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2952100912","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2168/lmcs-7(2:3)2011","mag":"2952100912"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2168/lmcs-7(2:3)2011","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2168/lmcs-7(2:3)2011","pdf_url":"https://lmcs.episciences.org/684/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S114379355","display_name":"Logical Methods in Computer Science","issn_l":"1860-5974","issn":["1860-5974"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313916","host_organization_name":"Logical Methods in Computer Science e.V.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313916"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Logical Methods in Computer Science e.V."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Logical Methods in Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://lmcs.episciences.org/684/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010684351","display_name":"Dimitris Vardoulakis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7852-8900"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87182695","display_name":"Universidad del Noreste","ror":"https://ror.org/02ahky613","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87182695"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dimitrios Vardoulakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northeastern University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northeastern University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87182695"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022683458","display_name":"Olin Shivers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8171-386X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87182695","display_name":"Universidad del Noreste","ror":"https://ror.org/02ahky613","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87182695"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Olin Shivers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northeastern University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northeastern University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87182695"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022683458"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87182695"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.8637,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94292027,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"Volume 7, Issue 2","issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7766807079315186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-flow-analysis","display_name":"Control flow analysis","score":0.727238118648529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abstract-interpretation","display_name":"Abstract interpretation","score":0.6270606517791748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spurious-relationship","display_name":"Spurious relationship","score":0.625403642654419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-flow","display_name":"Control flow","score":0.5782567858695984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-summarization","display_name":"Automatic summarization","score":0.571792721748352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.4987142086029053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.49431896209716797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/continuation","display_name":"Continuation","score":0.49030354619026184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.4808931350708008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/call-graph","display_name":"Call graph","score":0.4736004173755646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flow","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","score":0.43931156396865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.4306647479534149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bounded-function","display_name":"Bounded function","score":0.4237642288208008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.3041425943374634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17444530129432678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.14740300178527832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.07715985178947449}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7766807079315186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176359209","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2348963","display_name":"Control flow analysis","level":5,"score":0.727238118648529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780654840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333341","display_name":"Abstract interpretation","level":2,"score":0.6270606517791748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97256817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1462316","display_name":"Spurious relationship","level":2,"score":0.625403642654419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160191386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868299","display_name":"Control flow","level":2,"score":0.5782567858695984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170858558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1394144","display_name":"Automatic summarization","level":2,"score":0.571792721748352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4987142086029053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.49431896209716797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88626702","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128903","display_name":"Continuation","level":2,"score":0.49030354619026184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.4808931350708008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102379954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2589940","display_name":"Call graph","level":2,"score":0.4736004173755646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.43931156396865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4306647479534149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34388435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2267362","display_name":"Bounded function","level":2,"score":0.4237642288208008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.3041425943374634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17444530129432678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.14740300178527832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.07715985178947449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119263510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7248501","display_name":"Programming domain","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34165917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188267","display_name":"Programming paradigm","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50033165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15712089","display_name":"Inductive programming","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2168/lmcs-7(2:3)2011","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2168/lmcs-7(2:3)2011","pdf_url":"https://lmcs.episciences.org/684/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S114379355","display_name":"Logical Methods in Computer Science","issn_l":"1860-5974","issn":["1860-5974"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313916","host_organization_name":"Logical Methods in Computer Science e.V.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313916"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Logical Methods in Computer Science e.V."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Logical Methods in Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1102.3676","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1102.3676","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1102.3676","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:584e018326cd4382b31e1c974d2f72e7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/584e018326cd4382b31e1c974d2f72e7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Logical Methods in Computer Science, Vol Volume 7, Issue 2 (2011)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2168/lmcs-7(2:3)2011","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2168/lmcs-7(2:3)2011","pdf_url":"https://lmcs.episciences.org/684/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S114379355","display_name":"Logical Methods in Computer Science","issn_l":"1860-5974","issn":["1860-5974"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313916","host_organization_name":"Logical Methods in Computer Science e.V.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313916"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Logical Methods in Computer Science e.V."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Logical Methods in Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2952100912.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2952100912.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W148396834","https://openalex.org/W1516382534","https://openalex.org/W1589224558","https://openalex.org/W1905205673","https://openalex.org/W1915934711","https://openalex.org/W1973120448","https://openalex.org/W1975575519","https://openalex.org/W2001974029","https://openalex.org/W2003786919","https://openalex.org/W2017274604","https://openalex.org/W2024779397","https://openalex.org/W2046699259","https://openalex.org/W2048802511","https://openalex.org/W2064982280","https://openalex.org/W2071990711","https://openalex.org/W2073904768","https://openalex.org/W2079752311","https://openalex.org/W2080573945","https://openalex.org/W2081272942","https://openalex.org/W2095357205","https://openalex.org/W2110507526","https://openalex.org/W2114337691","https://openalex.org/W2126126443","https://openalex.org/W2127172188","https://openalex.org/W2133497528","https://openalex.org/W2141505892","https://openalex.org/W2151670874","https://openalex.org/W2159642793","https://openalex.org/W2181943201","https://openalex.org/W2912126004","https://openalex.org/W2912379640","https://openalex.org/W3005174853","https://openalex.org/W3005728772","https://openalex.org/W3006530635","https://openalex.org/W3019389875","https://openalex.org/W3033694951","https://openalex.org/W3126200532","https://openalex.org/W4234193105","https://openalex.org/W4243644740","https://openalex.org/W4246701704","https://openalex.org/W4250336630","https://openalex.org/W4252567017","https://openalex.org/W4302367862"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2380745217","https://openalex.org/W1600244485","https://openalex.org/W2150418816","https://openalex.org/W157564837","https://openalex.org/W2105114074","https://openalex.org/W2080046362","https://openalex.org/W1565879960","https://openalex.org/W2138385884","https://openalex.org/W3002464080","https://openalex.org/W2111825754"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"a":[1,29,88],"functional":[2],"language,":[3],"the":[4,51,57,66],"dominant":[5],"control-flow":[6,40,47],"mechanism":[7],"is":[8],"function":[9],"call":[10,22],"and":[11,23,49,71,86,90,111],"return.":[12],"Most":[13],"higher-order":[14,69],"flow":[15,59],"analyses,":[16],"including":[17],"k-CFA,":[18],"do":[19],"not":[20],"handle":[21],"return":[24],"well:":[25],"they":[26,36],"remember":[27],"only":[28],"bounded":[30],"number":[31],"of":[32,68,81],"pending":[33],"calls":[34],"because":[35],"approximate":[37],"programs":[38,82],"with":[39,61],"graphs.":[41],"Call/return":[42],"mismatch":[43],"introduces":[44],"precision-degrading":[45],"spurious":[46],"paths":[48],"increases":[50],"analysis":[52,60],"time.":[53],"We":[54,74],"describe":[55,87],"CFA2,":[56],"first":[58],"precise":[62],"call/return":[63],"matching":[64],"in":[65,83],"presence":[67],"functions":[70],"tail":[72],"calls.":[73],"formulate":[75],"CFA2":[76,103],"as":[77],"an":[78],"abstract":[79,96],"interpretation":[80],"continuation-passing":[84],"style":[85],"sound":[89],"complete":[91],"summarization":[92],"algorithm":[93],"for":[94],"our":[95],"semantics.":[97],"A":[98],"preliminary":[99],"evaluation":[100],"shows":[101],"that":[102],"gives":[104],"more":[105],"accurate":[106],"data-flow":[107],"information":[108],"than":[109],"0CFA":[110],"1CFA.":[112]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}