{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2165528704","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2168/lmcs-3(4:6)2007","title":"A Characterisation of First-Order Constraint Satisfaction Problems","display_name":"A Characterisation of First-Order Constraint Satisfaction Problems","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-11-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2165528704","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2168/lmcs-3(4:6)2007","mag":"2165528704"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2168/lmcs-3(4:6)2007","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2168/lmcs-3(4:6)2007","pdf_url":"https://lmcs.episciences.org/1097/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S114379355","display_name":"Logical Methods in Computer Science","issn_l":"1860-5974","issn":["1860-5974"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313916","host_organization_name":"Logical Methods in Computer Science e.V.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313916"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Logical Methods in Computer Science e.V."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Logical Methods in Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://lmcs.episciences.org/1097/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016192081","display_name":"Beno\u00eet Larose","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60158472","display_name":"Concordia University","ror":"https://ror.org/0420zvk78","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benoit Larose","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Concordia University, 1455 de Maisonneuve West, Montral, Qc, Canada, H3G 1M8","Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Concordia University, 1455 de Maisonneuve West, Montr\u00e9al, Qc, Canada, H3G 1M8"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Concordia University, 1455 de Maisonneuve West, Montral, Qc, Canada, H3G 1M8","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Concordia University, 1455 de Maisonneuve West, Montr\u00e9al, Qc, Canada, H3G 1M8","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058732066","display_name":"Cynthia Loten","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170606269","display_name":"University of the Fraser Valley","ror":"https://ror.org/04h6w7946","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170606269"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cynthia Loten","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University College of the Fraser Valley, 33844 King Rd Abbotsford, BC Canada V2S 7M8"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University College of the Fraser Valley, 33844 King Rd Abbotsford, BC Canada V2S 7M8","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170606269"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068136833","display_name":"Claude Tardif","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3855-989X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51768193","display_name":"Royal Military College of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/04yr71909","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51768193"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Claude Tardif","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Royal Military College of Canada, PO Box 17000 Station \"Forces\", Kingston, Ontario, Canada, K7K 7B4"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Royal Military College of Canada, PO Box 17000 Station \"Forces\", Kingston, Ontario, Canada, K7K 7B4","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51768193"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.2302,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":66,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97439906,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"Volume 3, Issue 4","issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10374","display_name":"Advanced Graph Theory Research","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10374","display_name":"Advanced Graph Theory Research","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11596","display_name":"Constraint Satisfaction and Optimization","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10720","display_name":"Complexity and Algorithms in Graphs","score":0.9868000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint-satisfaction-problem","display_name":"Constraint satisfaction problem","score":0.8523510694503784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decidability","display_name":"Decidability","score":0.7950228452682495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.6501610279083252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algebraic-number","display_name":"Algebraic number","score":0.5393102169036865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint-satisfaction","display_name":"Constraint satisfaction","score":0.5122434496879578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.5082992911338806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-complexity","display_name":"Time complexity","score":0.5001068115234375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order","display_name":"Order (exchange)","score":0.4798988103866577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","score":0.4705004394054413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backtracking","display_name":"Backtracking","score":0.4271642863750458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.41475948691368103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.40232425928115845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.3924430310726166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.30925899744033813}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199622910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128326","display_name":"Constraint satisfaction problem","level":3,"score":0.8523510694503784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153269930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q430001","display_name":"Decidability","level":2,"score":0.7950228452682495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6501610279083252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9376300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168817","display_name":"Algebraic number","level":2,"score":0.5393102169036865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44616089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30158686","display_name":"Constraint satisfaction","level":3,"score":0.5122434496879578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5082992911338806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C311688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2393193","display_name":"Time complexity","level":2,"score":0.5001068115234375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.4798988103866577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776036281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48769818","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","level":2,"score":0.4705004394054413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156884757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q798554","display_name":"Backtracking","level":2,"score":0.4271642863750458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.41475948691368103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.40232425928115845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.3924430310726166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.30925899744033813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2168/lmcs-3(4:6)2007","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2168/lmcs-3(4:6)2007","pdf_url":"https://lmcs.episciences.org/1097/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S114379355","display_name":"Logical Methods in Computer Science","issn_l":"1860-5974","issn":["1860-5974"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313916","host_organization_name":"Logical Methods in Computer Science e.V.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313916"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Logical Methods in Computer Science e.V."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Logical Methods in Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:0707.2562","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/0707.2562","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/0707.2562","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3ec3983f0f404c699076926fdd5fd768","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3ec3983f0f404c699076926fdd5fd768","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Logical Methods in Computer Science, Vol Volume 3, Issue 4 (2007)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2168/lmcs-3(4:6)2007","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2168/lmcs-3(4:6)2007","pdf_url":"https://lmcs.episciences.org/1097/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S114379355","display_name":"Logical Methods in Computer Science","issn_l":"1860-5974","issn":["1860-5974"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313916","host_organization_name":"Logical Methods in Computer Science e.V.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313916"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Logical Methods in Computer Science e.V."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Logical Methods in Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321747","display_name":"Fonds Qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies","ror":"https://ror.org/00b9f9778"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2165528704.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2165528704.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1515962957","https://openalex.org/W1547799720","https://openalex.org/W1555655798","https://openalex.org/W1562734116","https://openalex.org/W1565047086","https://openalex.org/W1657692463","https://openalex.org/W1696059587","https://openalex.org/W1811185933","https://openalex.org/W1970318994","https://openalex.org/W1986537785","https://openalex.org/W2001521450","https://openalex.org/W2071035573","https://openalex.org/W2150339067","https://openalex.org/W2164286489","https://openalex.org/W2166566648","https://openalex.org/W3104030884","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2091348864","https://openalex.org/W2569549435","https://openalex.org/W2784687883","https://openalex.org/W2354343466","https://openalex.org/W3014398131","https://openalex.org/W3122634451","https://openalex.org/W2997121997","https://openalex.org/W2188549339","https://openalex.org/W1576780029","https://openalex.org/W2101480270"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"describe":[1,87],"simple":[2,65],"algebraic":[3,80],"and":[4,43],"combinatorial":[5],"characterisations":[6],"of":[7,51,56,78,82,91],"finite":[8],"relational":[9],"core":[10],"structures":[11],"admitting":[12],"finitely":[13],"many":[14],"obstructions.":[15],"As":[16,75],"a":[17,28,45,64,70,88],"consequence,":[18],"we":[19,35,86],"show":[20,36],"that":[21],"it":[22],"is":[23,32],"decidable":[24],"to":[25,40,68],"determine":[26],"whether":[27],"constraint":[29],"satisfaction":[30],"problem":[31,39],"first-order":[33,61],"definable:":[34],"the":[37,49],"general":[38],"be":[41],"NP-complete,":[42],"give":[44],"polynomial-time":[46],"algorithm":[47,58,67],"in":[48],"case":[50],"cores.":[52],"A":[53],"slight":[54],"modification":[55],"this":[57],"provides,":[59],"for":[60],"definable":[62],"CSP's,":[63,85],"poly-time":[66],"produce":[69],"solution":[71],"when":[72],"one":[73],"exists.":[74],"an":[76],"application":[77],"our":[79],"characterisation":[81],"first":[83],"order":[84],"large":[89],"family":[90],"L-complete":[92],"CSP's.":[93]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-08-05T07:39:15.569665","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
