{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2950379689","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2168/lmcs-10(2:3)2014","title":"Querying the Guarded Fragment","display_name":"Querying the Guarded Fragment","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-05-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2950379689","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2168/lmcs-10(2:3)2014","mag":"2950379689"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2168/lmcs-10(2:3)2014","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2168/lmcs-10(2:3)2014","pdf_url":"https://lmcs.episciences.org/675/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S114379355","display_name":"Logical Methods in Computer Science","issn_l":"1860-5974","issn":["1860-5974"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313916","host_organization_name":"Logical Methods in Computer Science e.V.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313916"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Logical Methods in Computer Science e.V."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Logical Methods in Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://lmcs.episciences.org/675/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042134900","display_name":"Vince B\u00e1r\u00e1ny","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31512782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt","ror":"https://ror.org/05n911h24","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vince B\u00e1r\u00e1ny","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050151740","display_name":"Georg Gottlob","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2353-5230"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Georg Gottlob","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oxford University Computing Laboratory, Wolfson Building, Parks Rd., OX1 3QD Oxford, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2353-5230","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oxford University Computing Laboratory, Wolfson Building, Parks Rd., OX1 3QD Oxford, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002705704","display_name":"Martin Otto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6704-3468"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31512782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt","ror":"https://ror.org/05n911h24","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Otto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Technische Universitt Darmstadt","Department of Mathematics, Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Technische Universitt Darmstadt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.2686,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":75,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96810068,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"Volume 10, Issue 2","issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10317","display_name":"Advanced Database Systems and Queries","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10317","display_name":"Advanced Database Systems and Queries","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decidability","display_name":"Decidability","score":0.7808405756950378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conjunctive-query","display_name":"Conjunctive query","score":0.7350859642028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fragment","display_name":"Fragment (logic)","score":0.7048964500427246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bisimulation","display_name":"Bisimulation","score":0.6312422752380371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/p","display_name":"P","score":0.6071699261665344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.5265898108482361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.5151087641716003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.4483819305896759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/property","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","score":0.430151104927063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulo","display_name":"Modulo","score":0.42465919256210327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-complexity","display_name":"Time complexity","score":0.41831931471824646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.28939229249954224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relational-database","display_name":"Relational database","score":0.2175397276878357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.15651553869247437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.1502225399017334}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153269930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q430001","display_name":"Decidability","level":2,"score":0.7808405756950378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65647387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1781706","display_name":"Conjunctive query","level":3,"score":0.7350859642028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776235265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18392052","display_name":"Fragment (logic)","level":2,"score":0.7048964500427246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135315306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q866364","display_name":"Bisimulation","level":2,"score":0.6312422752380371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134026603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846354","display_name":"P","level":3,"score":0.6071699261665344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5265898108482361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.5151087641716003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.4483819305896759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189950617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q937228","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.430151104927063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54732982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1415345","display_name":"Modulo","level":2,"score":0.42465919256210327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C311688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2393193","display_name":"Time complexity","level":2,"score":0.41831931471824646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.28939229249954224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5655090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192588","display_name":"Relational database","level":2,"score":0.2175397276878357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.15651553869247437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.1502225399017334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2168/lmcs-10(2:3)2014","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2168/lmcs-10(2:3)2014","pdf_url":"https://lmcs.episciences.org/675/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S114379355","display_name":"Logical Methods in Computer Science","issn_l":"1860-5974","issn":["1860-5974"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313916","host_organization_name":"Logical Methods in Computer Science e.V.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313916"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Logical Methods in Computer Science e.V."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Logical Methods in Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1309.5822","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1309.5822","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1309.5822","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:dd387192917446c8a9a75671f92b4464","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/dd387192917446c8a9a75671f92b4464","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Logical Methods in Computer Science, Vol Volume 10, Issue 2 (2014)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2168/lmcs-10(2:3)2014","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2168/lmcs-10(2:3)2014","pdf_url":"https://lmcs.episciences.org/675/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S114379355","display_name":"Logical Methods in Computer Science","issn_l":"1860-5974","issn":["1860-5974"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313916","host_organization_name":"Logical Methods in Computer Science e.V.","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313916"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Logical Methods in Computer Science e.V."],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Logical Methods in Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4710092007","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"246858","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4869689085","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FP7/2007-2013","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2950379689.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2950379689.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W103815453","https://openalex.org/W117467870","https://openalex.org/W1483388050","https://openalex.org/W1483892218","https://openalex.org/W1608479762","https://openalex.org/W1981996395","https://openalex.org/W1991981864","https://openalex.org/W1993151238","https://openalex.org/W1996417630","https://openalex.org/W1997817571","https://openalex.org/W2005032394","https://openalex.org/W2028222220","https://openalex.org/W2038608154","https://openalex.org/W2044280967","https://openalex.org/W2083882774","https://openalex.org/W2086470346","https://openalex.org/W2088094394","https://openalex.org/W2102729564","https://openalex.org/W2123817118","https://openalex.org/W2124580444","https://openalex.org/W2137862151","https://openalex.org/W2138556324","https://openalex.org/W2145813209","https://openalex.org/W2148417962","https://openalex.org/W2166108892","https://openalex.org/W2179506702","https://openalex.org/W2180224596","https://openalex.org/W2397664909","https://openalex.org/W2628596753"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2963364464","https://openalex.org/W2551830925","https://openalex.org/W2107608134","https://openalex.org/W2136485937","https://openalex.org/W1554045856","https://openalex.org/W1598641851","https://openalex.org/W1558164190","https://openalex.org/W1965551437","https://openalex.org/W1601172863","https://openalex.org/W1514211561"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Evaluating":[0],"a":[1,7,151,176,189],"Boolean":[2],"conjunctive":[3,62,102],"query":[4,63],"Q":[5,37,104,107,116,131],"against":[6],"guarded":[8,54,66,78,96,170,184,193],"first-order":[9],"theory":[10,32],"F":[11,98,114,124,129],"is":[12,21,25,108,117,132],"equivalent":[13],"to":[14,27,61,179],"checking":[15],"whether":[16,128],"\"F":[17],"and":[18,33,49,68,83,86,99,125],"not":[19,39,57],"Q\"":[20],"unsatisfiable.":[22],"This":[23],"problem":[24,182],"relevant":[26],"the":[28,46,53,137,141,155,160,164,169,180],"areas":[29],"of":[30,52,81,113,123,143,147,154,159,168],"database":[31],"description":[34],"logic.":[35],"Since":[36],"may":[38],"be":[40],"guarded,":[41],"well":[42],"known":[43],"results":[44],"about":[45],"decidability,":[47],"complexity,":[48],"finite-model":[50],"property":[51,158,167],"fragment":[55,171],"do":[56],"obviously":[58],"carry":[59],"over":[60,65],"answering":[64],"theories,":[67],"had":[69],"been":[70],"left":[71],"open":[72],"in":[73,110,119],"general.":[74],"By":[75],"investigating":[76],"finite":[77,91,121,156],"bisimilar":[79],"covers":[80,146],"hypergraphs":[82],"relational":[84],"structures,":[85],"by":[87],"substantially":[88],"generalising":[89],"Rosati's":[90],"chase,":[92],"we":[93],"prove":[94],"for":[95,192],"theories":[97],"(unions":[100],"of)":[101],"queries":[103],"that":[105],"(i)":[106],"true":[109,118],"each":[111,120],"model":[112,122,157,166],"iff":[115],"(ii)":[126],"determining":[127],"implies":[130],"2EXPTIME-complete.":[133],"We":[134],"further":[135],"show":[136],"following":[138],"results:":[139],"(iii)":[140],"existence":[142],"polynomial-size":[144],"conformal":[145],"arbitrary":[148],"hypergraphs;":[149],"(iv)":[150],"new":[152],"proof":[153],"clique-guarded":[161],"fragment;":[162],"(v)":[163],"small":[165],"with":[172],"optimal":[173],"bounds;":[174],"(vi)":[175],"polynomial-time":[177],"solution":[178],"canonisation":[181],"modulo":[183],"bisimulation,":[185],"which":[186],"yields":[187],"(vii)":[188],"capturing":[190],"result":[191],"bisimulation":[194],"invariant":[195],"PTIME.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-13T07:31:44.756512","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}