{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385987264","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21437/slate.2023-29","title":"Exploring Speech Representations for Proficiency Assessment in Language Learning","display_name":"Exploring Speech Representations for Proficiency Assessment in Language Learning","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-08-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385987264","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21437/slate.2023-29"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21437/slate.2023-29","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/slate.2023-29","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"9th Workshop on Speech and Language Technology in Education (SLaTE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092662889","display_name":"Elaf Islam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5329-0414"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91136226","display_name":"University of Sheffield","ror":"https://ror.org/05krs5044","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Elaf Islam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Computer Science, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Computer Science, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102020512","display_name":"Chanho Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6671-1671"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91136226","display_name":"University of Sheffield","ror":"https://ror.org/05krs5044","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chanho Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Computer Science, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Computer Science, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030528300","display_name":"Thomas Hain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0939-3464"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91136226","display_name":"University of Sheffield","ror":"https://ror.org/05krs5044","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Hain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Computer Science, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Computer Science, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5092662889"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3474,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65685557,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"151","last_page":"155"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8339272737503052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6407201290130615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correctness","display_name":"Correctness","score":0.6168869137763977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.6131705045700073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.592263400554657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5910021066665649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.49000564217567444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cosine-similarity","display_name":"Cosine similarity","score":0.44164830446243286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.11783033609390259}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8339272737503052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6407201290130615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55439883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q360812","display_name":"Correctness","level":2,"score":0.6168869137763977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.6131705045700073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.592263400554657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5910021066665649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.49000564217567444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780762811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1784941","display_name":"Cosine similarity","level":3,"score":0.44164830446243286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.11783033609390259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21437/slate.2023-29","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/slate.2023-29","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"9th Workshop on Speech and Language Technology in Education (SLaTE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:203353","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400854","display_name":"White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2800616092","host_organization_name":"White Rose University Consortium","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800616092"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Proceedings Paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.8500000238418579}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W93264221","https://openalex.org/W97072897","https://openalex.org/W1494198834","https://openalex.org/W2101234009","https://openalex.org/W2139008940","https://openalex.org/W2157718965","https://openalex.org/W2166637769","https://openalex.org/W2193413348","https://openalex.org/W2304127486","https://openalex.org/W2396366106","https://openalex.org/W2401896499","https://openalex.org/W2551276343","https://openalex.org/W2896457183","https://openalex.org/W2938359332","https://openalex.org/W2962780374","https://openalex.org/W2972347929","https://openalex.org/W2982223350","https://openalex.org/W2995181338","https://openalex.org/W3030437843","https://openalex.org/W3036601975","https://openalex.org/W3145157056","https://openalex.org/W3161932608","https://openalex.org/W3198771897","https://openalex.org/W4221046698","https://openalex.org/W4223651314","https://openalex.org/W4287241492","https://openalex.org/W4311000453","https://openalex.org/W4319862401","https://openalex.org/W4319862404","https://openalex.org/W4319998451","https://openalex.org/W4375869413","https://openalex.org/W4390913170"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1667647204","https://openalex.org/W2404647514","https://openalex.org/W4247536566","https://openalex.org/W2018477250","https://openalex.org/W3119814709","https://openalex.org/W4241418540","https://openalex.org/W1508895727","https://openalex.org/W2725786787","https://openalex.org/W1875930651","https://openalex.org/W1590965489"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Automatic":[0],"proficiency":[1],"assessment":[2,25],"can":[3],"be":[4],"a":[5,64],"useful":[6],"tool":[7],"in":[8,101],"language":[9,14],"learning,":[10],"for":[11,73,76],"self-evaluation":[12],"of":[13,58,89,96,103],"skills":[15],"and":[16,39,94],"to":[17,20,54],"enable":[18],"educators":[19],"tailor":[21],"instruction":[22],"effectively.":[23],"Often":[24],"methods":[26],"use":[27],"categorisation":[28,57,109],"approaches.":[29],"In":[30],"this":[31,77],"paper":[32],"an":[33,50],"exemplar":[34],"based":[35],"approach":[36,51],"is":[37,99],"chosen,":[38],"comparisons":[40],"between":[41],"utterances":[42],"are":[43,71,80],"made":[44],"using":[45,82],"different":[46,97],"speech":[47],"encodings.":[48],"Such":[49],"has":[52],"advantage":[53],"avoid":[55],"formal":[56],"errors":[59],"by":[60],"experts.":[61],"Aside":[62],"from":[63],"standard":[65],"spectral":[66],"representation":[67],"pretrained":[68],"model":[69],"embeddings":[70],"investigated":[72],"the":[74],"usefulness":[75],"task.":[78],"Experiments":[79],"conducted":[81],"speechocean762":[83],"database,":[84],"which":[85],"provides":[86],"3":[87],"levels":[88],"proficiency.":[90],"Data":[91],"was":[92],"clustered":[93],"performance":[95],"representations":[98,115],"assessed":[100],"terms":[102],"cluster":[104],"purity":[105],"as":[106,108],"well":[107],"correctness.":[110],"Cosine":[111],"distance":[112],"with":[113],"whisper":[114],"yielded":[116],"better":[117],"clustering":[118],"performance.":[119]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}