{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2478893932","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21437/odyssey.2016-42","title":"Multi-Bit Allocation: Preparing Voice Biometrics for Template Protection","display_name":"Multi-Bit Allocation: Preparing Voice Biometrics for Template Protection","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-06-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2478893932","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21437/odyssey.2016-42","mag":"2478893932"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21437/odyssey.2016-42","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21437/odyssey.2016-42","pdf_url":"https://www.isca-archive.org/odyssey_2016/paulini16_odyssey.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Speaker and Language Recognition Workshop (Odyssey 2016)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.isca-archive.org/odyssey_2016/paulini16_odyssey.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026365733","display_name":"Marco Paulini","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Paulini","raw_affiliation_strings":["atip -Advanced Technologies for Information Processing GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"atip -Advanced Technologies for Information Processing GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087866084","display_name":"Christian Rathgeb","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1901-9468"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107257983","display_name":"Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/047wbd030","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107257983"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099379","display_name":"Zimmer Biomet (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/016731f38","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099379","https://openalex.org/I4210115238"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christian Rathgeb","raw_affiliation_strings":["da/sec -Biometrics and Internet Security Research Group, Hochschule Darmstadt, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"da/sec -Biometrics and Internet Security Research Group, Hochschule Darmstadt, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107257983","https://openalex.org/I4210099379"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019383045","display_name":"Andreas Nautsch","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107257983","display_name":"Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/047wbd030","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107257983"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099379","display_name":"Zimmer Biomet (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/016731f38","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099379","https://openalex.org/I4210115238"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andreas Nautsch","raw_affiliation_strings":["da/sec -Biometrics and Internet Security Research Group, Hochschule Darmstadt, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"da/sec -Biometrics and Internet Security Research Group, Hochschule Darmstadt, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107257983","https://openalex.org/I4210099379"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025582475","display_name":"Hermine Reichau","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hermine Reichau","raw_affiliation_strings":["atip -Advanced Technologies for Information Processing GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"atip -Advanced Technologies for Information Processing GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080595664","display_name":"Herbert Reininger","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Herbert Reininger","raw_affiliation_strings":["atip -Advanced Technologies for Information Processing GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"atip -Advanced Technologies for Information Processing GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017716310","display_name":"Christoph Busch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9159-2923"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107257983","display_name":"Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/047wbd030","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107257983"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099379","display_name":"Zimmer Biomet (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/016731f38","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099379","https://openalex.org/I4210115238"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christoph Busch","raw_affiliation_strings":["da/sec -Biometrics and Internet Security Research Group, Hochschule Darmstadt, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"da/sec -Biometrics and Internet Security Research Group, Hochschule Darmstadt, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107257983","https://openalex.org/I4210099379"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.4164,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94981591,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"291","last_page":"296"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biometrics","display_name":"Biometrics","score":0.8737075924873352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8072314858436584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.6691509485244751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5929716229438782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.5254810452461243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-vector","display_name":"Feature vector","score":0.5052333474159241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4900761842727661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.48719853162765503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4851849675178528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soundness","display_name":"Soundness","score":0.48051342368125916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/privacy-protection","display_name":"Privacy protection","score":0.46841421723365784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speaker-recognition","display_name":"Speaker recognition","score":0.4648873507976532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.4409177601337433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.1412942111492157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08664098381996155}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184297639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177765","display_name":"Biometrics","level":2,"score":0.8737075924873352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8072314858436584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.6691509485244751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5929716229438782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5254810452461243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83665646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42139305","display_name":"Feature vector","level":2,"score":0.5052333474159241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4900761842727661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.48719853162765503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4851849675178528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39920170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q693083","display_name":"Soundness","level":2,"score":0.48051342368125916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017597292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25052250","display_name":"Privacy protection","level":2,"score":0.46841421723365784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133892786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1145189","display_name":"Speaker recognition","level":2,"score":0.4648873507976532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.4409177601337433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.1412942111492157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08664098381996155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21437/odyssey.2016-42","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21437/odyssey.2016-42","pdf_url":"https://www.isca-archive.org/odyssey_2016/paulini16_odyssey.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Speaker and Language Recognition Workshop (Odyssey 2016)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21437/odyssey.2016-42","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21437/odyssey.2016-42","pdf_url":"https://www.isca-archive.org/odyssey_2016/paulini16_odyssey.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Speaker and Language Recognition Workshop (Odyssey 2016)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.41999998688697815}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2478893932.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2478893932.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W32630414","https://openalex.org/W123789716","https://openalex.org/W153388603","https://openalex.org/W1523853800","https://openalex.org/W1547389164","https://openalex.org/W1584467222","https://openalex.org/W1658556320","https://openalex.org/W1996390565","https://openalex.org/W2009516078","https://openalex.org/W2016063261","https://openalex.org/W2017439879","https://openalex.org/W2032551902","https://openalex.org/W2041942569","https://openalex.org/W2044862799","https://openalex.org/W2064303187","https://openalex.org/W2065156772","https://openalex.org/W2088098460","https://openalex.org/W2088382258","https://openalex.org/W2103919449","https://openalex.org/W2114024372","https://openalex.org/W2129905915","https://openalex.org/W2130054403","https://openalex.org/W2140959843","https://openalex.org/W2144596760","https://openalex.org/W2150769028","https://openalex.org/W2154278880","https://openalex.org/W2160371485","https://openalex.org/W2397192673","https://openalex.org/W2397634864","https://openalex.org/W2399061945","https://openalex.org/W2403776763","https://openalex.org/W6605136849","https://openalex.org/W6654805681","https://openalex.org/W6677166570","https://openalex.org/W6680695504","https://openalex.org/W6681065351","https://openalex.org/W6682600690"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1511249877","https://openalex.org/W1578828174","https://openalex.org/W2950376466","https://openalex.org/W2000943029","https://openalex.org/W2621980927","https://openalex.org/W4302559785","https://openalex.org/W3148366653","https://openalex.org/W156213964","https://openalex.org/W2050960118","https://openalex.org/W129770839"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Technologies":[0],"of":[1,34,53],"biometric":[2,25,44],"template":[3,45,70],"protection":[4,46,71],"grant":[5],"a":[6],"significant":[7],"improvement":[8],"in":[9,23,38,49],"data":[10],"privacy":[11],"and":[12,55,68],"increase":[13],"the":[14,17,24,60,74],"likelihood":[15],"that":[16],"general":[18],"public":[19],"will":[20],"effectively":[21],"consent":[22],"system":[26],"usage.":[27],"Focusing":[28],"on":[29],"speaker":[30],"recognition":[31,61],"this":[32],"area":[33],"research":[35],"is":[36,73],"still":[37],"its":[39],"infancy.":[40],"Previously":[41],"proposed":[42],"voice":[43],"schemes":[47,72],"fail":[48],"guaranteeing":[50],"required":[51,81],"properties":[52],"irreversibility":[54],"unlinkability":[56],"without":[57],"significantly":[58],"degrading":[59],"accuracy.":[62],"A":[63],"crucial":[64],"step":[65],"for":[66],"accurate":[67],"secure":[69],"feature":[75,85],"type":[76],"transformation":[77],"which":[78],"might":[79],"be":[80],"to":[82],"binarize":[83],"extracted":[84],"vectors.":[86]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
