{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4297841688","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2022-796","title":"Automatic Dialect Density Estimation for African American English","display_name":"Automatic Dialect Density Estimation for African American English","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-09-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4297841688","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2022-796"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21437/interspeech.2022-796","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2022-796","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363604309","display_name":"Interspeech 2022","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interspeech 2022","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028945409","display_name":"Alexander D. Johnson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8398-038X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Johnson","raw_affiliation_strings":["UCLA, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UCLA, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067028336","display_name":"Kevin Everson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kevin Everson","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Washington, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101553585","display_name":"Vijay Ravi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2639-4330"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vijay Ravi","raw_affiliation_strings":["UCLA, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UCLA, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012859171","display_name":"Anissa Gladney","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1344076864","display_name":"Center for Applied Linguistics","ror":"https://ror.org/020pekv35","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1344076864"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anissa Gladney","raw_affiliation_strings":["UCLA, Department of Linguistics"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UCLA, Department of Linguistics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1344076864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087215613","display_name":"Mari Ostendorf","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mari Ostendorf","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Washington, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112421995","display_name":"Abeer Alwan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3390-9379"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abeer Alwan","raw_affiliation_strings":["UCLA, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UCLA, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028945409"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3131,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.5136725,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1283","last_page":"1287"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12380","display_name":"Authorship Attribution and Profiling","score":0.9876000285148621,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5707164406776428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation","display_name":"Estimation","score":0.5616623759269714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/american-english","display_name":"American English","score":0.4884289801120758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/african-american","display_name":"African american","score":0.4489639103412628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/density-estimation","display_name":"Density estimation","score":0.4103614091873169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.37993520498275757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3648204505443573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.3406316936016083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.32418107986450195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history","display_name":"History","score":0.25077158212661743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.24848327040672302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17900314927101135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12296783924102783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethnology","display_name":"Ethnology","score":0.0987706184387207}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5707164406776428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.5616623759269714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777939226","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7976","display_name":"American English","level":2,"score":0.4884289801120758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987028688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49085","display_name":"African american","level":2,"score":0.4489639103412628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189508267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17088227","display_name":"Density estimation","level":3,"score":0.4103614091873169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.37993520498275757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3648204505443573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.3406316936016083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.32418107986450195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.25077158212661743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.24848327040672302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17900314927101135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12296783924102783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2549261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43455","display_name":"Ethnology","level":1,"score":0.0987706184387207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21437/interspeech.2022-796","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2022-796","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363604309","display_name":"Interspeech 2022","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interspeech 2022","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1494198834","https://openalex.org/W1875231349","https://openalex.org/W2054125330","https://openalex.org/W2103962059","https://openalex.org/W2137075158","https://openalex.org/W2295598076","https://openalex.org/W2795529135","https://openalex.org/W2796738181","https://openalex.org/W2880875857","https://openalex.org/W2890964092","https://openalex.org/W2962862931","https://openalex.org/W2981044505","https://openalex.org/W3012624518","https://openalex.org/W3036601975","https://openalex.org/W3162812479","https://openalex.org/W3163152557","https://openalex.org/W4238021594"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2576994247","https://openalex.org/W2608353378","https://openalex.org/W2126764764","https://openalex.org/W2121210147","https://openalex.org/W2786897797","https://openalex.org/W3024271910","https://openalex.org/W3198486451","https://openalex.org/W2917961983","https://openalex.org/W1488684580","https://openalex.org/W2087603872"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,162,166],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,75],"explore":[4],"automatic":[5],"prediction":[6],"of":[7,10,25,33,62,71,116],"dialect":[8,18,100,155],"density":[9,19,101,156],"the":[11,23,34,45,63,98,114,125,142],"African":[12],"American":[13],"English":[14],"(AAE)":[15],"dialect,":[16],"where":[17],"is":[20,93,136],"defined":[21],"as":[22,168],"percentage":[24],"words":[26],"in":[27,54,122,161,176],"an":[28],"utterance":[29],"that":[30],"contain":[31],"characteristics":[32],"non-standard":[35],"dialect.We":[36],"investigate":[37],"several":[38],"acoustic":[39],"and":[40,50,66,84,105,121,152,164,173],"language":[41],"modeling":[42],"features,":[43],"including":[44],"commonly":[46],"used":[47,95],"X-vector":[48,85],"representation":[49],"Com-ParE":[51],"feature":[52],"set,":[53],"addition":[55],"to":[56,81,96],"information":[57],"extracted":[58],"from":[59,102,141],"ASR":[60],"transcripts":[61],"audio":[64,139],"files":[65],"prosodic":[67,83],"information.To":[68],"address":[69],"issues":[70],"limited":[72],"labeled":[73],"data,":[74],"use":[76],"a":[77,146,169],"weakly":[78],"supervised":[79],"model":[80,92],"project":[82],"features":[86,104,118],"into":[87],"lowdimensional":[88],"task-relevant":[89],"representations.An":[90],"XGBoost":[91],"then":[94],"predict":[97],"speaker's":[99],"these":[103,117],"show":[106,145],"which":[107,129],"are":[108],"most":[109],"significant":[110,147],"during":[111],"inference.We":[112],"evaluate":[113],"utility":[115],"both":[119],"alone":[120],"combination":[123],"for":[124,158,171],"given":[126],"task.This":[127],"work,":[128],"does":[130],"not":[131],"rely":[132],"on":[133,138],"hand-labeled":[134],"transcripts,":[135],"performed":[137],"segments":[140],"CORAAL":[143],"database.We":[144],"correlation":[148],"between":[149],"our":[150],"predicted":[151],"ground":[153],"truth":[154],"measures":[157],"AAE":[159],"speech":[160,177],"database":[163],"propose":[165],"work":[167],"tool":[170],"explaining":[172],"mitigating":[174],"bias":[175],"technology.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-13T07:58:08.660418","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}