{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2395106899","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2014-433","title":"Ensemble deep learning for speech recognition","display_name":"Ensemble deep learning for speech recognition","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-09-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2395106899","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2014-433","mag":"2395106899"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21437/interspeech.2014-433","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2014-433","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interspeech 2014","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100671324","display_name":"Li Deng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1014-0790"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164937","display_name":"Microsoft Research (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/05k87vq12","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Li Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["(Microsoft)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"(Microsoft)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073032636","display_name":"John Platt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5652-5303"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164937","display_name":"Microsoft Research (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/05k87vq12","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John C. Platt","raw_affiliation_strings":["(Microsoft)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"(Microsoft)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100671324"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164937"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":19.6324,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":255,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99398454,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1915","last_page":"1919"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7334151268005371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.5629575252532959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.56074059009552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ensemble-learning","display_name":"Ensemble learning","score":0.5439772605895996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.5164366364479065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.355547159910202}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7334151268005371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.5629575252532959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.56074059009552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45942800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245652","display_name":"Ensemble learning","level":2,"score":0.5439772605895996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5164366364479065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.355547159910202}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21437/interspeech.2014-433","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2014-433","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interspeech 2014","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.7599999904632568,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W179875071","https://openalex.org/W196214544","https://openalex.org/W217970951","https://openalex.org/W1408639475","https://openalex.org/W1553004968","https://openalex.org/W1815076433","https://openalex.org/W1965154800","https://openalex.org/W1984541135","https://openalex.org/W1993882792","https://openalex.org/W2005708641","https://openalex.org/W2011975175","https://openalex.org/W2022011789","https://openalex.org/W2036242736","https://openalex.org/W2071310251","https://openalex.org/W2075925017","https://openalex.org/W2076794394","https://openalex.org/W2084514013","https://openalex.org/W2091432990","https://openalex.org/W2095168618","https://openalex.org/W2100495367","https://openalex.org/W2108563286","https://openalex.org/W2110871230","https://openalex.org/W2112739286","https://openalex.org/W2117671523","https://openalex.org/W2141778357","https://openalex.org/W2143612262","https://openalex.org/W2147768505","https://openalex.org/W2149600041","https://openalex.org/W2163922914","https://openalex.org/W2184045248","https://openalex.org/W2290318471","https://openalex.org/W2296748324","https://openalex.org/W2394932179","https://openalex.org/W2400801499","https://openalex.org/W2403195671","https://openalex.org/W2914369697","https://openalex.org/W2962719052","https://openalex.org/W3181208372"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4308112567","https://openalex.org/W3124943098","https://openalex.org/W3162132941","https://openalex.org/W4321369474","https://openalex.org/W4382345315","https://openalex.org/W3034006481","https://openalex.org/W2773616286","https://openalex.org/W3129712087","https://openalex.org/W2791691546","https://openalex.org/W4310989423"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Deep":[0],"learning":[1,16,32,39,63,112],"systems":[2,40],"have":[3,18],"dramatically":[4],"improved":[5],"the":[6,47,74,95,110,124],"accuracy":[7,45,107],"of":[8,49],"speech":[9],"recognition,":[10],"and":[11,15,24,54,57,77,87],"various":[12],"deep":[13,38,79,111],"architectures":[14],"methods":[17,60],"been":[19],"developed":[20],"with":[21,64,89],"distinct":[22],"strengths":[23],"weaknesses":[25],"in":[26,104,128],"recent":[27],"years.":[28],"How":[29],"can":[30],"ensemble":[31,62],"be":[33],"applied":[34],"to":[35,41,67],"these":[36],"varying":[37],"achieve":[42],"greater":[43],"recognition":[44,106],"is":[46],"focus":[48],"this":[50],"paper.":[51],"We":[52],"develop":[53],"report":[55],"linear":[56],"log-linear":[58],"stacking":[59,109],"for":[61,93,118],"applications":[65],"specifically":[66],"speechclass":[68],"posterior":[69],"probabilities":[70],"as":[71],"computed":[72],"by":[73],"convolutional,":[75],"recurrent,":[76],"fully-connected":[78],"neural":[80],"networks.":[81],"Convex":[82],"optimization":[83],"problems":[84],"are":[85],"formulated":[86],"solved,":[88],"analytical":[90],"formulas":[91],"derived":[92],"training":[94],"ensemble-learning":[96],"parameters.":[97],"Experimental":[98],"results":[99],"demonstrate":[100],"a":[101],"significant":[102],"increase":[103],"phone":[105],"after":[108],"subsystems":[113],"that":[114],"use":[115],"different":[116],"mechanisms":[117],"computing":[119],"high-level,":[120],"hierarchical":[121],"features":[122],"from":[123],"raw":[125],"acoustic":[126],"signals":[127],"speech.":[129]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":35},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-02-14T06:23:00.392402","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}