{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1537729828","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2009-610","title":"Stochastic pronunciation modelling for spoken term detection","display_name":"Stochastic pronunciation modelling for spoken term detection","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-09-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1537729828","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2009-610","mag":"1537729828"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21437/interspeech.2009-610","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2009-610","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interspeech 2009","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1842/3917","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100776545","display_name":"Dong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1286-0644"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Edinburgh"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Edinburgh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062516688","display_name":"Simon King","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2694-2843"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simon King","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Philosophy Psychology and Language Sciences"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Philosophy Psychology and Language Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026893328","display_name":"Joe Frankel","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joe Frankel","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Edinburgh"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Edinburgh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100776545"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.5165,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94344315,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2135","last_page":"2138"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pronunciation","display_name":"Pronunciation","score":0.8933640122413635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.827401876449585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/term","display_name":"Term (time)","score":0.7418831586837769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vocabulary","display_name":"Vocabulary","score":0.6742681264877319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5729281306266785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.5139891505241394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5021963119506836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spoken-language","display_name":"Spoken language","score":0.45326563715934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint","display_name":"Joint (building)","score":0.42009374499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.1253581941127777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.07072263956069946}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780844864","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184377","display_name":"Pronunciation","level":2,"score":0.8933640122413635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.827401876449585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.7418831586837769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6499736","display_name":"Vocabulary","level":2,"score":0.6742681264877319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5729281306266785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.5139891505241394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5021963119506836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776230583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1322198","display_name":"Spoken language","level":2,"score":0.45326563715934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.42009374499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.1253581941127777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07072263956069946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21437/interspeech.2009-610","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2009-610","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interspeech 2009","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:era.ed.ac.uk:1842/3917","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1842/3917","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1842/3917","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055182","display_name":"ERA","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference Paper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.ed.ac.uk:publications/926c84d5-fbc1-4283-94e0-336c90691927","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.research.ed.ac.uk/en/publications/926c84d5-fbc1-4283-94e0-336c90691927","pdf_url":"https://www.pure.ed.ac.uk/ws/files/8425929/Stochastic_pronunciation_modelling_for_spoken_term_detection.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922455","display_name":"Edinburgh Research Explorer","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.148.1415","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.148.1415","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cstr.ed.ac.uk/downloads/publications/2009/spm.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:era.ed.ac.uk:1842/3917","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1842/3917","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1842/3917","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055182","display_name":"ERA","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference Paper"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7799999713897705,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1537729828.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1537729828.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W23025778","https://openalex.org/W30944531","https://openalex.org/W46258296","https://openalex.org/W67332896","https://openalex.org/W114193738","https://openalex.org/W201187342","https://openalex.org/W1495076553","https://openalex.org/W2015688877","https://openalex.org/W2030694415","https://openalex.org/W2090755665","https://openalex.org/W2111338354","https://openalex.org/W2115782554","https://openalex.org/W2133882397","https://openalex.org/W2140576685","https://openalex.org/W2150857077","https://openalex.org/W2156431836","https://openalex.org/W2160177674","https://openalex.org/W2170980774","https://openalex.org/W2612891210"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2183593636","https://openalex.org/W2350724007","https://openalex.org/W2355751417","https://openalex.org/W2423284978","https://openalex.org/W2083922162","https://openalex.org/W2000075989","https://openalex.org/W4220683390","https://openalex.org/W2776838583","https://openalex.org/W2359469050","https://openalex.org/W1607396156"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"major":[1],"challenge":[2],"faced":[3],"by":[4,80],"a":[5,19,60,81,86],"spoken":[6,95],"term":[7,77,96],"detection":[8,13],"(STD)":[9],"system":[10,22],"is":[11,23,31],"the":[12,45,67],"of":[14,48,70],"out-of-vocabulary":[15],"(OOV)":[16],"terms.":[17,37,72],"Although":[18],"subword-based":[20],"STD":[21,41],"able":[24],"to":[25,35,40,64],"detect":[26],"OOV":[27,49,71],"terms,":[28,50],"performance":[29,88],"reduction":[30],"always":[32],"observed":[33],"compared":[34],"in-vocabulary":[36],"Current":[38],"approaches":[39],"do":[42],"not":[43],"acknowledge":[44],"particular":[46],"properties":[47],"such":[51],"as":[52],"pronunciation":[53,62,93],"uncertainty.":[54],"In":[55],"this":[56],"paper,":[57],"we":[58,84],"use":[59],"stochastic":[61],"model":[63],"deal":[65],"with":[66],"uncertain":[68],"pronunciations":[69],"By":[73],"considering":[74],"all":[75],"possible":[76],"pronunciations,":[78],"predicted":[79],"joint-multigram":[82],"model,":[83,94],"observe":[85],"significant":[87],"improvement.":[89],"Index":[90],"Terms:":[91],"joint-multigram,":[92],"detection,":[97],"speech":[98],"recognition":[99]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-07T14:57:38.498316","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
