{"id":"https://openalex.org/W93779363","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2009-380","title":"Optimization of discriminative kernels in SVM speaker verification","display_name":"Optimization of discriminative kernels in SVM speaker verification","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-09-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W93779363","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2009-380","mag":"93779363"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21437/interspeech.2009-380","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2009-380","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interspeech 2009","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111390879","display_name":"Shi-Xiong Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shi-Xiong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong Polytechnic University#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068768998","display_name":"Man\u2010Wai Mak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8854-3760"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Man-Wai Mak","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong Polytechnic University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1275","last_page":"1278"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.984499990940094,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.8211500644683838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","score":0.760244607925415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.6963268518447876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6614301204681396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6606991291046143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminant","display_name":"Discriminant","score":0.6003144383430481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequence","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","score":0.6000745892524719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reproducing-kernel-hilbert-space","display_name":"Reproducing kernel Hilbert space","score":0.591816782951355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5644724369049072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","score":0.5239505767822266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.5005161762237549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speaker-recognition","display_name":"Speaker recognition","score":0.48036155104637146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-discriminant-analysis","display_name":"Linear discriminant analysis","score":0.4747474789619446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.47180595993995667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speaker-diarisation","display_name":"Speaker diarisation","score":0.4186321496963501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel-method","display_name":"Kernel method","score":0.4156007468700409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hilbert-space","display_name":"Hilbert space","score":0.4085221588611603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3075127601623535}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.8211500644683838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.760244607925415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.6963268518447876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6614301204681396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6606991291046143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78397625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192487","display_name":"Discriminant","level":2,"score":0.6003144383430481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778112365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511065","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6000745892524719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80884492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3345678","display_name":"Reproducing kernel Hilbert space","level":3,"score":0.591816782951355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5644724369049072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.5239505767822266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.5005161762237549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133892786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1145189","display_name":"Speaker recognition","level":2,"score":0.48036155104637146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69738355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1228929","display_name":"Linear discriminant analysis","level":2,"score":0.4747474789619446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.47180595993995667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149838564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574248","display_name":"Speaker diarisation","level":3,"score":0.4186321496963501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122280245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620622","display_name":"Kernel method","level":3,"score":0.4156007468700409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62799726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190056","display_name":"Hilbert space","level":2,"score":0.4085221588611603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3075127601623535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21437/interspeech.2009-380","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2009-380","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interspeech 2009","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ira.lib.polyu.edu.hk:10397/114612","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10397/114612","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400205","display_name":"PolyU Institutional Research Archive (Hong Kong Polytechnic University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference Paper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.158.315","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.158.315","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.eie.polyu.edu.hk/~mwmak/papers/interspeech09.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.222.2123","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.222.2123","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://mi.eng.cam.ac.uk/%7Esxz20/pdfs/ZhangMak_Interspeech09.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ira.lib.polyu.edu.hk:10397/44459","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10397/44459","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400205","display_name":"PolyU Institutional Research Archive (Hong Kong Polytechnic University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference Paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7699999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W196585685","https://openalex.org/W2014158063","https://openalex.org/W2041823554","https://openalex.org/W2088032561","https://openalex.org/W2104128541","https://openalex.org/W2127469750","https://openalex.org/W2136880172","https://openalex.org/W2147147599","https://openalex.org/W2148603752","https://openalex.org/W2155230809","https://openalex.org/W2156512439","https://openalex.org/W2161231759","https://openalex.org/W2168900466","https://openalex.org/W3145606929"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2206035908","https://openalex.org/W4247736853","https://openalex.org/W2162158162","https://openalex.org/W1493012537","https://openalex.org/W1999004162","https://openalex.org/W2175373321","https://openalex.org/W2125642021","https://openalex.org/W1521049138","https://openalex.org/W2938358845","https://openalex.org/W2997340161"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"important":[1],"aspect":[2],"of":[3,11,32,60,85,104],"SVM-based":[4],"speaker":[5,47,112,131,165],"verification":[6,48],"systems":[7],"is":[8,76,81],"the":[9,29,57,90,102,139,143,154],"design":[10],"sequence":[12,145,169],"kernels.":[13,146],"These":[14],"kernels":[15,44,87,141],"should":[16],"be":[17,39],"able":[18],"to":[19,24,38,67,89,108,126],"map":[20],"variable-length":[21],"observation":[22],"sequences":[23],"fixed-size":[25],"supervectors":[26],"that":[27,79,138],"capture":[28],"dynamic":[30],"characteristics":[31],"speech":[33],"utterances":[34],"and":[35,129],"allow":[36],"speakers":[37],"easily":[40],"distinguished.":[41],"Most":[42],"existing":[43],"in":[45,78],"SVM":[46,120],"are":[49,98],"obtained":[50,99],"by":[51,100],"assuming":[52],"a":[53,69,82,105,110],"specific":[54],"form":[55],"for":[56],"similarity":[58],"function":[59,75,107],"supervectors.":[61],"This":[62],"paper":[63],"relaxes":[64],"this":[65],"assumption":[66],"derive":[68],"new":[70],"general":[71,77],"kernel.":[72],"The":[73,95,122],"kernel":[74,92],"it":[80],"linear":[83],"combination":[84,96],"any":[86],"belonging":[88],"reproducing":[91],"Hilbert":[93],"space.":[94],"weights":[97],"optimizing":[101],"ability":[103],"discriminant":[106],"separate":[109],"target":[111],"from":[113],"impostors":[114],"using":[115],"either":[116],"regression":[117],"analysis":[118],"or":[119],"training.":[121],"idea":[123],"was":[124,150],"applied":[125],"both":[127,134],"low-":[128],"high-level":[130,155,172],"verification.":[132],"In":[133],"cases,":[135],"results":[136],"show":[137],"proposed":[140],"outperform":[142],"state-of-the-art":[144],"Further":[147],"performance":[148],"enhancement":[149],"also":[151],"observed":[152],"when":[153],"scores":[156],"were":[157],"combined":[158],"with":[159],"acoustic":[160],"scores.":[161],"Index":[162],"Terms":[163],"\u2014":[164],"verification;":[166],"optimal":[167],"kernels;":[168,170],"SVM;":[171],"features.":[173],"1.":[174]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}