{"id":"https://openalex.org/W36368710","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2009-191","title":"How to improve TTS systems for emotional expressivity","display_name":"How to improve TTS systems for emotional expressivity","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-09-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W36368710","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2009-191","mag":"36368710"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21437/interspeech.2009-191","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2009-191","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interspeech 2009","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/817056","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088411831","display_name":"Antonio Rui Ferreira Rebord\u00e3o","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonio Rui Ferreira Rebordao","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112715267","display_name":"Mostafa Al Masum Shaikh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2627-7739"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mostafa Al Masum Shaikh","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108197272","display_name":"Keikichi Hirose","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keikichi Hirose","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041213266","display_name":"Nobuaki Minematsu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8778-9555"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nobuaki Minematsu","raw_affiliation_strings":["university of Tokyo;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"university of Tokyo;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"524","last_page":"527"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10664","display_name":"Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10664","display_name":"Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expressivity","display_name":"Expressivity","score":0.783202052116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.761688768863678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/connotation","display_name":"Connotation","score":0.637912392616272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/xml","display_name":"XML","score":0.6322985291481018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6117227077484131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.5056543350219727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-processing","display_name":"Speech processing","score":0.4529118537902832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3918396830558777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.18584111332893372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.08998540043830872}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92811239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20998670","display_name":"Expressivity","level":2,"score":0.783202052116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.761688768863678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778120531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q661062","display_name":"Connotation","level":2,"score":0.637912392616272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8797682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2115","display_name":"XML","level":2,"score":0.6322985291481018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6117227077484131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.5056543350219727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61328038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3358061","display_name":"Speech processing","level":2,"score":0.4529118537902832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3918396830558777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.18584111332893372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.08998540043830872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21437/interspeech.2009-191","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2009-191","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interspeech 2009","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:archive.ugent.be:817056","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-817056","pdf_url":"https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/817056","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400478","display_name":"Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I32597200","host_organization_name":"Ghent University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISBN: 9781615676927","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:archive.ugent.be:817056","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-817056","pdf_url":"https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/817056","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400478","display_name":"Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I32597200","host_organization_name":"Ghent University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISBN: 9781615676927","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7300000190734863,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W36368710.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W140611833","https://openalex.org/W1523135049","https://openalex.org/W1563645159","https://openalex.org/W1967198690","https://openalex.org/W1969386661","https://openalex.org/W1977137834","https://openalex.org/W2014902591","https://openalex.org/W2075718943","https://openalex.org/W2147634797","https://openalex.org/W2163455955","https://openalex.org/W2396960156"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2981428355","https://openalex.org/W1834994814","https://openalex.org/W2041273198","https://openalex.org/W1599055764","https://openalex.org/W2131711534","https://openalex.org/W2149163000","https://openalex.org/W2962858469","https://openalex.org/W2289873871","https://openalex.org/W2559040841","https://openalex.org/W114661351"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Several":[0],"experiments":[1],"have":[2],"been":[3],"carried":[4],"out":[5],"that":[6,48,110],"revealed":[7],"weaknesses":[8],"of":[9,26,40,123],"the":[10,38,54,77,103,121],"current":[11],"Text-To-Speech":[12],"(TTS)":[13],"systems":[14,22],"in":[15,81,127],"their":[16],"emotional":[17,58,88,112,125],"expressivity.":[18,59],"Although":[19],"some":[20],"TTS":[21,104],"allow":[23],"XML-based":[24],"representations":[25],"prosodic":[27,68,96],"and/or":[28],"phonetic":[29],"variables,":[30],"few":[31],"publications":[32],"considered,":[33],"as":[34],"a":[35,63,82],"pre-processing":[36,101],"stage,":[37],"use":[39],"intelligent":[41],"text":[42,83],"processing":[43],"to":[44,52,86,106],"detect":[45],"affective":[46,72,78],"information":[47,79],"can":[49],"be":[50],"used":[51],"tailor":[53],"parameters":[55,97],"needed":[56],"for":[57,65],"This":[60,74,100],"paper":[61],"describes":[62],"technique":[64,75],"an":[66],"automatic":[67],"parameterization":[69],"based":[70],"on":[71],"clues.":[73,113],"recognizes":[76],"conveyed":[80],"and,":[84],"accordingly":[85],"its":[87],"connotation,":[89],"assigns":[90],"appropriate":[91],"pitch":[92],"accents":[93],"and":[94,119],"other":[95],"by":[98],"XML-tagging.":[99],"assists":[102],"system":[105],"generate":[107],"synthesized":[108],"speech":[109,128],"contains":[111],"The":[114],"experimental":[115],"results":[116],"are":[117],"encouraging":[118],"suggest":[120],"possibility":[122],"suitable":[124],"expressivity":[126],"synthesis.":[129]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
