{"id":"https://openalex.org/W161593879","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2007-422","title":"Automatic estimation of scaling factors among probabilistic models in speech recognition","display_name":"Automatic estimation of scaling factors among probabilistic models in speech recognition","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-08-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W161593879","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2007-422","mag":"161593879"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21437/interspeech.2007-422","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2007-422","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interspeech 2007","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109800469","display_name":"Tadashi Emori","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tadashi Emori","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084335268","display_name":"Yoshifumi Onishi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6314-718X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yoshifumi Onishi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081629487","display_name":"Koichi Shinoda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1095-3203"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Koichi Shinoda","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4313,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84537065,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1453","last_page":"1456"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.8795999884605408,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.8795999884605408,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.8080000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7281357645988464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.6867380142211914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.6337762475013733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation","display_name":"Estimation","score":0.6256038546562195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scaling","display_name":"Scaling","score":0.5403755903244019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4784557819366455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-model","display_name":"Statistical model","score":0.41870179772377014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.37146633863449097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.32036805152893066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12632665038108826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10244214534759521}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7281357645988464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.6867380142211914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.6337762475013733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.6256038546562195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99844830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102441924","display_name":"Scaling","level":2,"score":0.5403755903244019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4784557819366455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114289077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3284399","display_name":"Statistical model","level":2,"score":0.41870179772377014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.37146633863449097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.32036805152893066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12632665038108826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10244214534759521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21437/interspeech.2007-422","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2007-422","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interspeech 2007","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.219.3208","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.219.3208","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.ks.cs.titech.ac.jp/publication/2007/IS2007_1453.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:t2r2.star.titech.ac.jp:50061140","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://t2r2.star.titech.ac.jp/cgi-bin/publicationinfo.cgi?q_publication_content_number=CTT100575083","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196385","display_name":"Tokyo Tech Research Repository (Tokyo Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I114531698","host_organization_name":"Tokyo Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference Paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","score":0.4399999976158142,"display_name":"Gender equality"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W141820298","https://openalex.org/W2049584446","https://openalex.org/W2079781215","https://openalex.org/W2002739602","https://openalex.org/W1968042686","https://openalex.org/W2897881820","https://openalex.org/W2345647014","https://openalex.org/W2201192772","https://openalex.org/W3136891595","https://openalex.org/W1964819397"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,83],"propose":[1],"an":[2,22,85],"efficient":[3],"new":[4],"method":[5,68],"for":[6],"estimating":[7],"scaling":[8,30,38,51,96,112,139],"factors":[9,31,39,52,113],"among":[10,35],"probabilistic":[11],"models":[12],"in":[13,43,106,121,132],"speech":[14,17,137],"recognition.":[15],"Most":[16],"recognition":[18,44],"systems":[19],"consist":[20],"of":[21,57],"acoustic":[23],"and":[24,28,61,93,126],"a":[25,58,66,73,90,122],"language":[26],"model,":[27,60,142],"require":[29],"to":[32,103,117],"balance":[33],"probabilities":[34],"them.":[36],"The":[37],"are":[40,53,63],"conventionally":[41],"optimized":[42],"tests.":[45],"In":[46,109],"our":[47],"proposed":[48],"method,":[49],"the":[50,71,94,104],"regarded":[54],"as":[55],"parameters":[56],"log-linear":[59,141],"they":[62,127],"estimated":[64,111],"using":[65,81],"gradient-ascent":[67],"based":[69],"on":[70],"maximum":[72],"posteriori":[74],"probability":[75,78],"criterion.":[76],"Posterior":[77],"is":[79,99],"computed":[80],"word-lattices.":[82],"employ":[84],"iteration":[86],"technique":[87],"which":[88],"repeats":[89],"word-lattice-generation/scalingfactor-estimation":[91],"process,":[92],"resulting":[95],"factor":[97],"estimation":[98],"robust":[100],"with":[101,130],"respect":[102],"changes":[105],"initial":[107,133],"values.":[108,134],"experiments,":[110],"were":[114],"nearly":[115],"identical":[116],"optimal":[118],"values":[119],"obtained":[120],"greedy":[123],"grid":[124],"search,":[125],"changed":[128],"little":[129],"variations":[131],"Index":[135],"Terms:":[136],"recognition,":[138],"factor,":[140],"word":[143],"lattice":[144]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-02T09:51:11.867554","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}