{"id":"https://openalex.org/W25245552","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2006-601","title":"Prosodic feature generation for back-channel prediction","display_name":"Prosodic feature generation for back-channel prediction","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-09-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W25245552","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2006-601","mag":"25245552"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21437/interspeech.2006-601","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2006-601","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interspeech 2006","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047351656","display_name":"Thamar Solorio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3541-9405"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164936912","display_name":"The University of Texas at El Paso","ror":"https://ror.org/04d5vba33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164936912"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Thamar Solorio","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas at, El Paso"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas at, El Paso","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164936912"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055407937","display_name":"Olac Fuentes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2406-7245"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164936912","display_name":"The University of Texas at El Paso","ror":"https://ror.org/04d5vba33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164936912"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Olac Fuentes","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas at, El Paso"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas at, El Paso","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164936912"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039116422","display_name":"Nigel G. Ward","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164936912","display_name":"The University of Texas at El Paso","ror":"https://ror.org/04d5vba33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164936912"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nigel G. Ward","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas at, El Paso"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas at, El Paso","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164936912"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077163917","display_name":"Yaffa Al Bayyari","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164936912","display_name":"The University of Texas at El Paso","ror":"https://ror.org/04d5vba33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164936912"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yaffa Al Bayyari","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas at, El Paso"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas at, El Paso","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164936912"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047351656"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164936912"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3972,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83508204,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"paper 1724","last_page":"Thu1FoP.11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7462198734283447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.6089683771133423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5862760543823242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5824645757675171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recall","display_name":"Recall","score":0.5536749958992004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.550135612487793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.5378552675247192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.5154362916946411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arabic","display_name":"Arabic","score":0.5070981979370117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoding","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","score":0.48990362882614136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.44810572266578674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.39120492339134216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3759706914424896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.35328567028045654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.13505586981773376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11097869277000427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.09688979387283325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.08567070960998535}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7462198734283447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6089683771133423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5862760543823242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5824645757675171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100660578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18733","display_name":"Recall","level":2,"score":0.5536749958992004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.550135612487793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.5378552675247192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5154362916946411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96455323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13955","display_name":"Arabic","level":2,"score":0.5070981979370117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.48990362882614136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.44810572266578674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.39120492339134216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3759706914424896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.35328567028045654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13505586981773376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11097869277000427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.09688979387283325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.08567070960998535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21437/interspeech.2006-601","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2006-601","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interspeech 2006","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.74.3365","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.74.3365","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.utep.edu/nigel/papers/solorio06.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5099999904632568,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W81035581","https://openalex.org/W228988231","https://openalex.org/W1555354465","https://openalex.org/W1585637816","https://openalex.org/W1689445748","https://openalex.org/W2118748593","https://openalex.org/W3099811482","https://openalex.org/W3214102110"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4249048193","https://openalex.org/W3000360420","https://openalex.org/W1931440630","https://openalex.org/W3172144307","https://openalex.org/W2118758177","https://openalex.org/W4396855230","https://openalex.org/W4330338194","https://openalex.org/W2153520307","https://openalex.org/W2129888767","https://openalex.org/W4365815255"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Using":[0],"prosodic":[1],"information":[2],"to":[3],"predict":[4],"when":[5],"back-channels":[6],"are":[7],"appropriate":[8],"in":[9,64],"spontaneous":[10],"dialogs":[11],"has":[12],"become":[13],"somewhat":[14],"of":[15,32,45,59],"a":[16,85],"reference":[17],"problem":[18],"for":[19],"automatic":[20],"discovery":[21],"techniques.":[22],"Here":[23],"we":[24,68],"present":[25],"experiments":[26],"with":[27],"two":[28],"ideas:":[29],"the":[30,43,49,57],"use":[31,44],"features":[33],"derived":[34],"from":[35],"randomly":[36],"generated":[37],"pitch":[38],"and":[39,42,73,88],"energy":[40],"filters,":[41],"instancebased":[46],"learning,":[47],"specifically":[48],"Locally":[50],"Weighted":[51],"Linear":[52],"Regression":[53],"(LWLR)":[54],"algorithm.":[55],"For":[56],"task":[58],"predicting":[60],"possible":[61],"backchannel":[62],"locations":[63],"Iraqi":[65],"Arabic":[66],"[6],":[67],"obtain":[69],"22":[70],"%":[71,75],"precision":[72],"51":[74],"recall,":[76],"which":[77],"is":[78],"as":[79,81],"good":[80],"that":[82],"obtained":[83],"using":[84],"laboriously":[86],"developed":[87],"hand-tuned":[89],"rule.":[90],"1.":[91]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}