{"id":"https://openalex.org/W76036137","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2005-207","title":"Formant frequency prediction from MFCC vectors in noisy environments","display_name":"Formant frequency prediction from MFCC vectors in noisy environments","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-09-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W76036137","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2005-207","mag":"76036137"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21437/interspeech.2005-207","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2005-207","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interspeech 2005","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063817485","display_name":"Jonathan Darch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6796-9041"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan Darch","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023076395","display_name":"Ben Milner","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ben Milner","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing Sciences"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing Sciences","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109547430","display_name":"Saeed V. Vaseghi","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saeed Vaseghi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4594,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71836832,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1129","last_page":"1132"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10403","display_name":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formant","display_name":"Formant","score":0.9642699956893921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mel-frequency-cepstrum","display_name":"Mel-frequency cepstrum","score":0.8736155033111572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6408887505531311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mixture-model","display_name":"Mixture model","score":0.6391599774360657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.6109937429428101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximum-a-posteriori-estimation","display_name":"Maximum a posteriori estimation","score":0.5743716955184937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.56414794921875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cepstrum","display_name":"Cepstrum","score":0.4537723958492279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4438186287879944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vocabulary","display_name":"Vocabulary","score":0.4212353527545929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.35388535261154175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.26596054434776306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.18120065331459045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximum-likelihood","display_name":"Maximum likelihood","score":0.14017754793167114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.10908445715904236}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158215666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414685","display_name":"Formant","level":3,"score":0.9642699956893921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151989614","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q440370","display_name":"Mel-frequency cepstrum","level":3,"score":0.8736155033111572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6408887505531311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61224824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2260434","display_name":"Mixture model","level":2,"score":0.6391599774360657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.6109937429428101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9810830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q635384","display_name":"Maximum a posteriori estimation","level":3,"score":0.5743716955184937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.56414794921875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88485024","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1054571","display_name":"Cepstrum","level":2,"score":0.4537723958492279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4438186287879944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6499736","display_name":"Vocabulary","level":2,"score":0.4212353527545929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.35388535261154175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.26596054434776306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.18120065331459045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49781872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1045555","display_name":"Maximum likelihood","level":2,"score":0.14017754793167114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.10908445715904236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779581591","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36244","display_name":"Vowel","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21437/interspeech.2005-207","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2005-207","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Interspeech 2005","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk:22471","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/22471/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400384","display_name":"UEA Digital Repository (University of East Anglia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1118541","host_organization_name":"University of East Anglia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1118541"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference or Workshop Item"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.5899999737739563}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1506033385","https://openalex.org/W2019183077","https://openalex.org/W2098885262","https://openalex.org/W2137075158"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2368661496","https://openalex.org/W2380156283","https://openalex.org/W2085241361","https://openalex.org/W2018337942","https://openalex.org/W2137133401","https://openalex.org/W2394579548","https://openalex.org/W2018086531","https://openalex.org/W2005300405","https://openalex.org/W1980297060","https://openalex.org/W2019183077"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,11,29,52,54,71,79,105,139],"method":[4],"of":[5,10,13,28,39,58,90,97,111,118],"predicting":[6],"the":[7,26,36,59,88,95,100,116,143],"formant":[8,40,60,91,107,121,146],"frequencies":[9,41,61],"frame":[12],"speech":[14],"from":[15],"its":[16],"mel-frequency":[17],"cepstral":[18],"coefficient":[19],"(MFCC)":[20],"representation.":[21],"Prediction":[22],"is":[23,62,67,102,124,130,149],"achieved":[24],"through":[25],"creation":[27],"Gaussian":[30],"mixture":[31],"model":[32],"(GMM)":[33],"which":[34],"models":[35],"joint":[37],"density":[38],"and":[42,47,77],"MFCCs.":[43],"Using":[44],"this":[45],"GMM":[46,101,140],"an":[48],"input":[49],"MFCC":[50],"vector,":[51],"maximum":[53],"posteriori":[55],"(MAP)":[56],"prediction":[57,65,93,109,122,147],"generated.":[63],"Formant":[64],"accuracy":[66,89,123,129,148],"evaluated":[68],"on":[69,78,120],"both":[70],"constrained":[72],"vocabulary":[73,83],"connected":[74],"digits":[75],"database":[76],"5000":[80],"word":[81],"large":[82],"database.":[84],"Experiments":[85],"first":[86],"examine":[87],"frequency":[92,108],"as":[94],"number":[96],"clusters":[98],"in":[99,128],"varied":[103],"with":[104,132],"best":[106],"error":[110],"3.72%":[112],"being":[113],"obtained.":[114],"Secondly":[115],"effect":[117],"noise":[119,144],"examined.":[125],"A":[126],"fall":[127],"observed":[131],"reducing":[133],"signal-to-noise":[134],"ratios,":[135],"but":[136],"by":[137],"using":[138],"matched":[141],"to":[142],"conditions":[145],"significantly":[150],"improved.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}