{"id":"https://openalex.org/W153444084","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21437/icslp.2002-400","title":"A comparison of two LVR search optimization techniques","display_name":"A comparison of two LVR search optimization techniques","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-09-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W153444084","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21437/icslp.2002-400","mag":"153444084"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21437/icslp.2002-400","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21437/icslp.2002-400","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"7th International Conference on Spoken Language Processing (ICSLP 2002)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037867732","display_name":"Stephan Kanthak","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephan Kanthak","raw_affiliation_strings":["[Rwth Aachen University]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Rwth Aachen University]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112501010","display_name":"Hermann Ney","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","display_name":"RWTH Aachen University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfq0f34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hermann Ney","raw_affiliation_strings":["[Rwth Aachen University]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Rwth Aachen University]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014137885","display_name":"Michael Riley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9449-025X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283103587","display_name":"AT&T (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02bbd5539","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Riley","raw_affiliation_strings":["At&T#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"At&T#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058849006","display_name":"Mehryar Mohri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3987-9847"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283103587","display_name":"AT&T (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02bbd5539","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mehryar Mohri","raw_affiliation_strings":["At&T#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"At&T#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":45,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1309","last_page":"1312"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6788026690483093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.5940237641334534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vocabulary","display_name":"Vocabulary","score":0.5801211595535278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.5214775800704956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path","display_name":"Path (computing)","score":0.5150208473205566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word-error-rate","display_name":"Word error rate","score":0.5084508657455444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.4993879795074463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","score":0.46602535247802734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-algorithm","display_name":"Search algorithm","score":0.4415373206138611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.42512667179107666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3432673513889313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3311805725097656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.16366475820541382}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6788026690483093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5940237641334534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6499736","display_name":"Vocabulary","level":2,"score":0.5801211595535278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.5214775800704956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777735758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817765","display_name":"Path (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5150208473205566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40969351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3516228","display_name":"Word error rate","level":2,"score":0.5084508657455444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.4993879795074463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.46602535247802734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125583679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q755673","display_name":"Search algorithm","level":2,"score":0.4415373206138611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.42512667179107666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3432673513889313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3311805725097656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.16366475820541382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21437/icslp.2002-400","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21437/icslp.2002-400","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"7th International Conference on Spoken Language Processing (ICSLP 2002)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.13.4680","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.13.4680","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www-i6.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/PostScript/InterneArbeiten/Kanthak_A_Comparison_of_two_LVR_Search_Optimization_Techniques_ICSLP_2002.ps","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.298.7573","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.298.7573","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www-i6.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/publications/download/446/Kanthak-ICSLP-2002.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.6.9640","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.6.9640","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.research.att.com/~mohri/postscript/rwth.ps","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publications.rwth-aachen.de:113607","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publications.rwth-aachen.de/record/113607","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401362","display_name":"RWTH Publications (RWTH Aachen)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I887968799","host_organization_name":"RWTH Aachen University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887968799"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Conference proceedings / ICSLP 2002, 7th International Conference on Spoken Language Processing ; INTERSPEECH 2002 ; September 16 - 20, 2002, Denver, Colorado / sponsored by ISCA<br/>7. International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, INTERSPEECH 2002, Denver, CO, USA, 2002-09-16 - 2002-09-20","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.6200000047683716}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W10656737","https://openalex.org/W148759169","https://openalex.org/W1481329844","https://openalex.org/W1576943562","https://openalex.org/W1903115690","https://openalex.org/W1967325250","https://openalex.org/W2046932483","https://openalex.org/W2143919998","https://openalex.org/W2168320035","https://openalex.org/W2336725036"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2349784553","https://openalex.org/W3022596247","https://openalex.org/W2601444686","https://openalex.org/W4307058054","https://openalex.org/W4292238148","https://openalex.org/W4323660495","https://openalex.org/W2385319785","https://openalex.org/W2900827440","https://openalex.org/W1997182898","https://openalex.org/W2944691285"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,87],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,82],"detailed":[4],"comparison":[5,62],"between":[6],"two":[7,46],"search":[8,22,70,105],"optimization":[9],"techniques":[10],"for":[11,81],"large":[12],"vocabulary":[13],"speech":[14],"recognition":[15],"--":[16],"one":[17,25],"based":[18,26],"on":[19,27],"word-conditioned":[20],"tree":[21],"(WCTS)":[23],"and":[24,40,56,72,98],"weighted":[28],"finite-state":[29],"transducers":[30],"(WFSTs).":[31],"Existing":[32],"North":[33],"American":[34],"Business":[35],"News":[36],"systems":[37],"from":[38],"RWTH":[39],"AT&amp;amp;T":[41],"representing":[42],"each":[43],"of":[44,96],"the":[45,65,78,93,103],"approaches,":[47],"were":[48],"modified":[49],"to":[50,90],"remove":[51],"variations":[52],"in":[53,92,102],"model":[54],"data":[55],"acoustic":[57],"likelihood":[58],"computation.":[59],"An":[60],"experimental":[61],"showed":[63],"that":[64],"WFST-based":[66],"system":[67,80],"explored":[68],"fewer":[69],"states":[71],"had":[73],"less":[74],"runtime":[75],"overhead":[76],"than":[77],"WCTS-based":[79],"given":[83],"word":[84],"error":[85],"rate.":[86],"is":[88],"attributed":[89],"differences":[91],"pre-compilation,":[94],"degree":[95],"non-determinism,":[97],"path":[99],"weight":[100],"distribution":[101],"respective":[104],"graphs.":[106]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
