{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1895285254","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21437/icslp.2002-306","title":"Grammar specialisation meets language modelling","display_name":"Grammar specialisation meets language modelling","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-09-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1895285254","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21437/icslp.2002-306","mag":"1895285254"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21437/icslp.2002-306","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21437/icslp.2002-306","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"7th International Conference on Spoken Language Processing (ICSLP 2002)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076385236","display_name":"Manny Rayner","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manny Rayner","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010808154","display_name":"Beth Ann Hockey","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Beth Ann Hockey","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067610097","display_name":"John Dowding","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Dowding","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"913","last_page":"916"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.8810999989509583,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.8810999989509583,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.762033224105835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grammar","display_name":"Grammar","score":0.591293215751648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.514325737953186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.47566360235214233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.4406335651874542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.39171722531318665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.09929174184799194}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.762033224105835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26022165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8091","display_name":"Grammar","level":2,"score":0.591293215751648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.514325737953186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.47566360235214233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.4406335651874542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.39171722531318665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.09929174184799194}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21437/icslp.2002-306","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21437/icslp.2002-306","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"7th International Conference on Spoken Language Processing (ICSLP 2002)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.699999988079071}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2063575861","https://openalex.org/W4231937131","https://openalex.org/W3188962172","https://openalex.org/W323219885","https://openalex.org/W2063928587","https://openalex.org/W2130654837","https://openalex.org/W2772917594","https://openalex.org/W1487966966","https://openalex.org/W1589342014","https://openalex.org/W3204019825"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
