{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2944923565","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21437/icslp.1996-477","title":"Improving text-to-speech synthesis","display_name":"Improving text-to-speech synthesis","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-10-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2944923565","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21437/icslp.1996-477","mag":"2944923565"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21437/icslp.1996-477","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21437/icslp.1996-477","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607739","display_name":"4th International Conference on Spoken Language Processing (ICSLP 1996)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"4th International Conference on Spoken Language Processing (ICSLP 1996)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109529893","display_name":"Mark Tatham","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mark Tatham","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014431855","display_name":"Eric Lewis","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric Lewis","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109529893"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.34318902,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1856","last_page":"1859"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9882000088691711,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9882000088691711,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9610000252723694,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9253000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/naturalness","display_name":"Naturalness","score":0.9165982604026794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-synthesis","display_name":"Speech synthesis","score":0.8365669846534729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7401944994926453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intonation","display_name":"Intonation (linguistics)","score":0.7131726145744324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.5819385051727295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5068429112434387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rhythm","display_name":"Rhythm","score":0.47096019983291626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-corpus","display_name":"Speech corpus","score":0.4616568982601166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-technology","display_name":"Speech technology","score":0.44210153818130493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.42216914892196655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.26856905221939087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.05425170063972473}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134537474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17144832","display_name":"Naturalness","level":2,"score":0.9165982604026794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14999030","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16346","display_name":"Speech synthesis","level":2,"score":0.8365669846534729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7401944994926453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781045179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5576720","display_name":"Intonation (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.7131726145744324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.5819385051727295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5068429112434387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135343436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170406","display_name":"Rhythm","level":2,"score":0.47096019983291626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91863865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4349497","display_name":"Speech corpus","level":3,"score":0.4616568982601166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C504749915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9010971","display_name":"Speech technology","level":3,"score":0.44210153818130493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.42216914892196655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.26856905221939087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.05425170063972473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21437/icslp.1996-477","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21437/icslp.1996-477","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607739","display_name":"4th International Conference on Spoken Language Processing (ICSLP 1996)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"4th International Conference on Spoken Language Processing (ICSLP 1996)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.4300000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1914543332","https://openalex.org/W2946856121","https://openalex.org/W2535215250","https://openalex.org/W2108985546","https://openalex.org/W2081919107","https://openalex.org/W4391272374","https://openalex.org/W4200068392","https://openalex.org/W2184371793","https://openalex.org/W2537969829","https://openalex.org/W4312742405"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Naturalness":[0],"in":[1,27,37,60],"human":[2,61],"speech":[3,19,79],"is":[4,51],"dependent":[5],"on":[6],"a":[7,16,32,74],"number":[8],"of":[9,34,46,56,86],"factors":[10,26,45],"and":[11,48,70],"the":[12,38,43,52,58],"extent":[13],"to":[14,18,78],"which":[15],"text":[17,77],"synthesis":[20,80],"system":[21],"can":[22],"account":[23],"for":[24],"these":[25],"its":[28,35],"model":[29],"will":[30],"be":[31],"measure":[33],"success":[36],"marketplace.":[39],"As":[40],"well":[41],"as":[42],"obvious":[44],"rhythm":[47],"intonation,":[49],"there":[50],"more":[53],"difficult":[54],"question":[55],"modelling":[57],"variability":[59],"speech.":[62],"The":[63],"paper":[64],"discusses":[65],"how":[66],"SPRUCE":[67],"(E.":[68],"Lewis":[69],"M.A.A.":[71],"Tatham,":[72],"1991),":[73],"high":[75],"level":[76],"system,":[81],"incorporates":[82],"several":[83],"different":[84],"types":[85],"variability.":[87]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}