{"id":"https://openalex.org/W78894071","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21437/icslp.1994-183","title":"A study on pitch pattern generation using HMM-based statistical information","display_name":"A study on pitch pattern generation using HMM-based statistical information","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-09-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W78894071","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21437/icslp.1994-183","mag":"78894071"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21437/icslp.1994-183","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21437/icslp.1994-183","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"3rd International Conference on Spoken Language Processing (ICSLP 1994)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041393610","display_name":"Toshiaki Fukada","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Toshiaki Fukada","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048447624","display_name":"Yasuhiro Komori","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1962-7068"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yasuhiro Komori","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075102733","display_name":"Takashi Aso","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Takashi Aso","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068824044","display_name":"Yasunori Ohora","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yasunori Ohora","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041393610"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6094,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7843703,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"723","last_page":"726"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14156","display_name":"Engineering Applied Research","score":0.8504999876022339,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14156","display_name":"Engineering Applied Research","score":0.8504999876022339,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hidden-markov-model","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","score":0.7810737490653992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6732839345932007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.5859461426734924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4784446060657501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-analysis","display_name":"Statistical analysis","score":0.4339015781879425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.43064606189727783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.1699032187461853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10936430096626282}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.7810737490653992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6732839345932007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.5859461426734924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4784446060657501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986587452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938438","display_name":"Statistical analysis","level":2,"score":0.4339015781879425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.43064606189727783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.1699032187461853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10936430096626282}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21437/icslp.1994-183","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21437/icslp.1994-183","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"3rd International Conference on Spoken Language Processing (ICSLP 1994)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.40.7580","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.40.7580","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://pecan.srv.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/user/tfukada/www/pub/fukada/fukadaICSLP94.ps.gz","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2136763963","https://openalex.org/W2109705048","https://openalex.org/W2940588515","https://openalex.org/W1909151225","https://openalex.org/W1987783679","https://openalex.org/W2160030256","https://openalex.org/W1521297879","https://openalex.org/W4253235840","https://openalex.org/W3151937861","https://openalex.org/W2033914206"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"describes":[2],"a":[3],"novel":[4],"pitch":[5],"pattern":[6],"generation":[7,80,124],"method":[8,84,113],"for":[9,133],"speech":[10,134],"synthesis":[11],"using":[12,36],"Hidden":[13],"Markov":[14],"Models":[15],"(HMMs).":[16],"In":[17,76],"the":[18,21,55,66,70,77,82,100,103,111],"proposed":[19,83,112],"method,":[20],"F0":[22,37,73,78,105,140],"contours":[23,74],"of":[24,92,110,126,139],"minor":[25],"phrase":[26],"are":[27,34,60],"modeled":[28],"by":[29],"HMMs":[30],"(pitch-HMMs).":[31],"The":[32,62],"pitch-HMMs":[33,67],"trained":[35],"and":[38,102],"1F0":[39],"considering":[40],"phonetic":[41],"environments":[42],"(e.g.":[43],"accent":[44,57],"type,":[45],"mora":[46,48],"count,":[47],"position,":[49],"phonemic":[50],"category,":[51],"etc.).":[52],"To":[53],"evaluate":[54],"pitch-HMMs,":[56],"identification":[58],"experiments":[59],"performed.":[61],"results":[63],"indicate":[64],"that":[65],"can":[68],"capture":[69],"movement":[71],"in":[72],"appropriately.":[75],"contour":[79,141],"experiments,":[81],"yields":[85],"an":[86,108],"averaged":[87],"root":[88],"mean":[89],"square":[90],"error":[91],"132cent":[93],"(equivalent":[94],"to":[95,114],"9.2Hz":[96],"at":[97],"120Hz)":[98],"between":[99],"original":[101],"generated":[104],"contours.":[106],"Furthermore,":[107],"application":[109],"text-to-speech":[115],"system":[116],"is":[117,131],"also":[118],"discussed.":[119],"1.":[120],"INTRODUCTION":[121],"A":[122],"good":[123],"model":[125],"fundamental":[127],"frequency":[128],"(F0":[129],"contours)":[130],"essential":[132],"systems.":[135],"Recently,":[136],"several":[137],"methods":[138],"modeling":[142],"based":[143],"on":[144],"stati...":[145]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}