{"id":"https://openalex.org/W13676418","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21437/icslp.1992-123","title":"Using phoneme group specific LVQ-codebooks with HMMs","display_name":"Using phoneme group specific LVQ-codebooks with HMMs","publication_year":1992,"publication_date":"1992-10-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W13676418","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21437/icslp.1992-123","mag":"13676418"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21437/icslp.1992-123","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21437/icslp.1992-123","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2nd International Conference on Spoken Language Processing (ICSLP 1992)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026617295","display_name":"Pekka Utela","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pekka Utela","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018305257","display_name":"Samuel Kaski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1925-9154"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samuel Kaski","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112199217","display_name":"Kari Torkkola","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kari Torkkola","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3753,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77595339,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"551","last_page":"554"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10901","display_name":"Advanced Data Compression Techniques","score":0.8686000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10901","display_name":"Advanced Data Compression Techniques","score":0.8686000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.8647000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10575","display_name":"Wireless Communication Networks Research","score":0.8458999991416931,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-vector-quantization","display_name":"Learning vector quantization","score":0.7449206113815308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.630966067314148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/codebook","display_name":"Codebook","score":0.5049996972084045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/group","display_name":"Group (periodic table)","score":0.5033461451530457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.49595126509666443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.4606786370277405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3986490070819855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.18019890785217285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.08189913630485535}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40567965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820283","display_name":"Learning vector quantization","level":3,"score":0.7449206113815308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.630966067314148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127759330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q637416","display_name":"Codebook","level":2,"score":0.5049996972084045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781311116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83306","display_name":"Group (periodic table)","level":2,"score":0.5033461451530457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.49595126509666443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.4606786370277405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3986490070819855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.18019890785217285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.08189913630485535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21437/icslp.1992-123","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21437/icslp.1992-123","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2nd International Conference on Spoken Language Processing (ICSLP 1992)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.30.9033","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.30.9033","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ftp://ftp.idiap.ch/pub/papers/speech/torkkola.icslp92.3.ps.Z","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2293149949","https://openalex.org/W2026099691","https://openalex.org/W4284672201","https://openalex.org/W2377486419","https://openalex.org/W2943202426","https://openalex.org/W2736714427","https://openalex.org/W2163679795","https://openalex.org/W2352648934","https://openalex.org/W2145213141","https://openalex.org/W2170599662"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"have":[1],"implemented":[2],"a":[3,44,92],"novel":[4],"combination":[5],"of":[6,50,57,120],"LVQ--codebooks":[7],"and":[8,31,43,74,135],"hidden":[9],"Markov":[10],"models":[11],"(HMMs)":[12],"for":[13,25],"transcribing":[14],"spoken":[15],"Finnish":[16],"words":[17],"into":[18],"phonemes.":[19],"A":[20,66],"separate":[21],"LVQ--codebook":[22],"was":[23,60,77],"trained":[24],"the":[26,48,51,97,112,129],"unvoiced":[27],"plosives":[28],"/k/,":[29],"/p/":[30],"/t/.":[32],"HMMs":[33],"were":[34],"then":[35,126],"modified":[36],"to":[37,96,116,128],"accommodate":[38],"two":[39],"parallel":[40],"phoneme":[41],"codebooks":[42],"third":[45],"codebook":[46,76,99,123],"representing":[47],"power":[49],"speech":[52],"signal.":[53],"The":[54],"error":[55],"rate":[56],"phonemic":[58],"transcription":[59],"as":[61,63],"low":[62],"9.1":[64],"%.":[65],"preliminary":[67],"test":[68],"with":[69,91],"an":[70,88],"additional":[71],"/b/,":[72],"/d/":[73],"/g/":[75],"also":[78,105],"carried":[79],"out.":[80],"1":[81],"INTRODUCTION":[82],"LVQ:":[83],"Ordinary":[84],"vector":[85,90,133],"quantizers":[86,134],"replace":[87],"input":[89],"discrete":[93],"symbol":[94],"corresponding":[95],"closest":[98],"vector.":[100],"Similar":[101],"minimum--distance":[102,136],"rule":[103],"can":[104],"be":[106],"used":[107],"in":[108],"pattern":[109],"classification,":[110],"if":[111],"symbols":[113],"are":[114,138,144],"made":[115],"represent":[117],"different":[118],"classes":[119],"data.":[121],"Several":[122],"vectors":[124],"may":[125],"belong":[127],"same":[130],"class.":[131],"Although":[132],"classifiers":[137],"closely":[139],"related,":[140],"their":[141],"design":[142],"criteria":[143],"quite":[145],"different.":[146],"Learning":[147],"Vector":[148],"Quantizat...":[149]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-26T07:47:46.906454","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}