{"id":"https://openalex.org/W93148613","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21437/eurospeech.2001-196","title":"Improved context-dependent acoustic modeling for continuous Chinese speech recognition","display_name":"Improved context-dependent acoustic modeling for continuous Chinese speech recognition","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-09-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W93148613","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21437/eurospeech.2001-196","mag":"93148613"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21437/eurospeech.2001-196","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21437/eurospeech.2001-196","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"7th European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology (Eurospeech 2001)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064810678","display_name":"Jiyong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9600-8477"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jiyong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041679034","display_name":"Fang Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7858-4080"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fang Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100336792","display_name":"Jing Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7584-1240"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080933878","display_name":"Luo Chunhua","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunhua Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100607256","display_name":"Guoliang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6219-4432"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guoliang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5064810678"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.7256,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90400157,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1617","last_page":"1620"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7894289493560791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.7734527587890625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hidden-markov-model","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","score":0.6965371966362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustic-model","display_name":"Acoustic model","score":0.6650038361549377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-tree","display_name":"Decision tree","score":0.6262686252593994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5779322981834412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5563673377037048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/syllable","display_name":"Syllable","score":0.49091607332229614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context-model","display_name":"Context model","score":0.4423779547214508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","score":0.4194384813308716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-model","display_name":"Language model","score":0.41267532110214233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.39599108695983887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3717522919178009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-processing","display_name":"Speech processing","score":0.36335521936416626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.34355616569519043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10457828640937805}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7894289493560791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.7734527587890625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.6965371966362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155635449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4674699","display_name":"Acoustic model","level":3,"score":0.6650038361549377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84525736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831366","display_name":"Decision tree","level":2,"score":0.6262686252593994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5779322981834412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5563673377037048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109089402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8188","display_name":"Syllable","level":2,"score":0.49091607332229614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183322885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17007702","display_name":"Context model","level":3,"score":0.4423779547214508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.4194384813308716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.41267532110214233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.39599108695983887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3717522919178009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61328038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3358061","display_name":"Speech processing","level":2,"score":0.36335521936416626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.34355616569519043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10457828640937805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21437/eurospeech.2001-196","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21437/eurospeech.2001-196","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"7th European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology (Eurospeech 2001)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.467.203","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.467.203","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://cslt.riit.tsinghua.edu.cn/~fzheng/PAPERS/2001/0109E_EUROSPEECH_CD-AM_ZJY(ZF).pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.7699999809265137,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W156719932","https://openalex.org/W181595617","https://openalex.org/W1594031697","https://openalex.org/W2049633694","https://openalex.org/W2148428486","https://openalex.org/W2371491355","https://openalex.org/W3085162807"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2126322296","https://openalex.org/W2163537793","https://openalex.org/W68335373","https://openalex.org/W4386794561","https://openalex.org/W2402231715","https://openalex.org/W2916997151","https://openalex.org/W2781555308","https://openalex.org/W4385890381","https://openalex.org/W3021690593","https://openalex.org/W3096664139"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"describes":[2],"the":[3,14,33,42,48,61,72,89,98,103],"new":[4],"framework":[5],"of":[6,92],"context-dependent":[7],"(CD)":[8],"Initial/Final":[9,27],"(IF)":[10],"acoustic":[11,90],"modeling":[12,91],"using":[13],"decision":[15,73],"tree":[16,74],"based":[17],"state":[18,70],"tying":[19],"for":[20],"continuous":[21],"Chinese":[22,43,93],"speech":[23,35,94],"recognition.":[24],"The":[25],"Extended":[26],"(XIF)":[28],"set":[29,39],"is":[30,57],"chosen":[31],"as":[32],"basic":[34],"recognition":[36,95],"unit":[37],"(SRU)":[38],"according":[40],"to":[41,88],"language":[44],"characteristics,":[45],"which":[46],"outperforms":[47,102],"standard":[49],"IF":[50],"set.":[51],"An":[52],"adaptive":[53],"mixture":[54],"increasing":[55],"strategy":[56],"applied":[58],"when":[59],"splitting":[60],"single":[62],"Gaussian":[63],"into":[64],"mixed":[65],"Gaussians":[66],"in":[67],"each":[68],"tied":[69],"after":[71],"has":[75],"been":[76],"constructed.":[77],"Our":[78],"experimental":[79],"results":[80],"show":[81],"that":[82,97],"these":[83],"two":[84],"improvements":[85],"are":[86],"helpful":[87],"and":[96],"CD":[99],"XIF":[100],"model":[101,106],"baseline":[104],"syllable":[105],"over":[107],"30%.":[108],"1.":[109]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}