{"id":"https://openalex.org/W146371799","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21437/eurospeech.1997-436","title":"Wideband-speech APVQ coding from 16 to 32 kbps","display_name":"Wideband-speech APVQ coding from 16 to 32 kbps","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-09-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W146371799","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21437/eurospeech.1997-436","mag":"146371799"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21437/eurospeech.1997-436","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21437/eurospeech.1997-436","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"5th European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology (Eurospeech 1997)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2117/89082","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078624248","display_name":"Josep M. Salavedra","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Josep M. Salavedra","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5078624248"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.01522341,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1511","last_page":"1514"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10901","display_name":"Advanced Data Compression Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10901","display_name":"Advanced Data Compression Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11034","display_name":"Digital Filter Design and Implementation","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoder","display_name":"Encoder","score":0.7615814208984375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wideband-audio","display_name":"Wideband audio","score":0.6702257990837097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-coding","display_name":"Speech coding","score":0.6680466532707214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.6402548551559448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sub-band-coding","display_name":"Sub-band coding","score":0.6047741770744324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantization","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","score":0.6019765734672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6007488965988159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wideband","display_name":"Wideband","score":0.5912450551986694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vector-quantization","display_name":"Vector quantization","score":0.5696703195571899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-predictive-coding","display_name":"Linear predictive coding","score":0.5107686519622803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5028066635131836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter-bank","display_name":"Filter bank","score":0.44130733609199524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harmonic-vector-excitation-coding","display_name":"Harmonic Vector Excitation Coding","score":0.4248952567577362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.4161922037601471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.35196924209594727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.24824735522270203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.2363593876361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/audio-signal","display_name":"Audio signal","score":0.1740342080593109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.11359357833862305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.11324700713157654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08419930934906006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-audio","display_name":"Digital audio","score":0.07104310393333435}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118505674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42586063","display_name":"Encoder","level":2,"score":0.7615814208984375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173391809","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2740189","display_name":"Wideband audio","level":5,"score":0.6702257990837097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13895895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3270773","display_name":"Speech coding","level":2,"score":0.6680466532707214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.6402548551559448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98526533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1691938","display_name":"Sub-band coding","level":3,"score":0.6047741770744324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28855332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198099","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.6019765734672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6007488965988159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780202535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4524457","display_name":"Wideband","level":2,"score":0.5912450551986694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199833920","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q612536","display_name":"Vector quantization","level":2,"score":0.5696703195571899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59883199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1826438","display_name":"Linear predictive coding","level":3,"score":0.5107686519622803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5028066635131836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100515483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3268235","display_name":"Filter bank","level":3,"score":0.44130733609199524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80167644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q463990","display_name":"Harmonic Vector Excitation Coding","level":3,"score":0.4248952567577362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.4161922037601471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.35196924209594727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.24824735522270203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.2363593876361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64922751","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4650799","display_name":"Audio signal","level":3,"score":0.1740342080593109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.11359357833862305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.11324700713157654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08419930934906006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87687168","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173114","display_name":"Digital audio","level":4,"score":0.07104310393333435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21437/eurospeech.1997-436","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21437/eurospeech.1997-436","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"5th European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology (Eurospeech 1997)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:recercat.cat:2072/340570","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2117/89082","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402147","display_name":"RECERCAT (Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210090028","host_organization_name":"Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090028"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/89082","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2117/89082","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2117/89082","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207057","display_name":"QRU Quaderns de Recerca en Urbanisme","issn_l":"2014-9689","issn":["2014-9689","2385-6777"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322448","host_organization_name":"Q71272178","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322448"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Q71272178"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference report"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:recercat.cat:2072/340570","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2117/89082","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402147","display_name":"RECERCAT (Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210090028","host_organization_name":"Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090028"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2096588881","https://openalex.org/W2108536513"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1936229355","https://openalex.org/W2115236569","https://openalex.org/W1662217694","https://openalex.org/W1560214705","https://openalex.org/W147502095","https://openalex.org/W2534663775","https://openalex.org/W1849012198","https://openalex.org/W2137143441","https://openalex.org/W3144043550","https://openalex.org/W2183628039"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,60,137],"paper":[1],"describes":[2],"a":[3,14,49,68,72,78],"coding":[4,155],"scheme":[5],"for":[6],"broadband":[7],"speech":[8,16,154],"(sampling":[9],"frequency":[10],"16KHz).":[11],"We":[12,151],"present":[13],"wideband":[15,153],"encoder":[17,62,75,82],"called":[18],"APVQ":[19,61,138],"(Adaptive":[20],"Predictive":[21],"Vector":[22,28,149],"Quantization).":[23],"It":[24],"combines":[25,140],"Subband":[26,80],"Coding,":[27],"Quantization":[29],"and":[30,53,104,118,129,146],"Adaptive":[31],"Prediction":[32,110,145],"as":[33,67,77],"it":[34,106],"is":[35,41,57,89,107,113,123,135],"represented":[36],"in":[37,43,156],"Fig.1.":[38],"Speech":[39],"signal":[40,87,99,112,122],"split":[42],"16":[44],"subbands":[45,103],"by":[46,115],"means":[47],"of":[48,71,94,126,143,148],"QMF":[50],"filter":[51],"bank":[52],"so":[54],"every":[55],"subband":[56],"500Hz":[58],"wide.":[59],"can":[63],"be":[64],"seen":[65],"either":[66],"vectorial":[69],"extension":[70],"conventional":[73],"ADPCM":[74],"or":[76],"scalar":[79],"AVPC":[81],"[1],[3].":[83],"In":[84],"this":[85],"scheme,":[86],"vector":[88,108],"formed":[90],"with":[91],"one":[92],"sample":[93],"the":[95,124,127,141,157],"normalized":[96,114,119],"prediction":[97,120],"error":[98,111,121],"coming":[100],"from":[101,159],"different":[102],"then":[105],"quantized.":[109],"its":[116],"gain":[117],"input":[125],"VQ":[128,134],"therefore":[130],"an":[131],"adaptive":[132],"Gain-Shape":[133],"considered.":[136],"Encoder":[139],"advantages":[142],"Scalar":[144],"those":[147],"Quantization.":[150],"evaluate":[152],"range":[158],"1":[160],"to":[161],"2":[162],"bits/sample.":[163]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}