{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1580810326","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21437/eurospeech.1995-81","title":"Rule-based visual speech synthesis","display_name":"Rule-based visual speech synthesis","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-09-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1580810326","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21437/eurospeech.1995-81","mag":"1580810326"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21437/eurospeech.1995-81","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21437/eurospeech.1995-81","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"4th European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology (Eurospeech 1995)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088064508","display_name":"Jonas Beskow","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1399-6604"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","display_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vcq606","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jonas Beskow","raw_affiliation_strings":["Royal Inst. of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Royal Inst. of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5088064508"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.0454,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":110,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94463668,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"299","last_page":"302"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9891999959945679,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9891999959945679,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12290","display_name":"Human Motion and Animation","score":0.9822999835014343,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9819999933242798,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coarticulation","display_name":"Coarticulation","score":0.9132722020149231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8195971250534058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-synthesis","display_name":"Speech synthesis","score":0.8024839162826538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.7134052515029907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.578385591506958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parameterized-complexity","display_name":"Parameterized complexity","score":0.5421858429908752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.5226204991340637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.44207894802093506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4330357611179352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viseme","display_name":"Viseme","score":0.41108593344688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3915283977985382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-technology","display_name":"Speech technology","score":0.34709998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.16886338591575623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.06453445553779602}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130727458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1639109","display_name":"Coarticulation","level":3,"score":0.9132722020149231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8195971250534058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14999030","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16346","display_name":"Speech synthesis","level":2,"score":0.8024839162826538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.7134052515029907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.578385591506958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165464430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1570441","display_name":"Parameterized complexity","level":2,"score":0.5421858429908752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.5226204991340637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.44207894802093506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4330357611179352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33767174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371190","display_name":"Viseme","level":4,"score":0.41108593344688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3915283977985382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C504749915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9010971","display_name":"Speech technology","level":3,"score":0.34709998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.16886338591575623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.06453445553779602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779581591","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36244","display_name":"Vowel","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21437/eurospeech.1995-81","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21437/eurospeech.1995-81","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"4th European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology (Eurospeech 1995)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.51.8879","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.51.8879","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.speech.kth.se/~beskow/papers/es95rul.ps.gz","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6399999856948853,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W76228442","https://openalex.org/W1554803342","https://openalex.org/W1837647086","https://openalex.org/W1919478738","https://openalex.org/W2015394094"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2142233983","https://openalex.org/W1514850790","https://openalex.org/W2044479749","https://openalex.org/W4232484596","https://openalex.org/W1890221585","https://openalex.org/W1497083033","https://openalex.org/W2121472286","https://openalex.org/W1950150365","https://openalex.org/W2006482757","https://openalex.org/W2030091454"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,61,115],"system":[1,12,19,76,86],"for":[2,111],"rule":[3],"based":[4,14],"audiovisual":[5,74],"text-to-speech":[6,18,75],"synthesis":[7,54],"has":[8,21,70,77,107],"been":[9,22,71,79,108],"created.":[10],"The":[11,33,46,73,96],"is":[13,49,88,102],"on":[15],"the":[16,43,52,57,92,118,144,148],"KTH":[17],"which":[20],"complemented":[23],"with":[24,42],"a":[25,30,82],"three-dimensional":[26],"parameterized":[27],"model":[28,48],"of":[29,63,103,117,123],"human":[31],"face.":[32],"face":[34,119],"can":[35,120,138],"be":[36],"animated":[37],"in":[38,99,150],"real":[39],"time,":[40],"synchronized":[41],"auditory":[44,58],"speech.":[45],"facial":[47],"controlled":[50],"by":[51,110],"same":[53],"software":[55],"as":[56,106],"speech":[59,100,145],"synthesizer.":[60],"set":[62],"rules":[64],"that":[65,87],"takes":[66],"coarticulation":[67],"into":[68,81],"account":[69],"developed.":[72],"also":[78],"incorporated":[80],"spoken":[83],"man-machine":[84],"dialogue":[85],"being":[89],"developed":[90],"at":[91],"department.":[93],"1.":[94],"INTRODUCTION":[95],"visual":[97,136],"channel":[98],"communication":[101],"great":[104],"importance,":[105],"demonstrated":[109],"example":[112],"McGurk":[113],"[6].":[114],"view":[116],"improve":[121],"intelligibility":[122],"both":[124],"natural":[125],"and":[126,146],"synthetic":[127],"speech,":[128],"especially":[129],"under":[130],"degraded":[131],"acoustic":[132],"conditions":[133],"[5].":[134],"Moreover,":[135],"signals":[137],"express":[139],"emotion,":[140],"add":[141],"emphasis":[142],"to":[143],"support":[147],"interaction":[149],"a...":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-26T07:47:46.906454","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}