{"id":"https://openalex.org/W148334237","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21437/eurospeech.1995-46","title":"Issues in large vocabulary, multilingual speech recognition","display_name":"Issues in large vocabulary, multilingual speech recognition","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-09-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W148334237","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21437/eurospeech.1995-46","mag":"148334237"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21437/eurospeech.1995-46","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21437/eurospeech.1995-46","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"4th European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology (Eurospeech 1995)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062446882","display_name":"Lori Lamel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7443-9938"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115485","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique pour la M\u00e9canique et les Sciences de l'Ing\u00e9nieur","ror":"https://ror.org/01raq4x89","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102197404","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210115485","https://openalex.org/I4210159245"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lori Lamel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire d'Informatique pour la M\u00e9canique et les Sciences de l'Ing\u00e9nieur"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire d'Informatique pour la M\u00e9canique et les Sciences de l'Ing\u00e9nieur","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115485"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041761844","display_name":"Martine Adda\u2010Decker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2154-7438"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115485","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique pour la M\u00e9canique et les Sciences de l'Ing\u00e9nieur","ror":"https://ror.org/01raq4x89","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102197404","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210115485","https://openalex.org/I4210159245"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Adda-Decker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire d'Informatique pour la M\u00e9canique et les Sciences de l'Ing\u00e9nieur"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire d'Informatique pour la M\u00e9canique et les Sciences de l'Ing\u00e9nieur","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115485"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109214406","display_name":"Jean\u2010Luc Gauvain","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115485","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique pour la M\u00e9canique et les Sciences de l'Ing\u00e9nieur","ror":"https://ror.org/01raq4x89","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102197404","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210115485","https://openalex.org/I4210159245"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jean-Luc Gauvain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire d'Informatique pour la M\u00e9canique et les Sciences de l'Ing\u00e9nieur"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire d'Informatique pour la M\u00e9canique et les Sciences de l'Ing\u00e9nieur","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115485"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115485"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2633,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85538668,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"185","last_page":"188"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10403","display_name":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","score":0.9861999750137329,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9832000136375427,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7889516353607178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/german","display_name":"German","score":0.7044625878334045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vocabulary","display_name":"Vocabulary","score":0.6783115863800049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6190845370292664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dictation","display_name":"Dictation","score":0.6092422008514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5585917830467224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/newspaper","display_name":"Newspaper","score":0.5428950190544128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.5351748466491699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5247554779052734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-model","display_name":"Language model","score":0.5027170181274414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trigram","display_name":"Trigram","score":0.5022678375244141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-corpus","display_name":"Speech corpus","score":0.48312827944755554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hidden-markov-model","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","score":0.4617173373699188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phone","display_name":"Phone","score":0.4131249785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.377411812543869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-synthesis","display_name":"Speech synthesis","score":0.17914962768554688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history","display_name":"History","score":0.10633453726768494}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7889516353607178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154775046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188","display_name":"German","level":2,"score":0.7044625878334045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6499736","display_name":"Vocabulary","level":2,"score":0.6783115863800049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6190845370292664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779077324","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1087138","display_name":"Dictation","level":2,"score":0.6092422008514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5585917830467224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201280247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11032","display_name":"Newspaper","level":2,"score":0.5428950190544128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.5351748466491699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5247554779052734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.5027170181274414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137546455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3213474","display_name":"Trigram","level":2,"score":0.5022678375244141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91863865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4349497","display_name":"Speech corpus","level":3,"score":0.48312827944755554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.4617173373699188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778707766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202064","display_name":"Phone","level":2,"score":0.4131249785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.377411812543869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14999030","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16346","display_name":"Speech synthesis","level":2,"score":0.17914962768554688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.10633453726768494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112698675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038","display_name":"Advertising","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21437/eurospeech.1995-46","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21437/eurospeech.1995-46","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"4th European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology (Eurospeech 1995)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.48.8307","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.48.8307","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ftp://tlp.limsi.fr/public/euro95sqale.ps.Z","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.6600000262260437}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W147570924","https://openalex.org/W160213850","https://openalex.org/W184563473","https://openalex.org/W1909727437","https://openalex.org/W1979447841","https://openalex.org/W2010778046","https://openalex.org/W2024490156","https://openalex.org/W2083811208","https://openalex.org/W2115497217","https://openalex.org/W2130722890","https://openalex.org/W2134237567"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2105076537","https://openalex.org/W2020757772","https://openalex.org/W2072223048","https://openalex.org/W2041167939","https://openalex.org/W2950575438","https://openalex.org/W2002221802","https://openalex.org/W2250909759","https://openalex.org/W1975573722","https://openalex.org/W1620568205","https://openalex.org/W1823613926"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,20],"paper":[2],"we":[3],"report":[4],"on":[5,102,113],"our":[6],"activities":[7],"in":[8,26,56,70],"multilingual,":[9],"speakerindependent,":[10],"large":[11,80],"vocabulary":[12],"continuous":[13,82,92],"speech":[14,83],"recognition.":[15],"The":[16,86,108],"multilingual":[17,73],"aspect":[18],"of":[19,23,59,79,90,127,133,140],"work":[21],"is":[22],"particular":[24],"importance":[25],"Europe,":[27],"where":[28],"each":[29],"country":[30],"has":[31,44,53,110],"its":[32],"own":[33],"national":[34],"language.":[35],"Our":[36],"existing":[37],"recognizer":[38,87],"for":[39,76,95,105],"American":[40,128],"English":[41,49],"and":[42,50,98,142],"French,":[43],"been":[45,54,111],"ported":[46],"to":[47,66],"British":[48,134],"German.":[51],"It":[52],"assessed":[55],"the":[57,60,77,121,130,136,143],"context":[58],"LRESQALE":[61],"project":[62],"whose":[63],"objective":[64],"was":[65],"experiment":[67],"with":[68,117],"installing":[69],"Europe":[71],"a":[72,114],"evaluation":[74],"paradigm":[75],"assessment":[78],"vocabulary,":[81],"recognition":[84],"systems.":[85],"makes":[88],"use":[89],"phone-based":[91],"density":[93],"HMM":[94],"acoustic":[96],"modeling":[97],"n-gram":[99],"statistics":[100],"estimated":[101],"newspaper":[103],"texts":[104],"language":[106],"modeling.":[107],"system":[109],"evaluated":[112],"dictation":[115],"task":[116],"read,":[118],"newspaper-based":[119],"corpora,":[120],"ARPA":[122],"Wall":[123],"Street":[124],"Journal":[125],"corpus":[126,132,139],"English,":[129,135],"WSJCAM0":[131],"BREF-Le":[137],"Monde":[138],"French":[141],"PHONDAT-Frankfurter":[144],"Runds...":[145]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}