{"id":"https://openalex.org/W6944934859","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21227/sed8-6r15","title":"COVID-19 Low-Dose and Ultra-Low-Dose CT Scans","display_name":"COVID-19 Low-Dose and Ultra-Low-Dose CT Scans","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W6944934859","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21227/sed8-6r15"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21227/sed8-6r15","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21227/sed8-6r15","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051695","display_name":"IEEE DataPort","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dataset"},"type":"dataset","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.21227/sed8-6r15","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Afshar, Parnian","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60158472","display_name":"Concordia University","ror":"https://ror.org/0420zvk78","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Afshar, Parnian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering (CIISE), Concordia University, Montreal, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering (CIISE), Concordia University, Montreal, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Rafiee, Moezedin Javad","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801766832","display_name":"McGill University Health Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/04cpxjv19","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801766832"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rafiee, Moezedin Javad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine and Diagnostic Radiology, McGill University Health Center-Research Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine and Diagnostic Radiology, McGill University Health Center-Research Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801766832"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Naderkhani, Farnoosh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60158472","display_name":"Concordia University","ror":"https://ror.org/0420zvk78","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naderkhani, Farnoosh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering (CIISE), Concordia University, Montreal, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering (CIISE), Concordia University, Montreal, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Heidarian, Shahin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60158472","display_name":"Concordia University","ror":"https://ror.org/0420zvk78","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heidarian, Shahin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Enshaei, Nastaran","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60158472","display_name":"Concordia University","ror":"https://ror.org/0420zvk78","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enshaei, Nastaran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering (CIISE), Concordia University, Montreal, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering (CIISE), Concordia University, Montreal, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Oikonomou, Anastasia","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1323843004","display_name":"Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/03wefcv03","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1323843004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802362269","display_name":"Health Sciences Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/05pr37258","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110535807","https://openalex.org/I2802362269"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oikonomou, Anastasia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Imaging, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Imaging, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1323843004","https://openalex.org/I185261750","https://openalex.org/I2802362269"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Babaki Fard, Faranak","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70931966","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al","ror":"https://ror.org/0161xgx34","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70931966"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Babaki Fard, Faranak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biomedical Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedical Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70931966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Anconina, Reut","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1323843004","display_name":"Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/03wefcv03","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1323843004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802362269","display_name":"Health Sciences Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/05pr37258","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110535807","https://openalex.org/I2802362269"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anconina, Reut","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Imaging, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Imaging, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1323843004","https://openalex.org/I185261750","https://openalex.org/I2802362269"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Plataniotis, Konstantinos N.","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Plataniotis, Konstantinos N.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Mohammadi, Arash","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60158472","display_name":"Concordia University","ror":"https://ror.org/0420zvk78","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammadi, Arash","raw_affiliation_strings":["Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering (CIISE), Concordia University, Montreal, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Concordia Institute for Information Systems Engineering (CIISE), Concordia University, Montreal, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10733","display_name":"Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology","score":0.1720999926328659,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10733","display_name":"Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology","score":0.1720999926328659,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12045","display_name":"Rice Cultivation and Yield Improvement","score":0.02630000002682209,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12431","display_name":"Sugarcane Cultivation and Processing","score":0.025299999862909317,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gold-standard","display_name":"Gold standard (test)","score":0.6122999787330627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiation-dose","display_name":"Radiation dose","score":0.5271000266075134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computed-tomography","display_name":"Computed tomography","score":0.428600013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tomography","display_name":"Tomography","score":0.3763999938964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/effective-dose","display_name":"Effective dose (radiation)","score":0.34619998931884766}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7577000260353088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214963","display_name":"Nuclear medicine","level":1,"score":0.6769000291824341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40993552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514654","display_name":"Gold standard (test)","level":2,"score":0.6122999787330627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987700449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186161","display_name":"Radiation dose","level":2,"score":0.5271000266075134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.5112000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544519230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32566","display_name":"Computed tomography","level":2,"score":0.428600013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841267","display_name":"Tomography","level":2,"score":0.3763999938964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149857219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5239054","display_name":"Effective dose (radiation)","level":2,"score":0.34619998931884766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779925993","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336938","display_name":"Radiation exposure","level":2,"score":0.3334999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31601959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931309","display_name":"Medical imaging","level":2,"score":0.26969999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020199158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210521","display_name":"High resolution","level":2,"score":0.2605000138282776}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21227/sed8-6r15","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21227/sed8-6r15","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051695","display_name":"IEEE DataPort","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dataset"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21227/sed8-6r15","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21227/sed8-6r15","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051695","display_name":"IEEE DataPort","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dataset"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.6628329157829285,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Reverse":[0],"transcription-polymerase":[1],"chain":[2],"reaction":[3],"(RT-PCR)":[4],"is":[5,26,47,135,225,231],"currently":[6],"the":[7,20,80,120,130,133,154,159,203,212,246,261,271,281,289],"gold":[8],"standard":[9,50,221],"in":[10,30,62,112,158,202,220,236,245],"COVID-19":[11,104,121,172,182],"diagnosis.":[12],"It":[13],"can,":[14],"however,":[15],"take":[16],"days":[17],"to":[18,58,84,152,233],"provide":[19],"diagnosis,":[21],"and":[22,40,71,74,107,188,206,239,270,303,310,323],"false":[23],"negative":[24],"rate":[25],"relatively":[27],"high.":[28],"Imaging,":[29],"particular":[31],"chest":[32,222,321],"computed":[33],"tomography":[34],"(CT),":[35],"can":[36],"assist":[37],"with":[38,125,143,175,178,251,280,294],"diagnosis":[39,96],"assessment":[41],"of":[42,64,86,102,119,132,169,264,267,274,284,314,317],"this":[43],"disease.":[44],"Nevertheless,":[45],"it":[46],"shown":[48],"that":[49,78,85],"dose":[51,219],"CT":[52,160,223],"scan":[53,76],"gives":[54],"significant":[55],"radiation":[56,81,218],"burden":[57],"patients,":[59,173],"especially":[60],"those":[61],"need":[63],"multiple":[65],"scans.":[66,161],"Therefore,":[67],"we":[68],"collect":[69],"low-dose":[70],"ultra-low-dose":[72],"(LDCT":[73],"ULDCT)":[75],"protocols":[77],"reduce":[79],"exposure":[82],"close":[83],"a":[87,194],"single":[88],"X-Ray,":[89],"while":[90],"maintaining":[91],"an":[92,166],"acceptable":[93],"resolution":[94],"for":[95,129,278],"purposes.":[97],"This":[98,162],"dataset":[99,163],"contains":[100],"scans":[101,190,200,224,238],"104":[103],"positive":[105,126,171,176],"cases,":[106,110],"56":[108],"normal":[109],"collected":[111],"Babak":[113],"Imaging":[114],"Center,":[115],"Tehran,":[116],"Iran.":[117],"36.5%":[118],"cases":[122,134,298],"are":[123,149,191,201,258,292,299],"confirmed":[124,174],"RT-PCR.":[127],"Diagnosis":[128],"rest":[131],"obtained":[136,192,293],"by":[137,301],"consensus":[138],"between":[139],"three":[140],"experienced":[141],"radiologists":[142],"95.6%":[144],"agreement.":[145],"Slices":[146],"level":[147],"labels":[148],"also":[150,164],"provided":[151],"specify":[153],"slices":[155],"demonstrating":[156],"infection":[157],"includes":[165],"extra":[167],"set":[168],"100":[170],"RT-PCR":[177],"or":[179,312],"without":[180],"related":[181],"lung":[183],"manifestations.":[184],"The":[185,217],"volumetric":[186],"LDCT":[187,237,256],"ULDCT":[189,247,290],"from":[193],"SIEMENS":[195],"SOMATOM":[196],"Scope":[197],"scanner.":[198],"All":[199,297],"axial":[204],"view":[205],"reconstructed":[207],"into":[208],"512,512":[209],"images":[210,257,291],"using":[211,260],"Filtered":[213],"Back":[214],"Projection":[215],"method.":[216],"estimated":[226],"at":[227],"7":[228],"mSv,":[229],"which":[230],"reduced":[232],"1\u20131.5":[234],"mSv":[235,244],"as":[240,242],"low":[241],"0.3":[243],"ones.":[248],"For":[249],"patients":[250,279],">60":[252],"kg":[253,288],"body":[254,282],"weight":[255,283],"acquired":[259],"mAs":[262],"value":[263],"20,":[265],"kVp":[266],"110":[268],"v,":[269],"slice":[272],"thickness":[273],"2":[275],"mm,":[276],"whereas":[277],"less":[285],"than":[286],"60":[287],"15":[295],"mAs.":[296],"accompanied":[300],"demographic":[302],"clinical":[304],"data,":[305],"i.e.,":[306],"sex,":[307],"age,":[308],"weight,":[309],"presence":[311],"absence":[313],"5":[315],"symptoms":[316],"cough,":[318],"fever,":[319],"dyspnea,":[320],"pain,":[322],"fatigue.":[324]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}