{"id":"https://openalex.org/W6907180493","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21227/s7pw-jr18","title":"Covid19action-radiology-CXR","display_name":"Covid19action-radiology-CXR","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-04-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W6907180493","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21227/s7pw-jr18"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21227/s7pw-jr18","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21227/s7pw-jr18","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051695","display_name":"IEEE DataPort","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"dataset"},"type":"dataset","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.21227/s7pw-jr18","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Sheet, Debdoot","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145894827","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5sq511","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sheet, Debdoot","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Chakravarty, Arunava","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145894827","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5sq511","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chakravarty, Arunava","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Sarkar, Tandra","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801225794","display_name":"Apollo Gleneagles Hospitals","ror":"https://ror.org/02gj58768","country_code":"IN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801225794"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sarkar, Tandra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Apollo Glenegales hospital, Kolkata"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Apollo Glenegales hospital, Kolkata","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801225794"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Sathish, Rakshith","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145894827","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5sq511","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sathish, Rakshith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Raj, Aditya","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145894827","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5sq511","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raj, Aditya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Balasubramanian, Velmurugan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145894827","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5sq511","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Balasubramanian, Velmurugan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Raj, Ronnie","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145894827","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5sq511","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raj, Ronnie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Sathish, Rachana","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145894827","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5sq511","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sathish, Rachana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Chakravorty, Nishant","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145894827","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5sq511","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chakravorty, Nishant","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Sinha, Manjira","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145894827","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5sq511","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sinha, Manjira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Sharma, Manoj","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145894827","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5sq511","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sharma, Manoj","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Kumar, Vikas","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802630050","display_name":"Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research","ror":"https://ror.org/05tkzma19","country_code":"IN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799351866","https://openalex.org/I2802630050","https://openalex.org/I3149292468"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kumar, Vikas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802630050"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Kumar, Rajiv","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145894827","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5sq511","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kumar, Rajiv","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Kumar, Abhishek","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145894827","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5sq511","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kumar, Abhishek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Singhal, Atul","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145894827","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5sq511","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Singhal, Atul","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Reddy, Gowtham","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145894827","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5sq511","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reddy, Gowtham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":16,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":null,"topics":[],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.5091999769210815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pandemic","display_name":"Pandemic","score":0.4325000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care","display_name":"Health care","score":0.3594000041484833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gold-standard","display_name":"Gold standard (test)","score":0.34700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/isolation","display_name":"Isolation (microbiology)","score":0.34139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-population","display_name":"World population","score":0.3093999922275543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.2978000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.29739999771118164}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5091999769210815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4507000148296356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89623803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12184","display_name":"Pandemic","level":5,"score":0.4325000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4212000072002411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.388700008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.3594000041484833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40993552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514654","display_name":"Gold standard (test)","level":2,"score":0.34700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775941552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25212305","display_name":"Isolation (microbiology)","level":2,"score":0.34139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C543383583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11188","display_name":"World population","level":3,"score":0.3093999922275543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3000999987125397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.2978000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.29739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.29660001397132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.2896000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.28060001134872437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.2786000072956085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83864248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177323","display_name":"Developing country","level":2,"score":0.2784000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.27000001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780226545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888030","display_name":"Modality (human\u2013computer interaction)","level":2,"score":0.2621000111103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3007834351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82069695","display_name":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)","level":5,"score":0.2615000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172656115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2142613","display_name":"Social distance","level":5,"score":0.2526000142097473}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21227/s7pw-jr18","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21227/s7pw-jr18","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051695","display_name":"IEEE DataPort","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"dataset"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21227/s7pw-jr18","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21227/s7pw-jr18","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051695","display_name":"IEEE DataPort","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"dataset"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,142,263,280],"outbreak":[1],"of":[2,44,58,78,97,103,115,152,174,185,243,304,317],"COVID-19":[3,33,73,125],"in":[4,7,16,69,85,93,133,182],"Wuhan,":[5],"China":[6],"December":[8],"2019":[9],"has":[10,20,49,136],"rapidly":[11],"spread":[12,96],"across":[13],"other":[14,295],"countries":[15],"the":[17,40,45,54,59,70,75,79,95,98,104,107,116,121,153,172,175,183,299,312,330],"world":[18],"and":[19,42,48,147,177,203,215,259,277],"been":[21],"declared":[22],"as":[23,61,63,120,288,290],"a":[24,129,160,192,205,210,216,233,240,269,315],"global":[25,46],"pandemic":[26],"by":[27,195],"WHO":[28],"on":[29,39,53],"11th":[30],"March,":[31],"2020.":[32],"continues":[34],"to":[35,138,190,238,267,323,335],"have":[36],"adverse":[37],"effects":[38],"health":[41,55],"economy":[43],"population":[47],"brought":[50],"immense":[51],"pressure":[52],"care":[56],"systems":[57],"developing":[60],"well":[62,289],"developed":[64],"countries.":[65],"A":[66],"critical":[67],"step":[68],"fight":[71],"against":[72],"is":[74,90,118,128,164,189,266],"early":[76],"detection":[77,184],"patients":[80],"which":[81,163],"not":[82],"only":[83],"aids":[84],"providing":[86],"quicker":[87],"treatment":[88,169],"but":[89],"also":[91,179,309],"useful":[92,181],"stopping":[94],"virus":[99],"through":[100],"proper":[101],"isolation":[102],"patient.":[105],"Although":[106],"reverse":[108],"transcription":[109],"polymerase":[110],"chain":[111],"reaction":[112],"rt-(PCR)":[113],"test":[114,220],"sputum":[117],"considered":[119],"gold":[122],"standard":[123],"for":[124,150,168,208,222,236,311,314,329],"diagnosis,":[126],"it":[127,230,334],"time-consuming":[130],"process":[131],"and,":[132],"some":[134],"cases,":[135],"led":[137],"high":[139],"False":[140],"Negatives.":[141],"relatively":[143],"low-cost,":[144],"wider":[145],"availability":[146],"faster":[148],"methods":[149],"sanitization":[151],"equipment":[154],"makes":[155],"Chest":[156],"X-ray":[157],"imaging":[158],"(CXR)":[159],"promising":[161],"modality":[162],"commonly":[165],"being":[166],"employed":[167],"planning,":[170],"tracking":[171],"progression":[173],"disease":[176],"could":[178],"be":[180,321],"COVID-19.":[186],"Our":[187],"goal":[188],"create":[191],"single":[193],"repository":[194],"collating":[196],"various":[197],"publicly":[198],"available":[199,310],"CXR":[200,271],"image":[201,272],"sources":[202],"provide":[204,232],"standardized":[206],"split":[207],"performing":[209],"five-fold":[211],"cross-validation":[212],"based":[213],"training":[214],"separate":[217],"held":[218],"out":[219],"set":[221],"evaluating":[223],"different":[224,244,253,257],"AI":[225,245],"models.":[226,246],"We":[227],"hope":[228],"that":[229],"will":[231],"unified":[234],"platform":[235],"researchers":[237],"perform":[239],"fair":[241],"comparison":[242],"This":[247],"dataset":[248],"comprises":[249],"images":[250,284,313],"acquired":[251],"from":[252,285,293],"geographical":[254],"regions":[255],"using":[256],"scanners":[258],"at":[260],"varying":[261],"resolutions.":[262],"primary":[264],"task":[265,328],"classify":[268],"given":[270],"into":[273],"\u201cCOVID-19\u201d,":[274],"\u201cOther":[275],"Pneumonia\u201d":[276],"\u201cNon-pneumonia\u201d":[278,281],"classes.":[279],"class":[282],"contains":[283],"healthy":[286],"subjects":[287,291],"suffering":[292],"diseases":[294],"than":[296],"pneumonia.":[297],"Additionally,":[298],"ground":[300],"truth":[301],"(GT)":[302],"annotations":[303],"13":[305],"radiological":[306],"observations":[307],"are":[308],"subset":[316],"images.":[318],"These":[319],"may":[320],"used":[322],"define":[324],"an":[325],"additional":[326],"auxiliary":[327],"model":[331],"or":[332],"pre-training":[333],"improve":[336],"generalization.":[337]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}