{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2993304180","doi":"https://doi.org/10.20382/jocg.v13i1a6","title":"Sometimes Reliable Spanners of Almost Linear Size","display_name":"Sometimes Reliable Spanners of Almost Linear Size","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-12-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2993304180","doi":"https://doi.org/10.20382/jocg.v13i1a6","mag":"2993304180"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:drops-oai.dagstuhl.de:12893","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2020.27","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196569","display_name":"DROPS (Schloss Dagstuhl \u2013 Leibniz Center for Informatics)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799853480","host_organization_name":"Schloss Dagstuhl \u2013 Leibniz Center for Informatics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799853480"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"InProceedings"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2020.27","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077490455","display_name":"Kevin Buchin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3022-7877"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83019370","display_name":"Eindhoven University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2kyt77","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Buchin, Kevin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Eindhoven University of Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Eindhoven University of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040577923","display_name":"Sariel Har-Peled","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2638-9635"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Har-Peled, Sariel","raw_affiliation_strings":["***University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"***University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038223352","display_name":"D\u00e1niel Ol\u00e1h","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7179-3552"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83019370","display_name":"Eindhoven University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2kyt77","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ol\u00e1h, D\u00e1niel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Eindhoven University of Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Eindhoven University of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077490455"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.21419452,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.56763814,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10720","display_name":"Complexity and Algorithms in Graphs","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10720","display_name":"Complexity and Algorithms in Graphs","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10996","display_name":"Computational Geometry and Mesh Generation","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10374","display_name":"Advanced Graph Theory Research","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spanner","display_name":"Spanner","score":0.9245257377624512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.7763564586639404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-logarithm","display_name":"Binary logarithm","score":0.7170165181159973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bounded-function","display_name":"Bounded function","score":0.6324761509895325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.5741620659828186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimension","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","score":0.5495164394378662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/omega","display_name":"Omega","score":0.5039286017417908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/log-log-plot","display_name":"Log-log plot","score":0.475065678358078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.43565672636032104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.4181601405143738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.4146759510040283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.25076818466186523}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779585601","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4049850","display_name":"Spanner","level":2,"score":0.9245257377624512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.7763564586639404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63553672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581168","display_name":"Binary logarithm","level":2,"score":0.7170165181159973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34388435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2267362","display_name":"Bounded function","level":2,"score":0.6324761509895325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5741620659828186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33676613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13415176","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.5495164394378662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779557605","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9890","display_name":"Omega","level":2,"score":0.5039286017417908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195292467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2091879","display_name":"Log-log plot","level":3,"score":0.475065678358078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.43565672636032104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.4181601405143738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4146759510040283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.25076818466186523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:drops-oai.dagstuhl.de:12893","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2020.27","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196569","display_name":"DROPS (Schloss Dagstuhl \u2013 Leibniz Center for Informatics)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799853480","host_organization_name":"Schloss Dagstuhl \u2013 Leibniz Center for Informatics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799853480"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"InProceedings"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ojs.library.carleton.ca:article/3720","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://jocg.org/index.php/jocg/article/view/3720","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400962","display_name":"Journal of Computational Geometry (Carleton University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","host_organization_name":"Carleton University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Computational Geometry; Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022); 178\u2013196","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1912.01547","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1912.01547","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1912.01547","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2993304180","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1912.01547","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1912.01547","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1912.01547","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"doi:10.20382/jocg.v13i1a6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.20382/jocg.v13i1a6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400962","display_name":"Journal of Computational Geometry (Carleton University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","host_organization_name":"Carleton University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:drops-oai.dagstuhl.de:12893","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2020.27","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196569","display_name":"DROPS (Schloss Dagstuhl \u2013 Leibniz Center for Informatics)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799853480","host_organization_name":"Schloss Dagstuhl \u2013 Leibniz Center for Informatics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799853480"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"InProceedings"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1859011291","https://openalex.org/W1988867024","https://openalex.org/W2050809450","https://openalex.org/W2906017110","https://openalex.org/W2963021268","https://openalex.org/W2964304985"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2963021268","https://openalex.org/W2074149381","https://openalex.org/W2197636588","https://openalex.org/W2952422587","https://openalex.org/W2751315341","https://openalex.org/W2804657020","https://openalex.org/W2503099161","https://openalex.org/W3197005352","https://openalex.org/W2963968370","https://openalex.org/W1620133714","https://openalex.org/W2037793233","https://openalex.org/W2099253135","https://openalex.org/W2122632420","https://openalex.org/W2113581856","https://openalex.org/W2998044435","https://openalex.org/W3214332583","https://openalex.org/W3082819694","https://openalex.org/W3013884612","https://openalex.org/W2245158765","https://openalex.org/W2810399489"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"$\\renewcommand{\\Re}{\\mathbb{R}}\\newcommand{\\Of}{\\mathcal{O}}\\newcommand{\\eps}{\\varepsilon}$Reliable":[0],"(Euclidean)":[1],"spanners":[2,114],"can":[3],"withstand":[4],"huge":[5],"failures,":[6,22],"even":[7,78],"when":[8],"a":[9,29,46,137,149,158,173,176],"linear":[10,165],"number":[11,72,166],"of":[12,21,24,28,48,51,73,83,110,140,167,175],"vertices":[13,27,74],"are":[14,61,91],"deleted":[15],"from":[16],"the":[17,25,36,49,52,71,76,94,117,144,161],"network.":[18],"In":[19],"case":[20],"some":[23],"remaining":[26],"reliable":[30,84,177],"spanner":[31,37,178],"may":[32],"no":[33],"longer":[34],"admit":[35],"property,":[38,67],"but":[39],"this":[40,65],"collateral":[41],"damage":[42],"is":[43,55,70,130],"bounded":[44],"by":[45,148],"fraction":[47],"size":[50,112],"attack.":[53],"It":[54],"known":[56],"that":[57,115,163],"$\\Omega(n\\log":[58],"n)$":[59],"edges":[60],"needed":[62],"to":[63],"achieve":[64],"strong":[66],"where":[68,93],"$n$":[69,87],"in":[75,79,89,121,157,179],"network,":[77],"one":[80],"dimension.":[81],"Constructions":[82],"geometric~$(1+\\eps)$-spanners,":[85],"for":[86],"points":[88],"$\\Re^d$,":[90],"known,":[92],"resulting":[95],"graph":[96],"has":[97,164],"$\\Of(":[98],"n":[99,101,182,185],"\\log":[100],"\\log\\!\\log^{6}\\!n":[102],")$":[103,186],"edges.":[104,168,187],"Here,":[105],"we":[106,171],"show":[107],"randomized":[108],"constructions":[109,146],"smaller":[111],"Euclidean":[113],"have":[116],"desired":[118],"reliability":[119],"property":[120],"expectation":[122],"or":[123],"with":[124],"good":[125],"probability.":[126],"The":[127],"new":[128],"construction":[129,174],"simple,":[131],"and":[132],"potentially":[133],"practical":[134],"--":[135],"replacing":[136],"hierarchical":[138],"usage":[139],"expanders":[141],"(which":[142],"renders":[143],"previous":[145],"impractical)":[147],"simple":[150],"skip":[151],"list":[152],"like":[153],"construction.":[154],"This":[155],"results":[156],"$1$-spanner,":[159],"on":[160],"line,":[162],"Using":[169],"this,":[170],"present":[172],"$\\Re^d$":[180],"with~$\\Of(":[181],"\\log\\!\\log^{2}\\!n":[183],"\\log\\!\\log\\!\\log":[184]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-02-09T09:26:11.010843","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
