{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2517040918","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/w16-2352","title":"Pronoun Language Model and Grammatical Heuristics for Aiding Pronoun Prediction","display_name":"Pronoun Language Model and Grammatical Heuristics for Aiding Pronoun Prediction","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2517040918","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/w16-2352","mag":"2517040918"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/w16-2352","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/w16-2352","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W16-2352.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the First Conference on Machine Translation: Volume 2,\n          Shared Task Papers","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W16-2352.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113715572","display_name":"Ngoc Quang Luong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7495430","display_name":"Idiap Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05932h694","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7495430"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ngoc Quang Luong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Idiap Research Institute Rue Marconi 19, CP 592 1920 Martigny, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Idiap Research Institute Rue Marconi 19, CP 592 1920 Martigny, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7495430"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044462851","display_name":"Andr\u00e9i Popescu-Belis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4934-2071"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7495430","display_name":"Idiap Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05932h694","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7495430"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrei Popescu-Belis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Idiap Research Institute Rue Marconi 19, CP 592 1920 Martigny, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Idiap Research Institute Rue Marconi 19, CP 592 1920 Martigny, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7495430"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5113715572"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7495430"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8834,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84481492,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"589","last_page":"595"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13629","display_name":"Text Readability and Simplification","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pronoun","display_name":"Pronoun","score":0.8675035834312439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7790788412094116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.751057505607605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristics","display_name":"Heuristics","score":0.6901921629905701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6276392340660095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.586158275604248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noun","display_name":"Noun","score":0.5493474006652832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflexive-pronoun","display_name":"Reflexive pronoun","score":0.5236853361129761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parsing","display_name":"Parsing","score":0.498140811920166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.4891993999481201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grammar","display_name":"Grammar","score":0.45181941986083984}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778551981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36224","display_name":"Pronoun","level":2,"score":0.8675035834312439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7790788412094116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.751057505607605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127705205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5748245","display_name":"Heuristics","level":2,"score":0.6901921629905701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6276392340660095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.586158275604248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121934690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1084","display_name":"Noun","level":2,"score":0.5493474006652832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150104678","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q953129","display_name":"Reflexive pronoun","level":2,"score":0.5236853361129761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186644900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194152","display_name":"Parsing","level":2,"score":0.498140811920166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.4891993999481201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26022165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8091","display_name":"Grammar","level":2,"score":0.45181941986083984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/w16-2352","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/w16-2352","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W16-2352.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the First Conference on Machine Translation: Volume 2,\n          Shared Task Papers","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.epfl.ch:219844","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/219844","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400487","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/w16-2352","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/w16-2352","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W16-2352.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the First Conference on Machine Translation: Volume 2,\n          Shared Task Papers","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1797063126","display_name":"MODERN: Modeling discourse entities and relations for coherent machine translation","funder_award_id":"147653","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","funder_display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7216478277","display_name":"Scalable Understanding of Multilingual Media","funder_award_id":"688139","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7842005466","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Horizon 2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","ror":"https://ror.org/00yjd3n13"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2517040918.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2517040918.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W203948990","https://openalex.org/W1582588624","https://openalex.org/W1594011529","https://openalex.org/W1631260214","https://openalex.org/W1683408416","https://openalex.org/W1738081185","https://openalex.org/W2151996595","https://openalex.org/W2163038970","https://openalex.org/W2184135559","https://openalex.org/W2250783079","https://openalex.org/W2475229181","https://openalex.org/W2576212274","https://openalex.org/W2606531491"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2280422768","https://openalex.org/W3143197806","https://openalex.org/W3093827718","https://openalex.org/W4252555497","https://openalex.org/W2884619268","https://openalex.org/W19041663","https://openalex.org/W2026858906","https://openalex.org/W290200837","https://openalex.org/W3160085650","https://openalex.org/W4232247842"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"cross-lingual":[1],"pronoun":[2,44,71],"prediction":[3],"task":[4,30],"at":[5],"WMT":[6],"2016":[7],"requires":[8],"to":[9,84,96],"restore":[10],"the":[11,26,40,46,51,58,63,68,74,85,90,93],"missing":[12],"target":[13,19,112],"pronouns":[14,54],"from":[15],"source":[16,110],"text":[17],"and":[18,21,48,76,111],"lemmatized":[20],"POS-tagged":[22],"translations.":[23],"We":[24],"study":[25],"benefits":[27],"for":[28],"this":[29],"of":[31,42,50],"a":[32,43,98],"specific":[33],"Pronoun":[34],"Language":[35],"Model":[36],"(PLM),":[37],"which":[38],"captures":[39],"likelihood":[41],"given":[45],"gender":[47],"number":[49],"nouns":[52],"or":[53],"preceding":[55],"it,":[56],"on":[57,80],"target-side":[59,86],"only.":[60],"Experimenting":[61],"with":[62],"English-to-French":[64],"subtask,":[65],"we":[66],"select":[67],"best":[69],"candidate":[70],"by":[72],"applying":[73],"PLM":[75,94],"additional":[77],"heuristics":[78],"based":[79],"French":[81],"grammar":[82],"rules":[83],"texts":[87],"provided":[88],"in":[89],"subtask.":[91],"Although":[92],"helps":[95],"outperform":[97],"random":[99],"baseline,":[100],"it":[101],"still":[102],"scores":[103],"far":[104],"lower":[105],"than":[106],"system":[107],"using":[108],"both":[109],"texts.":[113]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-21T08:09:41.155169","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}