{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402683886","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.bionlp-1.29","title":"REAL: A Retrieval-Augmented Entity Linking Approach for Biomedical Concept Recognition","display_name":"REAL: A Retrieval-Augmented Entity Linking Approach for Biomedical Concept Recognition","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402683886","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.bionlp-1.29"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/2024.bionlp-1.29","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.bionlp-1.29","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2024.bionlp-1.29.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 23rd Workshop on Biomedical Natural Language Processing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2024.bionlp-1.29.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089439536","display_name":"Darya Shlyk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9232-6520"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189158943","display_name":"University of Milan","ror":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Darya Shlyk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano , Via Giovanni Celoria 19 , 20133 Milan , Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano , Via Giovanni Celoria 19 , 20133 Milan , Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011041769","display_name":"Tudor Groza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2267-8333"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205640436","display_name":"Curtin University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n415q13","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205640436"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tudor Groza","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Computing and Mathematical Sciences , Curtin University , Kent St , Bentley WA 6102 , Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Computing and Mathematical Sciences , Curtin University , Kent St , Bentley WA 6102 , Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205640436"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089929382","display_name":"Marco Mesiti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5701-0080"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189158943","display_name":"University of Milan","ror":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Mesiti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano , Via Giovanni Celoria 19 , 20133 Milan , Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano , Via Giovanni Celoria 19 , 20133 Milan , Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007380154","display_name":"Stefano Montanelli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6594-6644"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189158943","display_name":"University of Milan","ror":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefano Montanelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano , Via Giovanni Celoria 19 , 20133 Milan , Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano , Via Giovanni Celoria 19 , 20133 Milan , Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092353127","display_name":"Emanuele Cavalleri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1973-5712"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189158943","display_name":"University of Milan","ror":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emanuele Cavalleri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano , Via Giovanni Celoria 19 , 20133 Milan , Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano , Via Giovanni Celoria 19 , 20133 Milan , Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":32.5509,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99666077,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"380","last_page":"389"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9639000296592712,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9639000296592712,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9564999938011169,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.9243999719619751,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7787331342697144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.5668776035308838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/augmented-reality","display_name":"Augmented reality","score":0.47264567017555237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4409123659133911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3521619737148285}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7787331342697144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.5668776035308838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153715457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254183","display_name":"Augmented reality","level":2,"score":0.47264567017555237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4409123659133911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3521619737148285}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/2024.bionlp-1.29","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.bionlp-1.29","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2024.bionlp-1.29.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 23rd Workshop on Biomedical Natural Language Processing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:air.unimi.it:2434/1122499","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2024.bionlp-1.29/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400516","display_name":"Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca (Universita Degli Studi Di Milano)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I189158943","host_organization_name":"University of Milan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/bookPart"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/2024.bionlp-1.29","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.bionlp-1.29","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/2024.bionlp-1.29.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 23rd Workshop on Biomedical Natural Language Processing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4402683886.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4402683886.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2172197285","https://openalex.org/W2991048842","https://openalex.org/W2750280393","https://openalex.org/W2355696739","https://openalex.org/W3158001554","https://openalex.org/W2771909920","https://openalex.org/W2957704286","https://openalex.org/W3204019825"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Large":[0],"Language":[1,15],"Models":[2],"(LLMs)":[3],"offer":[4],"an":[5],"appealing":[6],"alternative":[7],"to":[8,59,86,98,125],"training":[9],"dedicated":[10],"models":[11],"for":[12],"many":[13],"Natural":[14],"Processing":[16],"(NLP)":[17],"tasks.However,":[18],"outdated":[19],"knowledge":[20,84,123],"and":[21,50,62],"hallucination":[22],"issues":[23],"can":[24],"be":[25],"major":[26],"obstacles":[27],"in":[28,31,109],"their":[29],"application":[30],"knowledge-intensive":[32],"biomedical":[33,42,67,127],"scenarios.In":[34],"this":[35],"study,":[36],"we":[37,105],"consider":[38],"the":[39,52,65,77,116],"task":[40],"of":[41,54,64,80,118],"concept":[43,103],"recognition":[44],"(CR)":[45],"from":[46,94],"unstructured":[47],"scientific":[48],"literature":[49],"explore":[51],"use":[53],"Retrieval":[55],"Augmented":[56,73],"Generation":[57],"(RAG)":[58],"improve":[60],"accuracy":[61],"reliability":[63],"LLM-based":[66,111],"CR.Our":[68],"approach,":[69],"named":[70],"REAL":[71,97],"(Retrieval":[72],"Entity":[74],"Linking),":[75],"combines":[76],"generative":[78],"capabilities":[79],"LLMs":[81,120],"with":[82,92,121],"curated":[83],"bases":[85],"automatically":[87],"annotate":[88],"natural":[89],"language":[90],"texts":[91],"concepts":[93],"bio-ontologies.By":[95],"applying":[96],"benchmark":[99],"corpora":[100],"on":[101],"phenotype":[102],"recognition,":[104],"show":[106],"its":[107],"effectiveness":[108],"improving":[110],"CR":[112],"performance.This":[113],"research":[114],"highlights":[115],"potential":[117],"combining":[119],"external":[122],"sources":[124],"advance":[126],"text":[128],"processing.":[129]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-23T07:36:19.812096","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
