{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3035318823","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.acl-main.475","title":"Text-Based Ideal Points","display_name":"Text-Based Ideal Points","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3035318823","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.acl-main.475","mag":"3035318823"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/2020.acl-main.475","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.acl-main.475","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/2020.acl-main.475.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 58th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/2020.acl-main.475.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085921946","display_name":"Keyon Vafa","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Keyon Vafa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Columbia University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Columbia University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043371757","display_name":"Suresh Naidu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9774-1678"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suresh Naidu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Columbia University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Columbia University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070920982","display_name":"David M. Blei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5588-4611"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Blei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Columbia University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Columbia University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085921946"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":29.9653,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99397293,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"5345","last_page":"5357"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13910","display_name":"Computational and Text Analysis Methods","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3300","display_name":"General Social Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13910","display_name":"Computational and Text Analysis Methods","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3300","display_name":"General Social Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9714999794960022,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ideal","display_name":"Ideal (ethics)","score":0.899264931678772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voting","display_name":"Voting","score":0.6473328471183777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/politics","display_name":"Politics","score":0.6404603719711304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ideal-point","display_name":"Ideal point","score":0.6400520205497742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.620097815990448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.5744717121124268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/democracy","display_name":"Democracy","score":0.5496653914451599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/presidential-system","display_name":"Presidential system","score":0.5482346415519714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.5043269395828247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topic-model","display_name":"Topic model","score":0.45881468057632446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/presidential-election","display_name":"Presidential election","score":0.4145238697528839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.36834514141082764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3133321702480316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1900167167186737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.1738569140434265}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776639384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840396","display_name":"Ideal (ethics)","level":2,"score":0.899264931678772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520049643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189760","display_name":"Voting","level":3,"score":0.6473328471183777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.6404603719711304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779952087","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11831792","display_name":"Ideal point","level":2,"score":0.6400520205497742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.620097815990448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.5744717121124268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555826173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7174","display_name":"Democracy","level":3,"score":0.5496653914451599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197487636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49892","display_name":"Presidential system","level":3,"score":0.5482346415519714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.5043269395828247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171686336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3532085","display_name":"Topic model","level":2,"score":0.45881468057632446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776129789","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858439","display_name":"Presidential election","level":3,"score":0.4145238697528839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.36834514141082764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3133321702480316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1900167167186737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.1738569140434265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/2020.acl-main.475","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.acl-main.475","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/2020.acl-main.475.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 58th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/2020.acl-main.475","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.acl-main.475","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/2020.acl-main.475.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 58th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.7900000214576721,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2105047437","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DGE-1644869","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3974885098","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1740833","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4504108201","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N00014-17-1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","funder_display_name":"Office of Naval Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4713059963","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FA8750","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","funder_display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4751570384","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"4-17-1-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","funder_display_name":"Office of Naval Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4786009209","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CCF-1740833","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5357900919","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N00014-17-1-21","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","funder_display_name":"Office of Naval Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5551450873","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1644869","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6001825832","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U01MH115727","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6420862478","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"SD2 FA8750-18-C-0130","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","funder_display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6570713827","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DGE-1644869","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6795794026","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N00014-17-1-2131","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","funder_display_name":"Office of Naval Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7931865478","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"4-15-1-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","funder_display_name":"Office of Naval Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8035850432","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FA8750-18-C-0130","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","funder_display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8473029312","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1U01MH115727-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8876996369","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N00014","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","funder_display_name":"Office of Naval Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G960570965","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1644869","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306164","display_name":"Simons Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/01cmst727"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309480","display_name":"Nvidia","ror":"https://ror.org/03jdj4y14"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337345","display_name":"Office of Naval Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00rk2pe57"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3035318823.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3035318823.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W992446370","https://openalex.org/W1491126501","https://openalex.org/W1510681197","https://openalex.org/W1516111018","https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1546143445","https://openalex.org/W1580899010","https://openalex.org/W1902027874","https://openalex.org/W1909320841","https://openalex.org/W1959608418","https://openalex.org/W1967668743","https://openalex.org/W1985949226","https://openalex.org/W1986966428","https://openalex.org/W1998151601","https://openalex.org/W2001442493","https://openalex.org/W2009659525","https://openalex.org/W2017966270","https://openalex.org/W2029062258","https://openalex.org/W2031696998","https://openalex.org/W2103841034","https://openalex.org/W2106901522","https://openalex.org/W2116349124","https://openalex.org/W2119290332","https://openalex.org/W2120340025","https://openalex.org/W2123528936","https://openalex.org/W2125261539","https://openalex.org/W2126841490","https://openalex.org/W2143308489","https://openalex.org/W2145767445","https://openalex.org/W2153140039","https://openalex.org/W2162652355","https://openalex.org/W2166851633","https://openalex.org/W2169751147","https://openalex.org/W2171671402","https://openalex.org/W2188945537","https://openalex.org/W2251159224","https://openalex.org/W2251617662","https://openalex.org/W2251738400","https://openalex.org/W2252072508","https://openalex.org/W2293583072","https://openalex.org/W2361710634","https://openalex.org/W2740319313","https://openalex.org/W2802917042","https://openalex.org/W2962897886","https://openalex.org/W2963811225","https://openalex.org/W2964121744","https://openalex.org/W3022516804","https://openalex.org/W3101380508","https://openalex.org/W4210970861","https://openalex.org/W4237840503","https://openalex.org/W4243557737","https://openalex.org/W4294562888","https://openalex.org/W4298149265","https://openalex.org/W4398979108"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2606962271","https://openalex.org/W645512964","https://openalex.org/W2154519170","https://openalex.org/W2086460054","https://openalex.org/W1604650372","https://openalex.org/W2098310533","https://openalex.org/W2189207620","https://openalex.org/W3168885418","https://openalex.org/W1983680744","https://openalex.org/W2286807681"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Ideal":[0],"point":[1,44],"models":[2],"analyze":[3],"lawmakers'":[4],"votes":[5,15],"to":[6,21],"quantify":[7],"their":[8],"political":[9,24],"positions,":[10],"or":[11],"ideal":[12,43],"points.":[13],"But":[14],"are":[16],"not":[17],"the":[18,41],"only":[19],"way":[20],"express":[22],"a":[23],"position.":[25],"Lawmakers":[26],"also":[27],"give":[28],"speeches,":[29],"release":[30],"press":[31],"statements,":[32],"and":[33],"post":[34],"tweets.":[35],"In":[36],"this":[37],"paper,":[38],"we":[39],"introduce":[40],"text-based":[42],"model":[45],"(":[46]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-16T06:03:46.269776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}