{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2971064282","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/w19-4416","title":"The LAIX Systems in the BEA-2019 GEC Shared Task","display_name":"The LAIX Systems in the BEA-2019 GEC Shared Task","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2971064282","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/w19-4416","mag":"2971064282"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/w19-4416","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/w19-4416","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W19-4416.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W19-4416.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049128013","display_name":"Ruobing Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6526-6497"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802212502","display_name":"TiGenix (Spain)","ror":"https://ror.org/0202k4b21","country_code":"ES","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802212502"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruobing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["LAIX Inc"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LAIX Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802212502"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088617689","display_name":"Chuan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1439-4798"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802212502","display_name":"TiGenix (Spain)","ror":"https://ror.org/0202k4b21","country_code":"ES","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802212502"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["LAIX Inc"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LAIX Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802212502"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051814273","display_name":"Yefei Zha","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802212502","display_name":"TiGenix (Spain)","ror":"https://ror.org/0202k4b21","country_code":"ES","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802212502"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yefei Zha","raw_affiliation_strings":["LAIX Inc"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LAIX Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802212502"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100696873","display_name":"Yonghong Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2587-8090"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802212502","display_name":"TiGenix (Spain)","ror":"https://ror.org/0202k4b21","country_code":"ES","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802212502"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yonghong Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["LAIX Inc"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LAIX Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802212502"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016212417","display_name":"Shiman Guo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802212502","display_name":"TiGenix (Spain)","ror":"https://ror.org/0202k4b21","country_code":"ES","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802212502"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shiman Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["LAIX Inc"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LAIX Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802212502"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100709541","display_name":"Qiang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5632-4408"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802212502","display_name":"TiGenix (Spain)","ror":"https://ror.org/0202k4b21","country_code":"ES","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802212502"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["LAIX Inc"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LAIX Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802212502"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086000078","display_name":"Yang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3087-242X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802212502","display_name":"TiGenix (Spain)","ror":"https://ror.org/0202k4b21","country_code":"ES","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802212502"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["LAIX Inc"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LAIX Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802212502"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029920666","display_name":"Hui Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6559-2751"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802212502","display_name":"TiGenix (Spain)","ror":"https://ror.org/0202k4b21","country_code":"ES","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802212502"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["LAIX Inc"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LAIX Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802212502"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802212502"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":0.9896000027656555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7774509191513062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.7396588325500488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/track","display_name":"Track (disk drive)","score":0.7376353740692139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-translation","display_name":"Machine translation","score":0.6033036708831787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5945772528648376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recurrent-neural-network","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","score":0.4990849494934082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4982485771179199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4875137507915497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/translation","display_name":"Translation (biology)","score":0.46808916330337524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ensemble-forecasting","display_name":"Ensemble forecasting","score":0.4606708288192749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ensemble-learning","display_name":"Ensemble learning","score":0.4332507252693176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-allocation","display_name":"Resource allocation","score":0.42937564849853516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","score":0.42705202102661133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.07998105883598328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.07738113403320312}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7774509191513062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.7396588325500488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89992363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5961558","display_name":"Track (disk drive)","level":2,"score":0.7376353740692139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203005215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79798","display_name":"Machine translation","level":2,"score":0.6033036708831787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5945772528648376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147168706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1457734","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","level":3,"score":0.4990849494934082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4982485771179199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4875137507915497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149364088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185917","display_name":"Translation (biology)","level":4,"score":0.46808916330337524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119898033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3433888","display_name":"Ensemble forecasting","level":2,"score":0.4606708288192749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45942800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245652","display_name":"Ensemble learning","level":2,"score":0.4332507252693176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29202148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287260","display_name":"Resource allocation","level":2,"score":0.42937564849853516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.42705202102661133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.07998105883598328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07738113403320312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105580179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188928","display_name":"Messenger RNA","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/w19-4416","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/w19-4416","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W19-4416.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/w19-4416","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/w19-4416","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W19-4416.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2971064282.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2971064282.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W43022990","https://openalex.org/W2098297786","https://openalex.org/W2124725212","https://openalex.org/W2140372282","https://openalex.org/W2171325461","https://openalex.org/W2251862950","https://openalex.org/W2410156476","https://openalex.org/W2493916176","https://openalex.org/W2507756961","https://openalex.org/W2613904329","https://openalex.org/W2741494657","https://openalex.org/W2768283475","https://openalex.org/W2785047343","https://openalex.org/W2810035278","https://openalex.org/W2888442053","https://openalex.org/W2899310090","https://openalex.org/W2963403868","https://openalex.org/W2963881719","https://openalex.org/W2963975242","https://openalex.org/W2964036946","https://openalex.org/W2964082031","https://openalex.org/W2964187553","https://openalex.org/W2964258094","https://openalex.org/W2964265128","https://openalex.org/W2970868759","https://openalex.org/W4385245566"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2794896638","https://openalex.org/W1807784185","https://openalex.org/W4390905871","https://openalex.org/W3202800081","https://openalex.org/W1909207154","https://openalex.org/W3124390867","https://openalex.org/W3101614107","https://openalex.org/W3204228978","https://openalex.org/W1514365828","https://openalex.org/W4390971112"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,7,13,42],"describe":[4],"two":[5],"systems":[6,45,74],"developed":[8],"for":[9],"the":[10,17,49,52,76,79,83,87,91],"three":[11],"tracks":[12],"have":[14],"participated":[15],"in":[16,78,85],"BEA-2019":[18],"GEC":[19,67,73],"Shared":[20],"Task.":[21],"We":[22],"investigate":[23],"competitive":[24],"classification":[25,53],"models":[26],"with":[27],"bi-directional":[28],"recurrent":[29],"neural":[30,34],"networks":[31],"(Bi-RNN)":[32],"and":[33,55,58,82,90],"machine":[35],"translation":[36],"(NMT)":[37],"models.":[38],"For":[39],"different":[40],"tracks,":[41],"use":[43],"ensemble":[44,62],"to":[46],"selectively":[47],"combine":[48],"NMT":[50],"models,":[51,54],"some":[56],"rules,":[57],"demonstrate":[59],"that":[60],"an":[61],"solution":[63],"can":[64],"effectively":[65],"improve":[66],"performance":[68],"over":[69],"single":[70],"systems.":[71],"Our":[72],"ranked":[75],"first":[77],"Unrestricted":[80],"Track,":[81],"third":[84],"both":[86],"Restricted":[88],"Track":[89],"Low":[92],"Resource":[93],"Track.":[94]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}