{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2954698514","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/w18-5523","title":"An End-to-End Multi-task Learning Model for Fact Checking","display_name":"An End-to-End Multi-task Learning Model for Fact Checking","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2954698514","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/w18-5523","mag":"2954698514"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/w18-5523","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/w18-5523","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W18-5523.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the First Workshop on Fact Extraction and VERification (FEVER)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W18-5523.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113232007","display_name":"Sizhen Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sizhen Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of networking and switching technology, Beijing university of posts and telecommunications"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of networking and switching technology, Beijing university of posts and telecommunications","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034822677","display_name":"Shuai Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5174-5182"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuai Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of networking and switching technology, Beijing university of posts and telecommunications"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of networking and switching technology, Beijing university of posts and telecommunications","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100640942","display_name":"Bo Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2160-2839"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of networking and switching technology, Beijing university of posts and telecommunications"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of networking and switching technology, Beijing university of posts and telecommunications","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101662205","display_name":"Hao Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3599-9876"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146936","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03jyqk712","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210146936"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["2012 Labs, Huawei Technologies CO., LTD"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"2012 Labs, Huawei Technologies CO., LTD","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146936"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3516,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86474494,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"138","last_page":"144"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12478","display_name":"Wikis in Education and Collaboration","score":0.9695000052452087,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8633978366851807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.7943126559257507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baseline","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","score":0.6946033239364624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.5586714744567871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test","display_name":"Test (biology)","score":0.5348554849624634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logical-consequence","display_name":"Logical consequence","score":0.5341723561286926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/textual-entailment","display_name":"Textual entailment","score":0.5201968550682068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4869879186153412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.47729551792144775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/end-to-end-principle","display_name":"End-to-end principle","score":0.4525340497493744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-page","display_name":"Web page","score":0.42108726501464844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entity-linking","display_name":"Entity linking","score":0.4122995138168335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.2905513644218445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-base","display_name":"Knowledge base","score":0.10613560676574707}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8633978366851807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.7943126559257507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12725497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","level":2,"score":0.6946033239364624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.5586714744567871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5348554849624634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134752490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q374182","display_name":"Logical consequence","level":2,"score":0.5341723561286926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95318506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6588467","display_name":"Textual entailment","level":3,"score":0.5201968550682068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4869879186153412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.47729551792144775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74296488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2527392","display_name":"End-to-end principle","level":2,"score":0.4525340497493744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21959979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36774","display_name":"Web page","level":2,"score":0.42108726501464844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96711827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17012245","display_name":"Entity linking","level":3,"score":0.4122995138168335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.2905513644218445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4554734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593744","display_name":"Knowledge base","level":2,"score":0.10613560676574707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/w18-5523","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/w18-5523","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W18-5523.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the First Workshop on Fact Extraction and VERification (FEVER)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/w18-5523","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/w18-5523","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W18-5523.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the First Workshop on Fact Extraction and VERification (FEVER)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.5400000214576721}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1453110158","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"4182042","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1677483895","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017RC12","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1679122029","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1536111","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2640141566","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017RC12","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2753018483","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1536112","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3390415045","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1536111, U1536112","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4035782523","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61501048","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4875284913","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1536112","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5181378063","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"4182042","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G555729516","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1536111","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6519130284","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant No. 61501048","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8053668536","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61501048","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2954698514.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2954698514.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W179875071","https://openalex.org/W1514535095","https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1533861849","https://openalex.org/W1832693441","https://openalex.org/W1902237438","https://openalex.org/W2133564696","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2250539671","https://openalex.org/W2251214593","https://openalex.org/W2255466643","https://openalex.org/W2337875011","https://openalex.org/W2413794162","https://openalex.org/W2551396370","https://openalex.org/W2593833795","https://openalex.org/W2625541525","https://openalex.org/W2952113915","https://openalex.org/W2962985038","https://openalex.org/W2963416784","https://openalex.org/W2963863909","https://openalex.org/W2963961878","https://openalex.org/W2964121744","https://openalex.org/W2964308564","https://openalex.org/W4394643672"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2169644218","https://openalex.org/W12963412","https://openalex.org/W2250460949","https://openalex.org/W3158371345","https://openalex.org/W3141423438","https://openalex.org/W2071098659","https://openalex.org/W2627035043","https://openalex.org/W4385571113","https://openalex.org/W2937401546","https://openalex.org/W3030695269"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"huge":[1],"amount":[2],"of":[3,26],"information":[4],"generated":[5],"every":[6],"day":[7],"on":[8,109],"the":[9,24,61,82,94,103,110,144],"web,":[10],"fact":[11],"checking":[12],"is":[13],"an":[14,48,71],"important":[15],"and":[16,56,63,97,114,119],"challenging":[17],"task":[18,51,121],"which":[19],"can":[20],"help":[21],"people":[22],"identify":[23],"authenticity":[25],"most":[27],"claims":[28],"as":[29,31,84,100],"well":[30],"providing":[32],"evidences":[33],"selected":[34,64],"from":[35],"knowledge":[36],"source":[37],"like":[38],"Wikipedia.":[39],"Here":[40],"we":[41,69],"decompose":[42],"this":[43,67],"problem":[44],"into":[45],"two":[46],"parts:":[47],"entity":[49],"linking":[50],"(retrieving":[52],"relative":[53],"Wikipedia":[54],"pages)":[55],"recognizing":[57],"textual":[58,131],"entailment":[59],"between":[60],"claim":[62,83],"pages.":[65],"In":[66],"paper,":[68],"present":[70],"end-to-end":[72],"multi-task":[73],"learning":[74],"with":[75,91,143],"bi-direction":[76],"attention":[77],"(EMBA)":[78],"model":[79],"to":[80,93],"classify":[81],"\"supports\",":[85],"\"refutes\"":[86],"or":[87],"\"not":[88],"enough":[89],"info\"":[90],"respect":[92],"pages":[95],"retrieved":[96],"detect":[98],"sentences":[99],"evidence":[101],"at":[102],"same":[104],"time.":[105],"We":[106],"conduct":[107],"experiments":[108],"FEVER":[111],"(Fact":[112],"Extraction":[113],"VERification)":[115],"paper":[116],"test":[117,122],"dataset":[118,127],"shared":[120],"dataset,":[123],"a":[124],"new":[125],"public":[126],"for":[128],"verification":[129],"against":[130],"sources.":[132],"Experimental":[133],"results":[134],"show":[135],"that":[136],"our":[137],"method":[138],"achieves":[139],"comparable":[140],"performance":[141],"compared":[142],"baseline":[145],"system.":[146],"'":[147,150,153],")":[148,151],"$":[149],"%":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
