{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2954462910","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/w18-5112","title":"Determining Code Words in Euphemistic Hate Speech Using Word Embedding Networks","display_name":"Determining Code Words in Euphemistic Hate Speech Using Word Embedding Networks","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2954462910","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/w18-5112","mag":"2954462910"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/w18-5112","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/w18-5112","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W18-5112.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Abusive Language Online (ALW2)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W18-5112.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009806337","display_name":"Rijul Magu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5388228","display_name":"University of Rochester","ror":"https://ror.org/022kthw22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5388228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rijul Magu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science University of Rochester Rochester, New York"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science University of Rochester Rochester, New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5388228"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055469774","display_name":"Jiebo Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4516-9729"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5388228","display_name":"University of Rochester","ror":"https://ror.org/022kthw22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5388228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiebo Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science University of Rochester Rochester, New York"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science University of Rochester Rochester, New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5388228"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5009806337"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5388228"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.5437,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":56,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94334901,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"93","last_page":"100"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13959","display_name":"Swearing, Euphemism, Multilingualism","score":0.9789000153541565,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9277999997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6886293888092041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.6401166319847107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.6286699175834656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/centrality","display_name":"Centrality","score":0.5637973546981812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.5352153778076172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5137358903884888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5052319169044495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.5031134486198425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.40627408027648926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.3282623291015625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.31200796365737915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13794803619384766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.07662162184715271}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6886293888092041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.6401166319847107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.6286699175834656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53811970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5062194","display_name":"Centrality","level":2,"score":0.5637973546981812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.5352153778076172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5137358903884888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5052319169044495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.5031134486198425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.40627408027648926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3282623291015625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.31200796365737915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13794803619384766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.07662162184715271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/w18-5112","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/w18-5112","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W18-5112.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Abusive Language Online (ALW2)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/w18-5112","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/w18-5112","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W18-5112.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Abusive Language Online (ALW2)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6100000143051147,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2954462910.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2954462910.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1871142974","https://openalex.org/W1970913835","https://openalex.org/W2079643892","https://openalex.org/W2112090702","https://openalex.org/W2153579005","https://openalex.org/W2160660844","https://openalex.org/W2164928285","https://openalex.org/W2531536623","https://openalex.org/W2595653137","https://openalex.org/W2769196221","https://openalex.org/W2796881724","https://openalex.org/W2884151224","https://openalex.org/W2953180101","https://openalex.org/W2963943967","https://openalex.org/W2963992732","https://openalex.org/W4289743870","https://openalex.org/W4294170691","https://openalex.org/W4307858169"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2360025963","https://openalex.org/W2360785147","https://openalex.org/W2789919619","https://openalex.org/W2293457016","https://openalex.org/W2055709700","https://openalex.org/W2353329674","https://openalex.org/W3169305685","https://openalex.org/W2373724792","https://openalex.org/W2597592340","https://openalex.org/W2949267551"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"While":[0],"analysis":[1,67],"of":[2,30,52],"online":[3],"explicit":[4],"abusive":[5],"language":[6],"detection":[7,16],"has":[8],"lately":[9],"seen":[10],"an":[11],"everincreasing":[12],"focus,":[13],"implicit":[14,31],"abuse":[15],"remains":[17],"a":[18,25,28,38,50,56,75],"largely":[19],"unexplored":[20],"space.":[21],"We":[22,36],"carry":[23],"out":[24],"study":[26],"on":[27],"subcategory":[29],"hate:":[32],"euphemistic":[33],"hate":[34,87],"speech.":[35,88],"propose":[37],"method":[39],"to":[40,81],"assist":[41],"in":[42,74],"identifying":[43],"unknown":[44],"euphemisms":[45,83],"(or":[46],"code":[47,58],"words)":[48],"given":[49],"set":[51],"hateful":[53],"tweets":[54],"containing":[55],"known":[57],"word.":[59],"Our":[60],"approach":[61],"leverages":[62],"word":[63],"embeddings":[64],"and":[65,71],"network":[66],"(through":[68],"centrality":[69],"measures":[70],"community":[72],"detection)":[73],"manner":[76],"that":[77],"can":[78],"be":[79],"generalized":[80],"identify":[82],"across":[84],"contexts-not":[85],"just":[86]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-14T08:43:22.919905","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}