{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2976852125","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/w16-5812","title":"Part of Speech Tagging for Code Switched Data","display_name":"Part of Speech Tagging for Code Switched Data","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2976852125","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/w16-5812","mag":"2976852125"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/w16-5812","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/w16-5812","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W16-5812.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Computational Approaches to Code\n          Switching","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W16-5812.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Fahad AlGhamdi","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fahad AlGhamdi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Giovanni Molina","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giovanni Molina","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Houston"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Houston","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Mona Diab","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mona Diab","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Thamar Solorio","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44461941","display_name":"University of Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/048sx0r50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thamar Solorio","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Houston"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Houston","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44461941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Abdelati Hawwari","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdelati Hawwari","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Victor Soto","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Victor Soto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Columbia University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Columbia University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Julia Hirschberg","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julia Hirschberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Columbia University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Columbia University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4444,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82621949,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"98","last_page":"107"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5651000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.5511000156402588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.5259000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-switching","display_name":"Code-switching","score":0.4927999973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/part-of-speech-tagging","display_name":"Part-of-speech tagging","score":0.4896000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-processing","display_name":"Speech processing","score":0.4101000130176544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.3716999888420105}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8543999791145325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5708000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5651000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.5511000156402588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5259000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18552078","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q255615","display_name":"Code-switching","level":2,"score":0.4927999973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780684714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1271424","display_name":"Part-of-speech tagging","level":3,"score":0.4896000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.45899999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61328038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3358061","display_name":"Speech processing","level":2,"score":0.4101000130176544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3716999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123406163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82042","display_name":"Part of speech","level":2,"score":0.36570000648498535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14919245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1976109","display_name":"Language technology","level":4,"score":0.3176000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.3028999865055084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.2957000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155092808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182557","display_name":"Computational linguistics","level":2,"score":0.2955999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.2816999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.2565999925136566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39608478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5015979","display_name":"Cache language model","level":5,"score":0.25360000133514404}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/w16-5812","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/w16-5812","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W16-5812.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Computational Approaches to Code\n          Switching","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1909.13006","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1909.13006","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1909.13006","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/w16-5812","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/w16-5812","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W16-5812.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Computational Approaches to Code\n          Switching","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2976852125.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2976852125.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,95,110],"address":[1],"the":[2,11,20,32,58,69,88,97,112,139],"problem":[3],"of":[4,6,13,31,57,71,84,87,114],"Part":[5],"Speech":[7],"tagging":[8],"(POS)":[9],"in":[10,52,99],"context":[12],"linguistic":[14],"code":[15],"switching":[16],"(CS).":[17],"CS":[18,47,93,101,124],"is":[19,49,66],"phenomenon":[21],"where":[22],"a":[23,75,119,131],"speaker":[24],"switches":[25],"between":[26],"two":[27,100,115,136],"languages":[28],"or":[29,36,42],"variants":[30],"same":[33],"language":[34,73,102],"within":[35],"across":[37],"utterances,":[38],"known":[39],"as":[40],"intra-sentential":[41],"inter-sentential":[43],"CS,":[44],"respectively.":[45],"Processing":[46],"data":[48,54],"especially":[50],"challenging":[51],"intrasentential":[53],"given":[55],"state":[56,86,137],"art":[59,89,140],"monolingual":[60],"NLP":[61],"technology":[62,65],"since":[63],"such":[64],"geared":[67],"toward":[68],"processing":[70],"one":[72],"at":[74],"time.":[76],"In":[77],"this":[78],"paper":[79],"we":[80,152],"explore":[81],"multiple":[82],"strategies":[83],"applying":[85,130],"POS":[90,116,141],"taggers":[91,117,142],"to":[92,147],"data.":[94,125],"investigate":[96],"landscape":[98],"pairs,":[103],"Spanish-English":[104],"and":[105],"Modern":[106],"Standard":[107],"Arabic-Arabic":[108],"dialects.":[109],"compare":[111],"use":[113],"vs.":[118],"unified":[120],"tagger":[121],"trained":[122],"on":[123],"Our":[126],"results":[127],"show":[128],"that":[129,151],"machine":[132],"learning":[133],"framework":[134],"using":[135],"fof":[138],"achieves":[143],"better":[144],"performance":[145],"compared":[146],"all":[148],"other":[149],"approaches":[150],"investigate.":[153]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2019-10-03T00:00:00"}