{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2250759104","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/w15-4323","title":"NCSU_SAS_SAM: Deep Encoding and Reconstruction for Normalization of Noisy Text","display_name":"NCSU_SAS_SAM: Deep Encoding and Reconstruction for Normalization of Noisy Text","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2250759104","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/w15-4323","mag":"2250759104"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/w15-4323","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/w15-4323","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W15-4323.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Workshop on Noisy User-generated Text","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W15-4323.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042728641","display_name":"Samuel Leeman-Munk","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122754148","display_name":"SAS Institute (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01093z329","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122754148"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088367","display_name":"Systems Analytics (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/005ksdp35","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088367"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samuel Leeman-Munk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Educational Informatics North Carolina State University Raleigh, NC, USA","SAS Institute Inc. Cary, NC, USA","Text Analytics R&D"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Educational Informatics North Carolina State University Raleigh, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SAS Institute Inc. Cary, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122754148"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Text Analytics R&D","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088367"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074470380","display_name":"James C. Lester","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1481-6601"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122754148","display_name":"SAS Institute (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01093z329","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122754148"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088367","display_name":"Systems Analytics (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/005ksdp35","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088367"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Lester","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Educational Informatics North Carolina State University Raleigh, NC, USA","SAS Institute Inc. Cary, NC, USA","Text Analytics R&D"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Educational Informatics North Carolina State University Raleigh, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SAS Institute Inc. Cary, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122754148"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Text Analytics R&D","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088367"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108462953","display_name":"James A. Cox","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122754148","display_name":"SAS Institute (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01093z329","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122754148"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088367","display_name":"Systems Analytics (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/005ksdp35","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088367"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Cox","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Educational Informatics North Carolina State University Raleigh, NC, USA","SAS Institute Inc. Cary, NC, USA","Text Analytics R&D"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Educational Informatics North Carolina State University Raleigh, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SAS Institute Inc. Cary, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122754148"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Text Analytics R&D","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088367"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4404,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84633661,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"154","last_page":"161"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normalization","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","score":0.8049691915512085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-token","display_name":"Security token","score":0.8020683526992798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.795962929725647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-neural-networks","display_name":"Deep neural networks","score":0.6103450655937195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5545778870582581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.5145394206047058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4588090181350708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.39078572392463684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.38491666316986084}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136886441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q926129","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.8049691915512085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48145219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335365","display_name":"Security token","level":2,"score":0.8020683526992798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.795962929725647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984842247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep neural networks","level":3,"score":0.6103450655937195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5545778870582581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5145394206047058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4588090181350708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.39078572392463684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.38491666316986084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/w15-4323","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/w15-4323","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W15-4323.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Workshop on Noisy User-generated Text","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/w15-4323","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/w15-4323","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W15-4323.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Workshop on Noisy User-generated Text","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6700000166893005,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2250759104.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2250759104.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1498436455","https://openalex.org/W1606347560","https://openalex.org/W1647671624","https://openalex.org/W2025768430","https://openalex.org/W2035424729","https://openalex.org/W2072128103","https://openalex.org/W2095705004","https://openalex.org/W2120615054","https://openalex.org/W2149933564","https://openalex.org/W2152175008","https://openalex.org/W2158899491","https://openalex.org/W2250729567","https://openalex.org/W2949300694","https://openalex.org/W2952230511","https://openalex.org/W3179072117","https://openalex.org/W4231109964","https://openalex.org/W4235765578","https://openalex.org/W4299518610","https://openalex.org/W6636358008","https://openalex.org/W6682825348","https://openalex.org/W6683738474"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4287755480","https://openalex.org/W3113607506","https://openalex.org/W4377865163","https://openalex.org/W4297779039","https://openalex.org/W2898211994","https://openalex.org/W3193857078","https://openalex.org/W2888956734","https://openalex.org/W3000197790","https://openalex.org/W4315865067","https://openalex.org/W2979433843"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"a":[1,24,33,42,47,51,55],"participant":[2],"in":[3,46],"the":[4,18,85,93],"W-NUT":[5],"Lexical":[6],"Normalization":[7],"for":[8],"English":[9],"Tweets":[10],"challenge,":[11],"we":[12,22],"use":[13,23],"deep":[14],"learning":[15],"to":[16,38,44],"address":[17],"constrained":[19],"task.":[20],"Specifically,":[21],"combination":[25],"of":[26,58,81],"two":[27],"augmented":[28],"feed":[29],"forward":[30],"neural":[31],"networks,":[32],"flagger":[34],"that":[35,59],"identifies":[36],"words":[37],"be":[39],"normalized":[40],"and":[41,53,69,91],"normalizer,":[43],"take":[45],"single":[48],"token":[49],"at":[50],"time":[52],"output":[54],"corrected":[56],"version":[57],"token.":[60],"Despite":[61],"avoiding":[62],"off-the-shelf":[63],"tools":[64],"trained":[65],"on":[66],"external":[67],"data":[68],"being":[70],"an":[71,79],"entirely":[72],"context-free":[73],"model,":[74],"our":[75],"system":[76],"still":[77],"achieved":[78],"F1-score":[80],"81.49%,":[82],"comfortably":[83],"surpassing":[84],"next":[86],"runner":[87],"up":[88],"by":[89,97],"1.5%":[90],"trailing":[92],"second":[94],"place":[95],"model":[96],"only":[98],"0.26%.":[99]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}