{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2956147019","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/s19-2099","title":"BNU-HKBU UIC NLP Team 2 at SemEval-2019 Task 6: Detecting Offensive Language Using BERT model","display_name":"BNU-HKBU UIC NLP Team 2 at SemEval-2019 Task 6: Detecting Offensive Language Using BERT model","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2956147019","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/s19-2099","mag":"2956147019"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/s19-2099","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/s19-2099","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 13th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/s19-2099","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103009878","display_name":"Zhenghao Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8323-7841"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhenghao Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101552472","display_name":"Hao Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1678-9478"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100707507","display_name":"Jianming Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9151-284X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianming Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060723223","display_name":"Weifeng Su","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9501-0321"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weifeng Su","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059020214","display_name":"Jefferson Fong","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jefferson Fong","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103009878"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2403,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90857216,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/offensive","display_name":"Offensive","score":0.8487311601638794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7816234827041626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.7096701264381409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semeval","display_name":"SemEval","score":0.6854469180107117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6764333248138428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-identification","display_name":"Language identification","score":0.6222318410873413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentence","display_name":"Sentence","score":0.6081452965736389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/categorization","display_name":"Categorization","score":0.5807895660400391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoder","display_name":"Encoder","score":0.5746220350265503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5650725960731506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.44952383637428284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.21905434131622314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.07692411541938782}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176856949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001676","display_name":"Offensive","level":2,"score":0.8487311601638794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7816234827041626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.7096701264381409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44572571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7448970","display_name":"SemEval","level":3,"score":0.6854469180107117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6764333248138428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129792486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1050419","display_name":"Language identification","level":3,"score":0.6222318410873413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.6081452965736389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94124525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912550","display_name":"Categorization","level":2,"score":0.5807895660400391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118505674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42586063","display_name":"Encoder","level":2,"score":0.5746220350265503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5650725960731506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.44952383637428284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.21905434131622314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07692411541938782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/s19-2099","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/s19-2099","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 13th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/s19-2099","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/s19-2099","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 13th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.6800000071525574,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W80056832","https://openalex.org/W1871142974","https://openalex.org/W2595653137","https://openalex.org/W2922580172","https://openalex.org/W2962932155","https://openalex.org/W2962977603","https://openalex.org/W2963341956"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4386566602","https://openalex.org/W4200241924","https://openalex.org/W3023322875","https://openalex.org/W2922580172","https://openalex.org/W3041909748","https://openalex.org/W3117476642","https://openalex.org/W3184118381","https://openalex.org/W3081866152","https://openalex.org/W4287674457","https://openalex.org/W4287064724"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"study":[2],"we":[3],"deal":[4],"with":[5,27],"the":[6,38,43,124,147],"problem":[7,150],"of":[8,30,36,70,106,123],"identifying":[9],"and":[10,61,86,98,109,112,131,154],"categorizing":[11],"offensive":[12,133],"language":[13,94,134],"in":[14,90,102,116,151],"social":[15],"media.":[16],"Our":[17,81],"group,":[18],"BNU-HKBU":[19],"UIC":[20],"NLP":[21],"Team2,":[22],"use":[23,42],"supervised":[24],"classification":[25],"along":[26],"multiple":[28],"version":[29],"data":[31,149],"generated":[32],"by":[33,76],"different":[34],"ways":[35],"pre-processing":[37],"data.":[39],"We":[40],"then":[41],"state-of-the-art":[44],"model":[45],"Bidirectional":[46],"Encoder":[47],"Representations":[48],"from":[49],"Transformers,":[50],"or":[51],"BERT":[52],"(Devlin":[53],"et":[54],"al,":[55],"2018),":[56],"to":[57,143],"capture":[58],"linguistic,":[59],"syntactic":[60],"semantic":[62],"features.":[63],"Long":[64],"range":[65],"dependencies":[66],"between":[67,129],"each":[68],"part":[69],"a":[71,137],"sentence":[72],"can":[73],"be":[74,144],"captured":[75],"BERT\u2019s":[77],"bidirectional":[78],"encoder":[79],"representations.":[80],"results":[82,125],"show":[83],"85.12%":[84],"accuracy":[85,97,111],"80.57%":[87],"F1":[88,100,114],"scores":[89,101],"Subtask":[91,103,117],"A":[92],"(offensive":[93],"identification),":[95],"87.92%":[96],"50%":[99],"B":[104,153],"(categorization":[105],"offense":[107],"types),":[108],"69.95%":[110],"50.47%":[113],"score":[115],"C":[118],"(offense":[119],"target":[120],"identification).":[121],"Analysis":[122],"shows":[126],"that":[127],"distinguishing":[128],"targeted":[130],"untargeted":[132],"is":[135,159],"not":[136],"simple":[138],"task.":[139],"More":[140],"work":[141,158],"needs":[142],"done":[145],"on":[146],"unbalance":[148],"Subtasks":[152],"C.":[155],"Some":[156],"future":[157],"also":[160],"discussed.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
