{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2953646920","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/s19-2009","title":"FERMI at SemEval-2019 Task 5: Using Sentence embeddings to Identify Hate Speech Against Immigrants and Women in Twitter","display_name":"FERMI at SemEval-2019 Task 5: Using Sentence embeddings to Identify Hate Speech Against Immigrants and Women in Twitter","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2953646920","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/s19-2009","mag":"2953646920"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/s19-2009","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/s19-2009","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/S19-2009.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 13th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/S19-2009.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072719700","display_name":"Vijayasaradhi Indurthi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65181880","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad","ror":"https://ror.org/01j4v3x97","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65181880"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vijayasaradhi Indurthi","raw_affiliation_strings":["IIIT Hyderabad, India","Teradata, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IIIT Hyderabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65181880"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Teradata, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073911898","display_name":"Bakhtiyar Syed","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65181880","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad","ror":"https://ror.org/01j4v3x97","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65181880"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bakhtiyar Syed","raw_affiliation_strings":["IIIT Hyderabad, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IIIT Hyderabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65181880"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013675579","display_name":"Manish Shrivastava","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8705-6637"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65181880","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad","ror":"https://ror.org/01j4v3x97","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65181880"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manish Shrivastava","raw_affiliation_strings":["IIIT Hyderabad, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IIIT Hyderabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65181880"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072249249","display_name":"Nikhil Chakravartula","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nikhil Chakravartula","raw_affiliation_strings":["Teradata, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Teradata, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046755750","display_name":"Manish Gupta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2843-3110"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65181880","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad","ror":"https://ror.org/01j4v3x97","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65181880"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162141","display_name":"Microsoft (India)","ror":"https://ror.org/04ww0w091","country_code":"IN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210162141"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manish Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["IIIT Hyderabad, India","Microsoft, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IIIT Hyderabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65181880"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162141"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073786634","display_name":"Vasudeva Varma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1923-1725"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65181880","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad","ror":"https://ror.org/01j4v3x97","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65181880"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vasudeva Varma","raw_affiliation_strings":["IIIT Hyderabad, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IIIT Hyderabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65181880"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072719700"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65181880"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.2611,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":82,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97997615,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"70","last_page":"74"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8138588666915894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.7260755896568298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentence","display_name":"Sentence","score":0.721359372138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-set","display_name":"Test set","score":0.6569555401802063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.6240577101707458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6022987365722656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoder","display_name":"Encoder","score":0.5952731370925903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semeval","display_name":"SemEval","score":0.5830118656158447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5783749222755432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.5419962406158447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","score":0.4732055068016052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.45236441493034363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test","display_name":"Test (biology)","score":0.4333471953868866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.4059509336948395}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8138588666915894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.7260755896568298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.721359372138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169903167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3985153","display_name":"Test set","level":2,"score":0.6569555401802063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.6240577101707458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6022987365722656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118505674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42586063","display_name":"Encoder","level":2,"score":0.5952731370925903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44572571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7448970","display_name":"SemEval","level":3,"score":0.5830118656158447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5783749222755432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.5419962406158447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.4732055068016052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.45236441493034363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4333471953868866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.4059509336948395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/s19-2009","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/s19-2009","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/S19-2009.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 13th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/s19-2009","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/s19-2009","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/S19-2009.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 13th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Gender equality","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","score":0.5}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2953646920.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2953646920.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1486649854","https://openalex.org/W2140679639","https://openalex.org/W2148143831","https://openalex.org/W2153579005","https://openalex.org/W2209227144","https://openalex.org/W2250539671","https://openalex.org/W2340954483","https://openalex.org/W2473555522","https://openalex.org/W2493916176","https://openalex.org/W2595653137","https://openalex.org/W2739978796","https://openalex.org/W2740168486","https://openalex.org/W2741065173","https://openalex.org/W2752172973","https://openalex.org/W2793381978","https://openalex.org/W2794557536","https://openalex.org/W2797630160","https://openalex.org/W2806872289","https://openalex.org/W2887782043","https://openalex.org/W2912102236","https://openalex.org/W2954226438","https://openalex.org/W2962739339","https://openalex.org/W2962932155","https://openalex.org/W2962993339","https://openalex.org/W2963548060","https://openalex.org/W2963850840","https://openalex.org/W2963918774","https://openalex.org/W2963943967","https://openalex.org/W3013027210","https://openalex.org/W3103061166","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4294170691","https://openalex.org/W4299589691"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1988325893","https://openalex.org/W3029012650","https://openalex.org/W2776212826","https://openalex.org/W4287704526","https://openalex.org/W3044452375","https://openalex.org/W3114038635","https://openalex.org/W2962934252","https://openalex.org/W3114706517","https://openalex.org/W2463861136","https://openalex.org/W3117823711"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1,120],"describes":[2],"our":[3],"system":[4],"(Fermi)":[5],"for":[6,29,74,89,98,112],"Task":[7],"5":[8],"of":[9,14,45,58,72,126],"SemEval-2019:":[10],"HatEval:":[11],"Multilingual":[12],"Detection":[13],"Hate":[15],"Speech":[16],"Against":[17],"Immigrants":[18],"and":[19,31,49,93],"Women":[20],"on":[21,37,108],"Twitter.":[22],"We":[23,41],"participated":[24],"in":[25,34,77,105,115,135],"the":[26,35,38,43,56,91,106,109,127,132,136],"subtask":[27],"A":[28,114],"English":[30,75,116],"ranked":[32],"first":[33,101],"evaluation":[36],"test":[39,110],"set.":[40],"evaluate":[42,55],"quality":[44],"multiple":[46,51],"sentence":[47,87],"embeddings":[48,88],"explore":[50],"training":[52],"models":[53],"to":[54],"performance":[57],"simple":[59],"yet":[60],"effective":[61],"embedding-ML":[62],"combination":[63],"algorithms.":[64],"Our":[65,80],"team":[66],"-Fermi's":[67],"model":[68],"achieved":[69],"an":[70],"accuracy":[71],"65.00%":[73],"language":[76],"task":[78],"A.":[79],"models,":[81],"which":[82],"use":[83],"pretrained":[84],"Universal":[85],"Encoder":[86],"transforming":[90],"input":[92],"SVM":[94],"(with":[95],"RBF":[96],"kernel)":[97],"classification,":[99],"scored":[100],"position":[102],"(among":[103],"68)":[104],"leaderboard":[107],"set":[111],"Subtask":[113],"language.":[117],"In":[118],"this":[119],"we":[121],"provide":[122],"a":[123],"detailed":[124],"description":[125],"approach,":[128],"as":[129,131],"well":[130],"results":[133],"obtained":[134],"task.":[137]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}