{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2950174254","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/p19-2020","title":"Controlling Grammatical Error Correction Using Word Edit Rate","display_name":"Controlling Grammatical Error Correction Using Word Edit Rate","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2950174254","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/p19-2020","mag":"2950174254"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/p19-2020","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/p19-2020","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/P19-2020.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 57th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Student Research Workshop","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/P19-2020.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008625798","display_name":"Kengo Hotate","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69740276","display_name":"Tokyo Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ws30h19","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69740276"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kengo Hotate","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tokyo Metropolitan University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tokyo Metropolitan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69740276"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005531754","display_name":"Masahiro Kaneko","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5117-5447"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69740276","display_name":"Tokyo Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ws30h19","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69740276"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Masahiro Kaneko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tokyo Metropolitan University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tokyo Metropolitan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69740276"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010294982","display_name":"Satoru Katsumata","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9028-3598"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69740276","display_name":"Tokyo Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ws30h19","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69740276"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Satoru Katsumata","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tokyo Metropolitan University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tokyo Metropolitan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69740276"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061931124","display_name":"Mamoru Komachi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1166-1739"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69740276","display_name":"Tokyo Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ws30h19","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69740276"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mamoru Komachi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tokyo Metropolitan University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tokyo Metropolitan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69740276"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010294982"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I69740276"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5601,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74391747,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"149","last_page":"154"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13629","display_name":"Text Readability and Simplification","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8085041046142578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentence","display_name":"Sentence","score":0.701819658279419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/degree","display_name":"Degree (music)","score":0.6872562170028687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grammar","display_name":"Grammar","score":0.6766685247421265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6636993885040283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word-error-rate","display_name":"Word error rate","score":0.634954571723938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.6267687082290649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/error-detection-and-correction","display_name":"Error detection and correction","score":0.6198263764381409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6073386669158936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.5154786705970764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.47943657636642456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.22676455974578857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.2219507098197937}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8085041046142578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.701819658279419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775997480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q586277","display_name":"Degree (music)","level":2,"score":0.6872562170028687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26022165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8091","display_name":"Grammar","level":2,"score":0.6766685247421265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6636993885040283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40969351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3516228","display_name":"Word error rate","level":2,"score":0.634954571723938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.6267687082290649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103088060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062839","display_name":"Error detection and correction","level":2,"score":0.6198263764381409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6073386669158936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.5154786705970764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.47943657636642456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.22676455974578857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.2219507098197937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/p19-2020","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/p19-2020","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/P19-2020.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 57th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Student Research Workshop","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/p19-2020","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/p19-2020","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/P19-2020.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 57th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Student Research Workshop","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8600000143051147,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2950174254.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2950174254.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2098297786","https://openalex.org/W2134800885","https://openalex.org/W2140372282","https://openalex.org/W2153013403","https://openalex.org/W2170527467","https://openalex.org/W2250591774","https://openalex.org/W2467834614","https://openalex.org/W2589277916","https://openalex.org/W2613904329","https://openalex.org/W2741494657","https://openalex.org/W2785047343","https://openalex.org/W2803237843","https://openalex.org/W2963104691","https://openalex.org/W2964082031","https://openalex.org/W2964091575","https://openalex.org/W2964187553","https://openalex.org/W2964258094","https://openalex.org/W2964265128"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2375873920","https://openalex.org/W2146114872","https://openalex.org/W2392060890","https://openalex.org/W2392760275","https://openalex.org/W2083530853","https://openalex.org/W2982905616","https://openalex.org/W2009831055","https://openalex.org/W2393172683","https://openalex.org/W2944691285","https://openalex.org/W168676510"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"When":[0],"professional":[1],"English":[2,10],"teachers":[3],"correct":[4],"grammatically":[5],"erroneous":[6,79],"sentences":[7,73],"written":[8],"by":[9,60],"learners,":[11],"they":[12],"use":[13,90],"various":[14],"methods.":[15],"The":[16],"correction":[17,38,101],"method":[18,33,99],"depends":[19],"on":[20,92],"how":[21],"much":[22],"corrections":[23],"a":[24,32,77,84],"learner":[25],"requires.":[26],"In":[27],"this":[28],"paper,":[29],"we":[30],"propose":[31],"for":[34],"neural":[35],"grammar":[36],"error":[37],"(GEC)":[39],"that":[40,49,87],"can":[41],"control":[42,55],"the":[43,56,93,97],"degree":[44,57,94],"of":[45,58,95],"correction.":[46],"We":[47],"show":[48],"it":[50],"is":[51,74],"possible":[52],"to":[53,83],"actually":[54],"GEC":[59,85],"using":[61],"new":[62],"training":[63],"data":[64],"annotated":[65],"with":[66],"word":[67],"edit":[68],"rate.":[69],"Thereby,":[70],"diverse":[71],"corrected":[72],"obtained":[75],"from":[76],"single":[78],"sentence.":[80],"Moreover,":[81],"compared":[82],"model":[86],"does":[88],"not":[89],"information":[91],"correction,":[96],"proposed":[98],"improves":[100],"accuracy.":[102]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}