{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2798397965","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/p18-1254","title":"Finding syntax in human encephalography with beam search","display_name":"Finding syntax in human encephalography with beam search","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2798397965","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/p18-1254","mag":"2798397965"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/p18-1254","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/p18-1254","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/P18-1254.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 56th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/P18-1254.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054978902","display_name":"John Hale","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165733156","display_name":"University of Georgia","ror":"https://ror.org/00te3t702","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165733156"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"John Hale","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Georgia, Athens, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Georgia, Athens, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165733156"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111222692","display_name":"Chris Dyer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chris Dyer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google (United States), Mountain View, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google (United States), Mountain View, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069646529","display_name":"Adhiguna Kuncoro","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1344076864","display_name":"Center for Applied Linguistics","ror":"https://ror.org/020pekv35","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1344076864"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adhiguna Kuncoro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford  Department of Linguistics, University of Michigan","Department of Linguistics, Cornell University","Google (United States), Mountain View, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford  Department of Linguistics, University of Michigan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1344076864"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Linguistics, Cornell University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google (United States), Mountain View, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039799789","display_name":"Jonathan Brennan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3639-350X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140958","display_name":"Ann Arbor Center for Independent Living","ror":"https://ror.org/045pcya52","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140958"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan Brennan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan\u2013Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140958","https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5054978902"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165733156"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.0463,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93118356,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2727","last_page":"2736"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10465","display_name":"Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parsing","display_name":"Parsing","score":0.7762900590896606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7576849460601807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/syntax","display_name":"Syntax","score":0.642769992351532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5789675712585449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5712133646011353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/string","display_name":"String (physics)","score":0.5640804171562195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.5462335348129272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prosody","display_name":"Prosody","score":0.5041764974594116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/p600","display_name":"P600","score":0.4877679944038391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.4817667007446289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.473629891872406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contrast","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","score":0.4464951753616333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","score":0.44620248675346375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beam-search","display_name":"Beam search","score":0.43136733770370483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comprehension","display_name":"Comprehension","score":0.4289144277572632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rule-based-machine-translation","display_name":"Rule-based machine translation","score":0.4273444414138794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recurrent-neural-network","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","score":0.4272436201572418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.29707348346710205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.13825452327728271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12615913152694702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-algorithm","display_name":"Search algorithm","score":0.11911922693252563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.09429201483726501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.09167787432670593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/event-related-potential","display_name":"Event-related potential","score":0.07843038439750671}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186644900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194152","display_name":"Parsing","level":2,"score":0.7762900590896606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7576849460601807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60048249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37437","display_name":"Syntax","level":2,"score":0.642769992351532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5789675712585449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5712133646011353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157486923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376436","display_name":"String (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5640804171562195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.5462335348129272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542774811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10880526","display_name":"Prosody","level":2,"score":0.5041764974594116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62901249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7117933","display_name":"P600","level":5,"score":0.4877679944038391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.4817667007446289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.473629891872406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.4464951753616333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.44620248675346375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19889080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2835852","display_name":"Beam search","level":3,"score":0.43136733770370483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511192102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156948","display_name":"Comprehension","level":2,"score":0.4289144277572632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53893814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7378909","display_name":"Rule-based machine translation","level":2,"score":0.4273444414138794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147168706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1457734","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","level":3,"score":0.4272436201572418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.29707348346710205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.13825452327728271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12615913152694702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125583679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q755673","display_name":"Search algorithm","level":2,"score":0.11911922693252563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.09429201483726501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.09167787432670593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67359045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14026181","display_name":"Event-related potential","level":3,"score":0.07843038439750671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181598458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1969643","display_name":"N400","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37914503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495","display_name":"Mathematical physics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/p18-1254","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/p18-1254","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/P18-1254.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 56th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1806.04127","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1806.04127","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1806.04127","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2798397965","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1806.04127v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1806.04127","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1806.04127","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/p18-1254","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/p18-1254","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/P18-1254.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 56th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.7699999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7682400881","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1607441","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8162378174","display_name":"US-French Collaboration: Collaborative Research: Neuro-Computational Models of Natural Language","funder_award_id":"1607251","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G848032724","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2798397965.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2798397965.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2789868","https://openalex.org/W1566344874","https://openalex.org/W1964817481","https://openalex.org/W1968218156","https://openalex.org/W1972172159","https://openalex.org/W1981617416","https://openalex.org/W2022192320","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2067575282","https://openalex.org/W2111417482","https://openalex.org/W2144499799","https://openalex.org/W2160580906","https://openalex.org/W2164645230","https://openalex.org/W2167434254","https://openalex.org/W2170167574","https://openalex.org/W2407291067","https://openalex.org/W2547026914","https://openalex.org/W2549835527","https://openalex.org/W2554915555","https://openalex.org/W2561299349","https://openalex.org/W2603982613","https://openalex.org/W2735988195","https://openalex.org/W2767771229","https://openalex.org/W2775102574","https://openalex.org/W2786354489","https://openalex.org/W2909386406","https://openalex.org/W2949350555","https://openalex.org/W2949952998","https://openalex.org/W2953256171","https://openalex.org/W2962733492","https://openalex.org/W2963069010","https://openalex.org/W2963073938","https://openalex.org/W3184707605"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2962941914","https://openalex.org/W2407291067","https://openalex.org/W2160538606","https://openalex.org/W2119728020","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2344975321","https://openalex.org/W2170167574","https://openalex.org/W3199206948","https://openalex.org/W1843946026","https://openalex.org/W3166190990","https://openalex.org/W3207789057","https://openalex.org/W2989738677","https://openalex.org/W2584764413","https://openalex.org/W3160168453","https://openalex.org/W2162258831","https://openalex.org/W119615276","https://openalex.org/W2962951611","https://openalex.org/W2945686429","https://openalex.org/W2963651521","https://openalex.org/W2135351215"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recurrent":[0],"neural":[1,15],"network":[2],"grammars":[3],"(RNNGs)":[4],"are":[5],"generative":[6],"models":[7],"of":[8,30],"(tree,":[9],"string)":[10],"pairs":[11],"that":[12],"rely":[13],"on":[14],"networks":[16],"to":[17,50],"evaluate":[18],"derivational":[19],"choices.":[20],"Parsing":[21],"with":[22],"them":[23],"using":[24],"beam":[25],"search":[26],"yields":[27],"a":[28,62],"variety":[29],"incremental":[31],"complexity":[32],"metrics":[33],"such":[34],"as":[35,44],"word":[36],"surprisal":[37],"and":[38,61],"parser":[39],"action":[40],"count.":[41],"When":[42],"used":[43],"regressors":[45],"against":[46],"human":[47],"electrophysiological":[48],"responses":[49],"naturalistic":[51],"text,":[52],"they":[53],"derive":[54],"two":[55],"amplitude":[56],"effects:":[57],"an":[58],"early":[59],"peak":[60],"P600-like":[63],"later":[64],"peak.":[65]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}