{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2508661403","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/p16-2024","title":"Simple PPDB: A Paraphrase Database for Simplification","display_name":"Simple PPDB: A Paraphrase Database for Simplification","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2508661403","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/p16-2024","mag":"2508661403"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/p16-2024","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/p16-2024","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/P16-2024.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 54th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 2: Short Papers)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/P16-2024.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053850863","display_name":"Ellie Pavlick","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7155-5420"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36788626","display_name":"California University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/01spssf70","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36788626"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ellie Pavlick","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pennsylvania"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pennsylvania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36788626"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068508539","display_name":"Chris Callison-Burch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8196-1943"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36788626","display_name":"California University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/01spssf70","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36788626"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chris Callison-Burch","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pennsylvania"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pennsylvania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36788626"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5053850863"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36788626"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.9266,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":83,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98489241,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"143","last_page":"148"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13629","display_name":"Text Readability and Simplification","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13629","display_name":"Text Readability and Simplification","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9879999756813049,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/paraphrase","display_name":"Paraphrase","score":0.8832904100418091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7657386064529419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.6579282879829407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.4646334946155548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.31520384550094604}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780922921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q255189","display_name":"Paraphrase","level":2,"score":0.8832904100418091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7657386064529419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6579282879829407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.4646334946155548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.31520384550094604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/p16-2024","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/p16-2024","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/P16-2024.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 54th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 2: Short Papers)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18653/v1/p16-2024","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/p16-2024","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/P16-2024.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 54th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 2: Short Papers)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.5600000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G101112439","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Fellow","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306151","funder_display_name":"Alfred P. Sloan Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2372697133","display_name":"EAGER: Combining natural language inference and data-driven paraphrasing","funder_award_id":"1249516","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G290391106","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FA8750-13-2-001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","funder_display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4713059963","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FA8750","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","funder_display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5921281487","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"number","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6894402473","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Fellowship","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306151","display_name":"Alfred P. Sloan Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/052csg198"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2508661403.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2508661403.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W22627370","https://openalex.org/W32283444","https://openalex.org/W45452291","https://openalex.org/W1614298861","https://openalex.org/W1746111881","https://openalex.org/W2025746854","https://openalex.org/W2138238299","https://openalex.org/W2147045128","https://openalex.org/W2156422881","https://openalex.org/W2250365808","https://openalex.org/W2250958747","https://openalex.org/W2251044566","https://openalex.org/W2251200196","https://openalex.org/W2251608410","https://openalex.org/W2251831371","https://openalex.org/W2251863148","https://openalex.org/W2251882135","https://openalex.org/W2294821440","https://openalex.org/W2401830275","https://openalex.org/W2523717353","https://openalex.org/W2534253848","https://openalex.org/W2950577311","https://openalex.org/W4248677198","https://openalex.org/W4320013820"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W191017350","https://openalex.org/W3137243147","https://openalex.org/W4206666510","https://openalex.org/W2018298289","https://openalex.org/W2782520308","https://openalex.org/W3175194702","https://openalex.org/W2251069562","https://openalex.org/W3120390996"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,21],"release":[1],"the":[2,10,16,53],"Simple":[3],"Paraphrase":[4,11],"Database,":[5],"a":[6,23],"subset":[7],"of":[8,9,18],"Database":[12],"(PPDB)":[13],"adapted":[14],"for":[15,57],"task":[17],"text":[19],"simplification.":[20,59],"train":[22],"supervised":[24],"model":[25],"to":[26],"associate":[27],"simplification":[28,40,44],"scores":[29],"with":[30,37],"each":[31],"phrase":[32],"pair,":[33],"producing":[34],"rankings":[35],"competitive":[36],"state-of-theart":[38],"lexical":[39,58],"models.":[41],"Our":[42],"new":[43],"database":[45],"contains":[46],"4.5":[47],"million":[48],"paraphrase":[49],"rules,":[50],"making":[51],"it":[52],"largest":[54],"available":[55],"resource":[56]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-11T08:14:18.477133","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}